High alcohol-soluble MoOx gel for interfacial layer in organic solar cells

Jian Xiong,Zhen He,Shiping Zhan,Bingchu Yang,Xiaowen Zhang,Ping Cai,Cong Xu,Xiaogang Xue,Jian Zhang 한국물리학회 2017 Current Applied Physics Vol.17 No.8

Water-free solvent soluble, low-temperature processed metal oxides are important for preparing efficient and stable electronic devices, as well as the convenience in simplifying the device production process. Here we reported a facile approach with the features of low-temperature and solution-based process for the formation of a MoOx (s-MoOx) film as interface layer in polymer solar cells (PSCs). The absorbability, elementary composition, electronic property and surface microstructure of the s-MoOx are investigated in detail by ultravioletevisible spectrophotometer (UVevis), X-ray photoelectron spectrometry (XPS), ultraviolet photo-electron spectrometer (UPS) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). These investigations confirmed that such MoOx xerogel has high solubility in the organic alcohol solvents, such as ethanol and methanol. Meanwhile, this s-MoOx can be applied as the interfacial layer in organic solar cells via a low-temperature treatment (about 100 C) due to its proper physical properties, and a power conversion efficiency (PCE) over 3% was achieved. In addition, the devices with s-MoOx shows excellent air-stability, and the PCE efficiency can maintain about 84% of its initial value after 100 h exposure in air, which is dramatically enhanced comparing with the common devices with PEDOT:PSS layer.

Dietary Vitamin E Influences the Levels of Nitric Oxide and Cytokines in Broiler Chickens

Xu, Jian-Xiong,Chen, Xiao-Lian,Wang, Jing,Wang, Tian Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2011 Animal Bioscience Vol.24 No.10

The study investigated the effects of dietary Vitamin E (VE) on nitric oxide (NO) metabolism, immune function and analyzed the correlation between NO free radical and cytokines (IL-2 and IL-6) in broilers. One hundred and fifty 2-week-old broilers were randomly divided into three groups. Control group and lower VE ($VE^-$) group were provided with a basic diet supplemented with 12.55 mg/kg VE and 2.55 mg/kg VE for 30 days, respectively. Higher VE ($VE^{-}-VE^+$) group was supplemented with 2.55 mg/kg VE in the first 15 days and then 32.55 mg/kg VE in the next 15 days. Five broilers in each group were then sacrificed on the 5th, 10th, 15th, 20th, 25th and 30th days, respectively, and the content of NO free radical, superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSHPx), malondialdehyde (MDA) and cytokines, IL-2 and IL-6, were measured. The results showed that lower VE could decrease growth performance of broilers while higher VE could increase growth performance and eliminate differences resulted from feeding lower VE dietary in early stages (p<0.05). Compared with the control group, lower VE could increase significantly NO and MDA concentration, and increase IL-2 concentration in serum (p<0.05). Higher VE could significantly increase activities of SOD and glutathione GSH-Px (p<0.05). IL-2 is positively correlated with NO in heart (p<0.05) and IL-6 is negatively correlated with NO in liver (p<0.05) and heart (p<0.01). These results indicate that dietary VE could regulate antioxidant capacity and NO metabolism of broilers and higher VE-supplemented diet could directly decrease production of IL-2.

Active power decoupling method for single‑phase PWM converters without LC branch sensors

Jian Xiong,Jianzhong Zhang,Zheng Xu 전력전자학회 2022 JOURNAL OF POWER ELECTRONICS Vol.22 No.7

The presence of ripple power in a converter system has a negative influence on both control performance and reliability. Active power decoupling (APD) is a practical technique to deal with such problems. However, the APD method requires extra sensors on the LC branch, which increases the complexity and cost of the control system. This paper puts forward a new APD method to handle undesirable ripple power for H-bridge PWM converters. When compared with previous APD methods, the proposed APD method eliminates the current and voltage sensors on the LC branch by utilizing a ripple voltage control loop. Then, both the cost and reliability of the converter system are improved. To improve the control performance, an APD method that only has a voltage sensor in the LC branch is also discussed. Simulation results show that the DC-link voltage ripples can be decreased due to the application of the proposed APD method. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed method is verified by the experimental results.

