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배귀석,남경표,김혜숙,이상구,최행석,민우기,주종원,맹원재,장문백 한국동물자원과학회 2003 한국축산학회지 Vol.45 No.6
This study was conducted to determine the effects of the artificial culture medium of wild-ginsengs on in vitro fermentation characteristics. NH_(3)-N concentration was showed the highest in 3% WGM treatment among all treatments and control. In addition, microbila protein synthesis was significantly different in all treatments throughout the incubation time, and WGM 3% tratment was the highest at the 9 h incubation(P<0.05). Protozoa numbers within rumen were decreased in all WGM treatments a t9h incubation time, whereas WGM 3% treatment was always decreased throughtout the incubation(P<0.05). NDF and ADF digestibility showed no significantly increased as the incubation time in both control and treatments. NDF digestibility showed no significantly increased as the incubation time in both control and treatments. NDF digestibility showed no significantly difference between contro and the 3% treatment, and ADF digestibility was similar in all. Total volatile fatty acid(VFA) concentrations of WGM treatments without 5% were significantly higher than control(P<0.05). No differences were observed in total VFA, acetate, propionate and butyrate concentration among the WGM treatments. Acetate/Propionate roatio of WGN treatments was higher than control after 12 h incubation(P<0.05). As a result of the artificial culture medium of wild-ginseng on rumen fermentation characteristics in vitro, microbial protein synthesis of WGM treatment was higher than control, and WGM 3% was the highest in all treatments(P<0.05). The effect of saponin in artificaial culture medium of wild-ginseng tended to decrease NH_(3)-N concentration, while it increases the microbial synthesis in early incubation. Therefor, artificial cultures medium of wild-ginseng ca increase utilization of feed by microbial and anti-protozoal effects of saponin, which may enhance microbial synthesis capacity in early fernentation period in rumen.
Min, K.H.,Kim, J.H.,Bae, S.M.,Shin, H.,Kim, M.S.,Park, S.,Lee, H.,Park, R.W.,Kim, I.S.,Kim, K.,Kwon, I.C.,Jeong, S.Y.,Lee, D.S. Elsevier Science Publishers 2010 Journal of controlled release Vol.144 No.2
Herein, we evaluated the tumoral low pH targeting characteristics of pH-responsive polymer micelles in cancer targeting therapy. To design the pH-responsive polymeric micelles, hydrophilic methyl ether poly(ethylene glycol) (MPEG) and pH-responsive/biodegradable poly(β-amino ester) (PAE) were copolymerized using a Michael-type step polymerization, resulting in an MEPG-PAE block copolymer. The amphiphilic MPEG-PAE block copolymer formed polymeric micelles with nano-sized diameter by self-assembly, which showed a sharp pH-dependant micellization/demicellization transition at the tumoral acidic pH value (pH 6.4). For the cancer image and therapy, fluorescence dye, tetramethylrhodamine isothiocyanate (TRITC), or anticancer drug, camptothecin (CPT), was efficiently encapsulated into the pH-responsive polymeric micelles (pH-PMs) by a simple solvent casting method. The TRITC or CPT encapsulated pH-PMs (TRITC-pH-PMs or CPT-pH-PMs) showed rapid release of TRITC or CPT in weakly acidic aqueous (pH 6.4) because they still presented a sharp tumoral acid pH-responsive micellization/demicellization transition. The pH-PMs with 10wt.% of TRITC could deliver substantially more fluorescence dyes to the target tumor tissue in MDA-MB231 human breast tumor-bearing mice, compared to the control polymeric micelles of PEG-poly(l-lactic acid) (PEG-PLLA). Importantly, CPT-pH-PMs exhibited significantly increased therapeutic efficacy with minimum side effects by other tissues in breast tumor-bearing mice, compared to free CPT and CPT encapsulated PEG-PLLA micelles. The tumoral acidic pH-responsive polymeric micelles are highly useful for cancer targeting therapy.
