정약용 추서론(推恕論)의 철학적 함의-자수(自修)와 치인(治人)의 관계를 통해 본 다산의 서(恕) 이해

백민정 ( Baek¸ Minjung ) 고려대학교 철학연구소 2021 철학연구 Vol.- No.64

이 글은 다산 정약용 推恕論의 철학적 함의를 분석한 것이다. 선행연구에서 주희의 忠恕論과 다산의 관점을 비교한 경우가 있지만 해명되지 못한 쟁점들이 있다고 보고 이 점을 다산 관점에서 재조명한다. 다산은 恕의 두 층위를 推恕와 容恕로 구분하는 한편 추서를 엄격한 自修와 상대에 대한 섬김[事人]으로서의 治人의 두 차원에서 상보적으로 해명했다. 또한 推恕를 위한 전제로서 自修하는 자의 好惡의 성격, 올바른 호오를 얻기 위한 방법에 대해서도 숙고한다. 다산의 추서론을 통해 恕의 행위준칙이 윤리적 즐거움과 쾌감에 기여하며 덕 윤리에 공명하는 것임을 밝힌다. The purpose of this study lies in analyzing the philosophical implications of Jeong Yagyong’s 丁若鏞 (1762-1836; pen name: Dasan 茶山) theory of inferential sympathetic consideration 推恕論. His theory of inferential sympathetic consideration basically focuses not on acts of governing others 治人 but on efforts at self-cultivation. In comparison, Zhu Xi’s 朱熹 (1130-1200) concept of sympathetic consideration 恕 clearly paid attention to others with whom one formed relationships rather than to oneself and urged changes in others. Jeong focused all responsibilities and efforts for inferential sympathetic consideration on the self, the subject. It is because he understood even 治人 as a process for completing the subject’s self-cultivation. This, in turn, stemmed from his understanding of the meaning of governance over others as serving others 事人. For Dasan, governance over others was an extension of inferential sympathetic consideration as self-cultivation, and faithfulness to inferential sympathetic consideration could be secured only through training in governance over others that served them. In contrast, to him, Zhu’s concept of sympathetic consideration was not strict self-cultivation but consisted of acts of governing others, and lenient responses in accordance with others’ abilities ultimately failed to overcome abuses caused by excessive accommodation of sympathetic consideration 容恕. Dasan also pondered on desirable likes and dislikes 好惡 that were indispensably demanded for the praxis of sympathetic consideration. In his view, one’s likes and dislikes, rather than being inherent, came to be clearly perceived by oneself through experiences repeated in ethical human relationships with those whom one had social intercourse with. Consequently, when one bestowed on others after distinguishing between what one did and did not wish for, one’s likes and dislikes as hypothesized by Dasan ultimately could be understood as originating from one’s previous relationships with others. In this respect, Dasan’s understanding of sympathetic consideration reflected important philosophical reflections on issues such as humans’ inevitable interrelationality and alterity and the experientiality of ethical desires. Sympathetic consideration, which Dasan stressed as a Confucian, was not simply a code of conduct based on reciprocity or bilateral contracts. It consisted of neither an attitude of dealing with others in a self-interested and calculating manner in order to avoid damages or losses or to obtain profits nor preemptive efforts in order to avoid what one disliked. In this respect, an attitude based on sympathetic consideration was distant from the Western attitude of tolerance, which is basically based on contractual relationships. The logic of inferential sympathetic consideration presumes continued interest and affection for the application of one’s treasured ethical values to others. Another significant aspect of Dasan’s theory of inferential sympathetic consideration is that he acknowledged others as beings coexisting with oneself and highly esteemed their status as beings indispensable to one’s ethical completion. Also highly commendable is the fact that he did not consider others as objects of enlightenment or education. It is because, to him, others were beings who make possible one’s ethical completion.

UAE 해외 건설 현장을 다녀와서...

정유민(Yoo?MinJung) 대한토목학회 2011 대한토목학회지 Vol.59 No.10

Functions of I mean in American Talk Shows

강민정(Minjung Kang) 한국사회언어학회 2018 사회언어학 Vol.26 No.2

Kang, Minjung. 2018. “Functions of I mean in American Talk Shows”. The Sociolinguistic Journal of Korea 26(2). 63~84. This paper aims to find out roles of the discourse marker I mean in American talk shows. Ten interviews from six talk shows were analyzed for the investigation and the results indicate that there are some unique functions of I mean which do not seem to be mentioned in early studies: counter-accounting and footing shift functions. This study suggests that the counter-accounting function of I mean can appear in utterance-initial position when the interviewee does not agree with what the interviewer has mentioned. Also, the interviewee can use I mean as a footing shift marker to switch stances from an informative one to an entertaining one (or vice versa). Since these two functions seem to be connected to the institutional settings and goals of talk shows, it is crucial to study functions of I mean in accordance with types of institutional talk.

