Enzymatic Synthesis of Theanine with Escherichia coli γ-glutamyltranspeptidase from a Series of γ-glutamyl Anilide Substrate Analogues

Hong-juan Zhang,Wei-guo Zhang,Zhi-yuan Wang,Yue-ping Zhan,Li-sheng Xu,Jun-zhong Liu,Qian Liu,Qing-cai Jiao 한국생물공학회 2013 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.18 No.2

In order to investigate the catalytic mechanism of Escherichia coli γ-glutamyltranspeptidase, ten para- and meta- substituted γ-glutamyl anilides were chemically prepared and employed as substrates to synthesize L-theanine to assay the activity of γ-glutamyltranspeptidase. The reaction was optimized for γ-glutamyl-p-nitroanilide. Key factors such as substrate specificity, pH, temperature, and the substrate mole ratio were all investigated. Kinetic studies of the acyl transfer reaction were described and the Hammett plot was constructed. This study indicated that the ratelimiting acylation reaction of γ-glutamyltranspeptidase can apparently be accelerated by either the electron-withdrawing or electron-donating substituents of γ-glutamyl anilides. The reaction could be catalyzed by the general acid and carboxy of Asp-433 or phenolic hydroxyl Tyr-444 may be the acid by autodock simulation for all prepared γ-glutamyl anilides.

DFT and TD-DFT study on structure and properties of organic dye sensitizer TA-St-CA

Cai-Rong Zhang,Zi-Jiang Liu,Yu-Hong Chen,Hong-Shan Chen,You-Zhi Wu,WangJun Feng,Dao-Bin Wang 한국물리학회 2010 Current Applied Physics Vol.10 No.1

The geometry, electronic structure, polarizability and hyperpolarizability of organic dye sensitizer TA-St-CA, which contains a π-conjugated oligo-phenylenevinylene unit with an electron donor.acceptor moiety, was studied using density functional theory (DFT), and the electronic absorption spectrum was investigated via time-dependent DFT (TD-DFT) with several hybrid functionals. The calculated geometry indicates that the strong conjugated effects are formed in the dye. The TD-DFT results show that the hybrid functional PBE1PBE and MPW1PW91 are more suitable than B3LYP for calculating electronic absorption spectra. The features of electronic absorption spectra were assigned on account of the qualitative agreement between the experiment and the calculations. The absorption bands in visible and near-UV region are related to photoinduced electron transfer processes, and the diphenylaniline group is major chromophore that contributed to the sensitization, and the interfacial electron transfer are electron injection processes from the excited dyes to the semiconductor conduction band. Compared with the similar dye D5, the good performance of TA-St-CA in dye-sensitized solar cells may be resulted from the higher energy level of the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital and the larger oscillator strengths for the most excited states with intramolecular electron transfer character.

Melatonin Attenuates Noise Stress-induced Gastrointestinal Motility Disorder and Gastric Stress Ulcer: Role of Gastrointestinal Hormones and Oxidative Stress in Rats

( Lei Zhang ),( Ji T Gong ),( Hu Q Zhang ),( Quan H Song ),( Guang H Xu ),( Lei Cai ),( Xiao D Tang ),( Hai F Zhang ),( Fang E Liu ),( Zhan S Jia ),( Hong W Zhang ) 대한소화기기능성질환·운동학회 2015 Journal of Neurogastroenterology and Motility (JNM Vol.21 No.2