Min, J.S.,Kim, J.,Kim, J.H.,Kim, D.,Zheng, Y.F.,Park, J.E.,Lee, W.,Bae, S.K. Pergamon Press 2017 Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis Vol.146 No.-
A highly sensitive and rapid LC-MS/MS method was developed and validated to determine the levels of carfilzomib in mice plasma by using chlorpropamide as an internal standard. Carfilzomib and chlorpropamide were extracted from 5 μL of plasma after protein precipitation with acetonitrile. Chromatographic separation was performed on Phenomenex Luna C<SUB>18</SUB> column (50x2.0mm id, 3μm). The mobile phase consisted of 0.1% formic acid in acetonitrile -0.1% formic acid in water (1:1v/v) and the flow rate was 0.3mL/min. The total chromatographic run time was 2.5min. Detection was performed on a triple quadrupole mass spectrometer equipped with positive-ion electrospray ionization by selected reaction monitoring of the transitions at m/z 720.20>100.15 (for carfilzomib) and m/z 277.05>111.05 (for the internal standard). The lower limit of quantification was 0.075ng/mL and the linear range was 0.075-1250ng/mL (r≥0.9974). All validation data, including selectivity, precision, accuracy, matrix effect, recovery, dilution integrity, stability, and incurred sample reanalysis, were well within acceptance limits. This newly developed bioanalytical method was simple, highly sensitive, required only a small volume of plasma, and was suitable for application in pharmacokinetic studies in mice that used serial blood sampling.
Pharmacokinetics of oltipraz in mutant Nagase analbuminemic rats
Bae, Soo K.,Kang, Hee E.,Kang, Min K.,Kim, Jin W.,Kim, Taekrho,Lee, Myung G. Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company 2006 journal of pharmaceutical sciences Vol.95 No.5
<P>Pharmacokinetic parameters of oltipraz were compared after intravenous (10 mg/kg) and oral (50 mg/kg) administration to control male Sprague–Dawely rats and mutant Nagase analbuminemic rats (NARs). In NARs, the expression and mRNA level of CYP1A2 increased, and oltipraz was mainly metabolized via CYP1A1/2, 2B1/2, 2C11, 201, and 3A1/2 in male rats. Hence, it may be expected that the CL of oltipraz would be significantly faster in NARs. This was proven by the following results. After intravenous administration, the CL of oltipraz was significantly faster in NARs (125% increase) than controls due to significantly greater free fractions (unbound to plasma proteins) of oltipraz (197% increase) and significantly faster CL<SUB>int</SUB> for the disappearance of oltipraz (11.4% increase) in NARs, since oltipraz is an intermediate hepatic extraction ratio drug in rats. The V<SUB>ss</SUB> was significantly larger in NARs (109% increase) and this could be due to significant increase in free fractions of oltipraz in NARs. After oral administration, the AUC of oltipraz was also significantly smaller in NARs (61.9% decrease). This could also be due to significant increase in free fractions of oltipraz and significantly faster CL<SUB>int</SUB> in NARs. However, this was not due to decrease in absorption in NARs. © 2006 Wiley-Liss, Inc. and the American Pharmacists Association J Pharm Sci 95:998–1005, 2006</P>
Kim, S. K.,Park, J. Y.,Koo, B. H.,Lee, J.-H.,Kim, H. S.,Choi, W.-K.,Shim, I.,Lee, H.,Hong, M.-C.,Shin, M.-K.,Min, B.-I.,Bae, H. Blackwell Publishing Ltd 2009 Genes, brain, and behavior Vol.8 No.2
<P><B>Our previous studies, using cDNA microarray and real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, showed that acetylcholinesterase T subunit (AChET) gene was more abundantly expressed in the hypothalamus of the responder rats that were sensitive to electroacupuncture (EA) in the tail flick latency (TFL) test than in that of the non-responder rats that were insensitive to EA. In this study, we hypothesized that the expression of the AChET gene in the hypothalamus modulates EA analgesia in rats. To explore the hypothesis, we constructed an AChET-encoding adenovirus and a control virus expressing only green fluorescence protein, either of which was then injected into the hypothalamus of Sprague-Dawley rats. The hypothalamic activity of acetylcholinesterase was significantly higher in rats that were injected with the AChET virus than in rats that were injected with the control virus. The basal pain threshold measured by a TFL test was not changed by microinjection of AChET or control virus into the hypothalamus when EA treatment was not conducted. However, the analgesic effect of EA was significantly enhanced from 7 days after microinjection of the AChET virus into the hypothalamus but not after injection of the control virus. Furthermore, expression of the AChET in the hypothalamus did not affect body core temperature, body weight, motor function or learning and memory ability. Taken together, these results suggest that adenoviral expression of the AChET gene in the hypothalamus potentiates EA analgesia in rats without apparent side-effects.</B></P>
