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Informed Consent for Scholarly Articles during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Jones Xaviar Michael,Zimba Olena,Gupta Latika 대한의학회 2021 Journal of Korean medical science Vol.36 No.3
The coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic has caused a breakdown in the healthcare system worldwide. The need to rapidly update guidelines in order to control the transmission in the population and for evidenced-based healthcare care has led to the need for timely, voluminous and valid research. Amid the quest for a vaccine and better therapies, researchers clamouring for information has led to a wide variety of ethical issues due to the unique situation. This paper aims to examine the positive and negative aspects of recent changes in the process of obtaining informed consent. The article outlines the various aspects, from history, previously described exemptions to consenting as well as those implemented during the pandemic and the current impact of virtual methods. Further, the authors make recommendations based on the outcome of suggested adjustments described in the literature. This article looks into increasing the awareness of physicians and researchers about ethical issues that need to be addressed to provide optimal care for patients while assuring their integrity and confidentiality.
Jones Michael,Moran Brendan,Heald Richard John,Bunni John 대한대장항문학회 2024 Annals of Coloproctolgy Vol.40 No.1
Anastomotic and rectal stump leaks are feared complications of colorectal surgery. Diverting stomas are commonly used to protect low rectal anastomoses but can have adverse effects. Studies have reported favorable outcomes for transanal drainage devices instead of diverting stomas. We describe our use of the Heald anal stent and its potential impact in reducing anastomotic or rectal stump leak after elective or emergency colorectal surgery. We performed a single-center retrospective analysis of patients in whom a Heald anal stent had been used to “protect” a colorectal anastomosis or a rectal stump, in an elective or emergency context, for benign and malignant pathology. Intraoperative and postoperative outcomes were reviewed using clinical and radiological records. The Heald anal stent was used in 93 patients over 4 years. Forty-six cases (49%) had a colorectal anastomosis, and 47 (51%) had an end stoma with a rectal stump. No anastomotic or rectal stump leaks were recorded. We recommend the Heald anal stent as a simple and affordable adjunct that may decrease anastomotic and rectal stump leak by reducing intraluminal pressure through drainage of fluid and gas.
Multi-target-directed phenol–triazole ligands as therapeutic agents for Alzheimer's disease
Jones, Michael R.,Mathieu, Emilie,Dyrager, Christine,Faissner, Simon,Vaillancourt, Zavier,Korshavn, Kyle J.,Lim, Mi Hee,Ramamoorthy, Ayyalusamy,Wee Yong, V.,Tsutsui, Shigeki,Stys, Peter K.,Storr, Tim Royal Society of Chemistry 2017 Chemical Science Vol.8 No.8
<▼1><P>A series of multi-target-directed ligands are described that bind Cu, act as antioxidants, modulate Aβ peptide aggregation, and abolish Aβ toxicity in primary neurons.</P></▼1><▼2><P>Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a multifactorial disease that is characterized by the formation of intracellular neurofibrillary tangles and extracellular amyloid-β (Aβ) plaque deposits. Increased oxidative stress, metal ion dysregulation, and the formation of toxic Aβ peptide oligomers are all considered to contribute to the etiology of AD. In this work we have developed a series of ligands that are multi-target-directed in order to address several disease properties. 2-(1-(3-Hydroxypropyl)-1<I>H</I>-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)phenol (<B>POH</B>), 2-(1-(2-morpholinoethyl)-1<I>H</I>-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)phenol (<B>PMorph</B>), and 2-(1-(2-thiomorpholinoethyl)-1<I>H</I>-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)phenol (<B>PTMorph</B>) have been synthesized and screened for their antioxidant capacity, Cu-binding affinity, interaction with the Aβ peptide and modulation of Aβ peptide aggregation, and the ability to limit Aβ<SUB>1–42</SUB>-induced neurotoxicity in human neuronal culture. The synthetic protocol and structural variance incorporated <I>via</I> click chemistry, highlights the influence of R-group modification on ligand-Aβ interactions and neuroprotective effects. Overall, this study demonstrates that the phenol–triazole ligand scaffold can target multiple factors associated with AD, thus warranting further therapeutic development.</P></▼2>
Michael A. Puskarich,Utsav Nandi,Ben G. Long,Alan E. Jones 대한응급의학회 2017 Clinical and Experimental Emergency Medicine Vol.4 No.1
Objective Vital sign trends are used in clinical practice to assess treatment response and aid in disposition, yet quantitative data to support this practice are lacking. This study aimed to determine the prognostic value of vital sign normalization. Methods Secondary analysis of a prospective cohort of adult emergency department (ED) patients admitted a single urban tertiary care hospital. A random sample of 182 days was chosen, and a manual review of all admissions was undertaken. Persistent tachycardia or tachypnea was defined as failure to decrease to a normal value in the ED. Elevated upon admission was defined as an abnormal value at the last set of vital signs documented. The primary outcome was in-hospital mortality. Results 4,878 patients were enrolled and 4.5 (±3.8) sets of vital signs were checked per patient. 1,770 patients were tachycardic and 1,499 were tachypneic. Among tachycardic patients, 941 (53%) were persistently tachycardic and 1,074 (61%) were tachycardic upon admission. Among tachypneic patients 639 (42%) were persistently tachypneic and 768 (51%) were tachypneic upon admission. Mortality was higher in patients persistently tachycardic (5.7% vs. 3.1%, P=0.008) or tachycardic upon admission (5.5% vs. 3.0%, P=0.014). Similar results were found in tachypneic patients (8.3% vs. 4.5%, P=0.003; 7.8% vs. 4.4%, P=0.006). Conclusion Persistent tachycardia and tachypnea are associated with an increased risk of mortality in ED patients admitted to the hospital. Further study is necessary to determine if improved recognition or earlier interventions can affect outcomes.
Using Smartphones to Create and Deliver Learner-Generated Video Content for Tasks
데이빗 켄트,Michael Jones 영상영어교육학회 2012 영상영어교육 (STEM journal) Vol.13 No.3
This descriptive study replicates a previous work that examined the efficacy of utilizing film to lead to language production in L2 learners. In the original study, the productive task included a written movie review and the creation of a movie poster. This study sought to replicate those activities in the Korean context and introduced mobile technology paired with QR codes in order to extend the task in the form of a communicative activity. In the extended task, the participants videotaped their reviews and posted them to the Internet where their peers would then access the videos via QR codes printed on the movie posters. The participants would then complete a QR code delivered task based upon the video reviews they watched. The participants were twelve first-year learners in a non-English major program at a mid-sized technical college in South Korea. The data was collected through survey with initial analysis focusing upon aspects of motivation, pedagogy, technology, accessibility, and desirability. The results show that the students found the use of movies for learning English to be motivating, and that the use of smartphones provided a further enjoyable element to the task. In addition, the participants made clear that they would welcome further use of educational m-learning opportunities in the future.