Background/Aims There are increasing evidences for gastrointestinal motility disorder (GIMD) and gastric stress ulcer induced by noise stress. The present study was to investigate the reversed effect of melatonin on GIMD and gastric stress ulcer induced by noise stress and potential mechanism. Methods Noise stress was induced on rats, and melatonin (15 mg/kg) was administered to rats by intraperitoneal injection. Differences were assessed in gastric residual rate (GRR), small intestine propulsion rate (SPR), Guth injury score, cortisol, gastrointestinal hormones (calcitonin-gene-related peptide and motilin) and oxidative stress markers (superoxide dismutase and malondialde hyde) in blood plasma as well as gastric mucosa homogenate with or without melatonin. The pathological examination of gastric mucosa was also performed. Results The GRR and SPR were improved by noise stress compared with control (P < 0.05). The pathological examination and Guth injury score revealed gastric stress ulcer. Moreover, the levels of cortisol, motilin and malondialdehyde in blood plasma and malondialdehyde in gastric mucosa homogenate were increased by noise stress (P < 0.05). CGRP and superoxide dismutase activity in both of blood plasma and gastric mucosa homogenate were significantly decreased (P< 0.05). Furthermore, melatonin reversed changes in GRR, SPR, pathological examination, Guth injury score, cortisol, motilin, CGRP, superoxide dismutase activity and malondialdehyde (P < 0.05). Conclusions Melatonin is effective in reversing the GIMD and gastric stress ulcer induced by noise stress. The underlying mechanism may be involved in oxidative stress and gastrointestinal hormones. (J Neurogastroenterol Motil 2015;21:189-199)

A Generalized Formula for Elastic Shear Buckling of Trapezoidal Corrugated Web Girder

Hong-Guang Luo,Li-Ying Peng,Chan-Tao Zhang,Cheng-Xiu Cai 대한토목학회 2020 KSCE JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING Vol.24 No.10

Trapezoidal corrugated web girder is widely used. The elastic shear buckling stress is an important parameter in the design and calculation of trapezoidal corrugated web girder. Accordingly, much research has been devoted on the analysis of typical elastic global shear buckling, elastic local buckling and elastic interactive shear buckling, and the corresponding formulae existing in a variety of literature. The results of finite element analysis suggest that there is a certain deviation in the calculated values based on classical elastic shear buckling formulae. The boundary conditions of corrugated web play an important role in the calculation of elastic shear buckling. And it is found that the shear buckling modes of the actual trapezoidal corrugated web may be called the atypical buckling, which is different from typical local buckling, global buckling and interactive buckling. The existence of the atypical buckling may result in some calculation deviations for the existing formulae of elastic shear buckling. Based on the classical elastic shear buckling formulae, a generalized formula for elastic shear buckling of trapezoidal corrugated web girder is obtained by numerical simulation. It intuitively reflects the relationships among various buckling modes. The formula has high calculation reference value and will promote the research of elastic shear buckling of trapezoidal corrugated web girder.

Application Study of Fuzzy Reasoning Method for Domain Ontology

Hong Wang,Jian Li,Qingqing Zhang,Weiwei Cai 보안공학연구지원센터 2016 International Journal of Database Theory and Appli Vol.9 No.8

For the representation and reasoning of fuzzy knowledge for domain ontology, the paper presents the reasoning method based on fuzzy ontology. On a basis of the study of civil aviation emergency domain ontology, it gives fuzzy extension model of domain ontology based on fuzzy description logic from the perspectives of fuzzy modifiers and fuzzy concrete domains, and designs fuzzy rules by introducing weight concept and gives the representation and construction process of fuzzy rules on a basis of f-SWRL in connection with the inference application of situation analysis for civil aviation events. The experimental results show that the fuzzy extension method of domain ontology can make up for the issue that the existing domain ontology is inadequate in terms of fuzzy knowledge representation, and provide a good methodological support for making domain ontology perfect and inference application with the reasoning implementation based on fuzzy rules.