Feature analysis on air quality in the main urban area of Nanchong City in 2015–2018

Xiong Lei,Qing Zheng,Yifan Qian,Jian Hu,Danyu Li,Ping Zhang,Xu Yuan,Qiumei Quan,Yunxiang Li 대한환경공학회 2022 Environmental Engineering Research Vol.27 No.3

This study evaluates the air quality in Nanchong City in 2015–2018 based on automatic monitoring data and meteorological data in the main urban area. Results show that overall air quality in the main urban area of Nanchong was standard and improved from 2015 to 2018. SO₂, NO₂, and CO had slight influences on air quality in the study area, whereas excessive annual average PM2.5 and increasing O₃ concentration challenged the air quality. The monthly average mass concentrations of particulate matters (PM2.5 and PM10), NO₂, and CO generally presented a “U-shaped” distribution pattern while O₃ showed the opposite. The diurnal variation of PM, NO₂, and CO has two peaks related to the morning and evening rush hours. Vehicle exhaust is the main source of local pollution. Over-standard PM2.5 can significantly inhibit O₃ production while O₃ can easily promote the secondary generation of PM2.5 due to its strong oxidization. PM2.5 emission should be controlled strictly in winter, while in summer, the sources of O₃ should be controlled vigorously. Air pollution is comprehensive and complicated and is influenced by various factors, mainly meteorological and human factors. Measures such as artificial rainfall should be included at the appropriate time to cope with adverse meteorological conditions when heavy pollution occurs in winter.

Strange quark mass effect on the structure of hybrid stars

Xu, Jian-Feng,Luo, Yan-An,Li, Lei,Peng, Guang-Xiong World Scientific Publishing Company 2018 International Journal of Modern Physics E Vol.27 No.1

<P>We study the strange quark mass effect on the phase diagram of strong interaction and the structure of compact stars with a thermodynamically enhanced perturbative QCD model by matching quark matter onto nuclear matter using the Gibbs conditions. It is found that the mass effect of strange quark matter can obviously stiffen the equation of state of mixed phases and result in more massive hybrid stars (HSs), while that usually lowers the maximum mass of pure quark stars. Given reasonable model parameters, the maximum mass of HSs can reach two times the solar mass and the stars always have mixed-phase core in a considerably wide range of model parameters.</P>

A Health Management Service with Beacon-Based Identification for Preventive Elderly Care

Jian-Wei Li,Yi-Chun Chang,Min-Xiong Xu,De-Yao Huang 한국정보처리학회 2020 Journal of information processing systems Vol.16 No.3

Bluetooth low energy (BLE) beacon is an actively push-to-broadcast electronic signal and can be used for objectidentification. This paper uses such beacon-based identification and Internet of Things (IoT) technologies for theelder health management service system to simplify the user interfaces and steps for preventive elder care. Inthe proposed system, an elder’s family member, caregiver, or medical worker can conveniently and quicklyrecord daily health management information. Besides, through the statistics and analysis of the data on the backend of the system, it is helpful for the elderly to refer to the data of daily care management and futuremanagement trends. Similarly, it is also an essential reference data for system maintenance and the newpreventive health care services development.

Signal processing method based on energy ratio for detecting leakage of SG using EVFM

Xu Wei,Xu Ke-Jun,Yan Xiao-Xue,Yu Xin-Long,Wu Jian-Ping,Xiong Wei 한국원자력학회 2020 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.52 No.8

In the sodium-cooled fast reactor, the steam generator is a heat exchange device between sodium and water, which may cause leakage, resulting in a sodium-water reaction accident, which in turn affects the safe operation of the entire nuclear reactor. To this end, the electromagnetic vortex flowmeter is used to detect leakage of the steam generator and its signal processing method is studied in this paper. The hydraulic experiment was carried out by using water instead of liquid sodium, and the sensor output signal of the electromagnetic vortex flowmeter under different gas injection volumes was collected. The bubble noise signal is reflected by the base line of the sensor output signal. According to the relationship between the proportion of the bubble noise signal in the sensor output signal and the gas injection volume, a signal processing method based on the energy ratio calculation is proposed to detect whether the water contains bubbles. The gas injection experiment of liquid sodium was conducted to verify the effectiveness of the signal processing method in the detection of bubbles in sodium, and the minimum detectable leak rate of water in the steam generator was detected to be 0.2 g/s.