메를로-퐁티의 「세잔의 회의」 : 예술가의 회의, 그리고 반성의 새로운 가능성

김민정 ( Kim¸ Minjung ) 한국미학회 2021 美學 Vol.87 No.3

메를로-퐁티의 예술론을 대표하는 「세잔의 회의」, 「간접적인 언어와 침묵의 목소리」및 『눈과 정신』은 단순한 예술론이 아니다. ‘회의’, ‘침묵’ 및 ‘정신’이 포함된 제목들이 암시하듯, 이 에세이들은 예술에 대한 성찰을 통해 서양 전통 철학의 오랜 관습을 넘어서는 새로운 철학의 개념과 방법론을 우회적으로 제시한다. 그중 메를로-퐁티가 처음으로 자신의 예술론을 본격적으로 전개하는 「세잔의 회의」는 끊임없는 회의 속에 구체화되는 예술가의 창작의 메커니즘에 주목한다. 사유의 역사 속에서 우리는 데카르트의 방법적 회의를 통해 회의의 한 형태를 접한 바 있다. 데카르트는 학문의 가능성을 위협해온 회의주의에 맞서 절대적으로 확실한 학문의 토대를 찾고자 회의를 방법적이고 수단적인 것으로 한정했다. 하지만 세계와의 접촉 속에 매 순간 새롭게 떠오르는 자연을 구현하고자 했던 세잔은 주의를 집중하기 보다는 분산시켜야 했고, 그 결과 회의에 머무르게 되었는데, 이것은 토대론적인 것을 넘어 존재 발생 그 자체에 가닿는 반성의 새로운 가능성을 보여준다. 결국 우리는 메를로-퐁티의 ‘완전한 환원의 불가능성’ 명제가 철학의 한계와 실패가 아니라 그와 정 반대의 지점, 즉 철학이 스스로 머물러 있던 오랜 틀을 깨고 스스로를 새롭게 창조시키기를 요청하는 명제였음을 확인하게 될 것이다. "Le doute de Cézanne", "Le langage indirect et les voix du silence", et L'oeil et l'esprit, représentant la théorie de l'art de Merleau-Ponty, ne sont pas de simples théories de l'art. Comme le suggèrent les mots tels que « doute », « silence » et « l'esprit », ces essais présentent indirectement de nouveaux concepts et méthodologies philosophiques qui vont au-delà des anciennes conventions de la philosophie traditionnelle occidentale à travers une réflexion sur l'art. Parmi eux, "Le doute de cezanne" , dans lequel Merleau-Ponty développe d'abord sérieusement sa théorie de l'art, prête attention au mécanisme de la création de l'artiste qui s'incarne dans le doute constant. Nous examinons comment les doutes de Cézanne transcendent les limites des doutes méthodologiques de Descartes. Descartes a cherché à trouver un fondement absolument certain de la science contre le scepticisme qui avait menacé la possibilité de la science, faisant ainsi du « doute » un méthodique et instrumental. Cependant, Cézanne, qui voulait incarner la nature émergente à chaque instant au contact du monde, a dû distraire plutôt que se concentrer, et de ce fait, il est resté dans le doute, ce qui révèle une nouvelle possibilité de réflexion qui va au-delà du fondationnalisme et décrit l'Être lui-même. Nous pouvons voir que « l'impossibilité de la réduction complète » n'était pas la limite et l'échec de la philosophie, mais le point inverse, c'est-à-dire qu'il s'agissait d'une proposition qui appelait la philosophie à briser le vieux moule et à se recréer.

Development of Transgenic Pepper with Functional Genes

Min Jung,Yun Hee Lee,Hae Ik Rhee,Ji Hee Lee,Byung Dong Kim,Sun Hee Shin,Soon Ho Choi,Chee Hark Harn,Dong Bo Shim 한국육종학회 2007 한국육종학회 학술발표회 발표요지 Vol.39 No.-

New Breeding Lines Developed by Asymmetric Protoplast Fusion

Min Jung,Da-Hae Son,In-Chang Jang,Ji-Young Hyun,Young-Woo Liu,Jong-Sup Shin,Shi-Woo Lee,Chee Hark Harn 한국원예학회 2013 한국원예학회 학술발표요지 Vol.2013 No.5

Concept & Implementation of Three-Layered Vessel Traffic Management System

Min Jung,Chae-Uk Song 한국항해항만학회 2010 한국항해항만학회지 Vol.34 No.2

Recently IMO and IALA have developed the strategy of e-Navigation and the concepts of VTM to enhance the safety, efficiency and security of vessel traffic and protection of the marine environment. And current technical and functional trends require vessel traffic management systems to be improved so as to control vessel traffic not only in waters of harbour area, but also within EEZ waters. Under the consideration of these circumstances, a three-layered vessel traffic management system was proposed in this paper. The proposed system consists of three sub-systems, called Local VTS, Regional VTS and National VTS, and those sub-systems are designed respectively to be suitable for managing vessel traffic within their own jurisdiction waters.

Transgenic Peppers Transformed with Anthracnose Resistance Related Genes

Min Jung,Sun Hee Shin,Ji Hee Lee,Joung Mi Park,Hee Young Hwang,Nam Hee Kim,Soon Ho Choi,Nam Han Her,Jang Ha Lee,Jae Bok Yoon,Hyo Geun Park,Chee Hark Harn 한국육종학회 2008 한국육종학회 학술발표회 발표요지 Vol.40 No.1

A Study on the Radar Image Generation Method for Ship Handling Simulator

Min Jung,Sin-Geol Lee,Chae-Uk Song 한국항해항만학회 2006 한국항해항만학회지 Vol.30 No.7

This paper proposes a method for generating radar images used in a ship handling simulator, which includes mathematical logics based on radar equations and information from Openflight. format files. In order to make radar image much similar to that of real radar in PPI type, the proposed mathematical logic derives radar video signals under the consideration of not only the data form flight format file of simulation scenes, but also geographical radar's position The proposed method is considered useful to make radar images in ship handling simulator with accuracy and reality.

Development of new genetic sources for breeding practice using protoplast fusion technology

Min Jung,Dong Su In,Chee Hark Harn 한국육종학회 2010 한국육종학회 학술발표회 발표요지 Vol.42 No.1