BRIEF REPORTS ON KAISTSAT-4 MISSION ANALYSIS
J. Seon,K. I. Seon,S. H. Kim,K. W. Min,B. J. Kim,R. C. K. Yong,L. F. Leong,H. J. Chun,H. S. Chang,H. S. Kim,J. S. Bae,Y. W. Choi,S. R. LEE,Y. H. Shin,K. S. Ryu,J. J. Lee,D. H. Lee,D. J. Park 한국우주과학회 2000 Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences Vol.17 No.2
Won, Kyoung A.,Lim, Nak H.,Lee, Min K.,Park, Min K.,Yang, Gwi Y.,Park, Yoon-Yub,Ahn, Dong K.,Bae, Yong C. The Korean Academy of Oral Biology 2010 International Journal of Oral Biology Vol.35 No.3
We investigated the role of the central MAPK pathways in extra-territorial (referred) pain resulting from inflammation of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ). Experiments were carried out on male Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 220-280 g. Under anesthesia, these animals were injected with 50 μL of complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) into the TMJ using a Hamilton syringe. In the control group, saline was injected into the TMJ. To identify the extent of inflammation of the TMJ, Evans blue dye (0.1%, 5 mg/kg) was injected intravenously at 1, 3, 6, 9, 12 and 15 days after CFA injection. The concentration of Evans blue dye in the extracted TMJ tissue was found to be significantly higher in the CFA-treated animals than in the saline-treated group. Air-puff thresholds in the vibrissa pad area were evaluated 3 days before and at 3, 6, 9, 12, 15 and 18 days after CFA injection into the TMJ. Referred mechanical allodynia was established at 3 days, remained until 12 days, and recovered to preoperative levels at 18 days after CFA injection. This referred mechanical allodynia was observed in contralateral side area. To investigate the role of central MAPK pathways, MAPK inhibitors (10 μg) were administrated intracisternally 9 days after CFA injection. SB203580, a p38 MAPK inhibitor, significantly attenuated referred mechanical allodynia, as compared with the vehicle group. PD98059, a MEK inhibitor, also reduced CFA-induced referred mechanical allodynia. These results suggest that TMJ inflammation produces extra-territorial mechanical allodynia, and that this is mediated by central MAPK pathways.
Rhee, E. J.,Lee, W. Y.,Yoon, K. H.,Yoo, S. J.,Lee, I. K.,Baik, S. H.,Kim, Y. K.,Lee, M. K.,Park, K. S.,Park, J. Y.,Cha, B. S.,Lee, H. W.,Min, K. W.,Bae, H. Y.,Kim, M. J.,Kim, J. A.,Kim, D. K.,Kim, S. Blackwell Publishing Ltd 2010 Diabetes, obesity & metabolism Vol.12 No.12
<P><B>Aim:</B> The objective of this study was to evaluate the optimal dose, efficacy and safety of a novel dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-IV) inhibitor, LC15-0444, in Korean subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus treated by diet and exercise.</P><P><B>Methods:</B> This study was a double-blind, randomized, multicenter and parallel-group, dose-range finding study. We enrolled 145 patients (91 men and 54 women) with a median age of 53 years and a median body mass index of 25.1 kg/m<SUP>2</SUP>. The median baseline fasting plasma glucose (FPG) was 8.1 mmol/l, the median HbA1c was 7.9% and the median time since the diagnosis of diabetes was 3 years. After 2 weeks of an exercise/diet programme followed by 2 weeks of a placebo period, the subjects were randomized to one of the four following groups for a 12-week active treatment period: placebo and 50, 100 or 200 mg of LC15-0444.</P><P><B>Results:</B> All three doses of LC15-0444 significantly reduced the HbA1c from baseline compared to the placebo group (−0.06 vs. −0.98, −0.74 and −0.78% in the placebo and 50, 100 and 200 mg groups, respectively), without a significant difference between the doses. Subjects with a higher baseline HbA1c (≥8.5%) had a greater reduction in HbA1c. Insulin secretory function, as assessed using homeostasis model assessment-beta cell, C-peptide and the insulinogenic index, improved significantly with LC15-0444 treatment. Insulin sensitivity, as assessed using homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance, also improved significantly after 12 weeks of treatment. The 50 and 200 mg groups had significantly reduced total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels at 12 weeks compared to the placebo group. No dosage of LC15-0444 affected weight or waist circumference. The incidences of adverse events were similar in all study subjects.</P><P><B>Conclusions:</B> LC15-0444 monotherapy (50 mg for 12 weeks) improved the HbA1c, FPG level, oral glucose tolerance test results, <I>β</I>-cell function and insulin sensitivity measures, and was well tolerated in Korean subjects with type 2 diabetes.</P>