The effect of washing parameters on the quantity of dye discharge from clothes

Xu Zhao,Ming Xiong,Li Jiang,Qingbo Yang,Cunling Zhou,Jianli Liu 한국의류학회 2022 Fashion and Textiles Vol.9 No.1

In this paper, the efect of washing parameters on the quantity of dye discharge from fabric dyed in highly saturated color (FSC) was discussed. Firstly, the FSC was prepared with reactive red 195 to represent the dark clothes. Secondly, the efect of the washing parameters, including washing time, washing temperature, washing water volume, the weight of FSC, and the dosage of detergent, on dye discharge was analyzed through the single factor test. Thirdly, the mathematical relationship between the quantity of dye discharge (DDQ) and the four washing parameters was discussed through the center combination experiment and response surface method. And a quadratic model was built to predict the quantity of dye discharge when the FSC were washed with diferent washing parameters. The experimental results indicated that the quantity of dye discharge was afected by the four selected washing parameters and the optimal washing parameters to reduce the quantity of dye discharge can be deduced from the quadratic model. The optimized parameters efectively reduced 0.99 mg dye discharge per liter, and the DDQ reduction rate was up to 53.5%.

Directed Evolution of Beta-galactosidase from Escherichia coli into Beta-glucuronidase

Xiong, Ai-Sheng,Peng, Ri-He,Zhuang, Jing,Liu, Jin-Ge,Xu, Fang,Cai, Bin,Guo, Zhao-Kui,Qiao, Yu-Shan,Chen, Jian-Min,Zhang, Zhen,Yao, Quan-Hong Korean Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biol 2007 Journal of biochemistry and molecular biology Vol.40 No.3

In vitro directed evolution through DNA shuffling is a powerful molecular tool for creation of new biological phenotypes. E. coli $\beta$-galactosidase and $\beta$-glucuronidase are widely used, and their biological function, catalytic mechanism, and molecular structures are well characterized. We applied an in vitro directed evolution strategy through DNA shuffling and obtained five mutants named YG6764, YG6768, YG6769, YG6770 and YG6771 after two rounds of DNA shuffling and screening, which exhibited more $\beta$-glucuronidase activity than wild-type $\beta$-galactosidase. These variants had mutations at fourteen nucleic acid sites, resulting in changes in ten amino acids: S193N, T266A, Q267R, V411A, D448G, G466A, L527I, M543I, Q626R and Q951R. We expressed and purified those mutant proteins. Compared to the wild-type protein, five mutant proteins exhibited high $\beta$-glucuronidase activity. The comparison of molecular models of the mutated and wildtype enzymes revealed the relationship between protein function and structural modification.

Chattering Free Distributed Consensus Control for Attitude Tracking of Spacecraft Formation System with Unmeasurable Angular Velocity

Miao Xu,Yi-ming Fang,Jian-Xiong Li,Xiaodong Zhao 제어·로봇·시스템학회 2020 International Journal of Control, Automation, and Vol.18 No.9

In this paper, the attitude tracking control of spacecraft formation is studied when the velocities of spacecrafts are unmeasurable. Firstly, a Finite-Time Extended State Observer (FTESO) is constructed to estimate the unmeasured angular velocity and compensate the external disturbance for each spacecraft. Secondly, a chattering free distributed consensus controller which did not require inversion of Laplacian matrix is proposed based on FTESO and Integral Nonsingular Terminal Sliding Mode (INTSM). It is proved that the proposed consensus controller can realize finite-time attitude tracking control of spacecraft by the Lyapunov stability theory. Finally, a simulation example with one leader and four followers is given. The simulation results show that the proposed consensus controller can eliminate system chattering, and provide fast finite-time convergence performance and high precision Tracking.