Metastasis associated genomic aberrations in stage II rectal cancer

Hong Zhao,Zhi-Zhou Shi,Rui Jiang,Dong-Bing Zhao,Hai-Tao Zhou,Jian-Wei Liang,Xin-Yu Bi,Jian-Jun Zhao,Zhi-Yu Li,Jian-Guo Zhou,Zhen Huang,Ye-Fan Zhang,Jian Wang,Xin Xu,Yan Cai,Ming-Rong Wang,Yu Zhang 한국유전학회 2016 Genes & Genomics Vol.38 No.11

Genomic aberrations of rectal carcinoma, especially DNA copy number changes associated with metastasis were largely unclear. We aim to identify the metastasis associated biomarkers in stage II rectal cancer. Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded primary tumor tissues of stage II rectal carcinoma were analyzed by array-based comparative genomic hybridization, and genomic aberrations were identified by Genomic Workbench and SAM software. Copy number changes and mRNA expressions were validated by Real-time PCR in an independent rectal cancer samples. The results showed that the most frequent gains in stage II rectal cancer were at 1q21.2-q23.1, 3p21.31, 11q12.2-q23.3, 12q24.11-q24.31, 12q13.11-q14.1 and losses in 18q11.2-q23, 17q21.33-q22, 13q31.1-q31.3, 21q21.1-q21.3, 8p23.3-p23.1 and 4q22.1-q23. Twenty-two amplifications and five homozygous deletions were also identified. We further found that S100A1 (1q21.3-q23.1), MCM7 (7q22.1) and JUND (19p13.11) were amplified and overexpressed in stage II rectal cancer. Interestingly, the genomic aberrations affected 14 signaling pathways including VEGF signaling pathway and fatty acid metabolism. Most importantly, loss of 13q31.1-q34 and gain of 1q44 were associated with distant metastasis. Our results indicated that these metastasis associated genomic changes may be useful to reveal the pathogenesis of rectal cancer metastasis and identify candidate biomarkers.

Biocatalysis and Fermentation Technology : Purification and Characterization of a Thermostable Xylanase from Paenibacillus sp. NF1 and its Application in Xylooligosaccharides Production

( Hong Chen Zheng ),( Ming Zhe Sun ),( Ling Cai Meng ),( Hai Sheng Pei ),( Xiu Qing Zhang ),( Zheng Yan ),( Wen Hui Zeng ),( Jing Sheng Zhang ),( Jin Rong Hu ),( Fu Ping Lu ),( Jun She Sun ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2014 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.24 No.4

High levels of extracellular xylanase activity (211.79 IU/mg) produced by Paenibacillus sp. NF1 were detected when it was submerged-cultured. After three consecutive purification steps using Octyl-Sepharose, Sephadex G75, and Q-Sepharose columns, a thermostable xylanase (XynNF) was purified to homogeneity and showed a molecular mass of 37 kDa according to SDS-PAGE. The specific activity of the purified XynNF was up to 3,081.05 IU/mg with a 14.55-fold purification. The activity of XynNF was stimulated by Ca2+, Ba2+, DTT, and β-mercaptoethanol, but was inhibited by Fe3+, Zn2+, Fe2+, Cu2+, SDS, and EDTA. The purified XynNF displayed a greater affinity for oat spelt xylan with the maximal enzymatic activity at 60°C and pH 6.0. XynNF, which was shown to be cellulose-free, with high stability at high temperature (70°C-80°C) and low pH range (pH 4.0-7.0), is potentially valuable for various industrial applications. The enzyme hydrolyzed oat spelt xylan to yield mainly xylooligosaccharides (95.8%) of 2-4 degree of polymerization (DP2-4). Moreover, the majority of the xylooligosacharides (DP2- 4) products was xylobiose (61.5%). The thermostable xylanase (XynNF) thus seems potentially usefull in the production of xylooligosaccharides.

Perturbativity limits for scalar minimal dark matter with Yukawa interactions: Septuplet

Cai, Chengfeng,Huang, Ze-Min,Kang, Zhaofeng,Yu, Zhao-Huan,Zhang, Hong-Hao American Physical Society 2015 PHYSICAL REVIEW D - Vol.92 No.11

Surfactant-stripped naphthalocyanines for multimodal tumor theranostics with upconversion guidance cream

Zhang, Yumiao,Hong, Hao,Sun, Boyang,Carter, Kevin,Qin, Yiru,Wei,Wang, Depeng,Jeon, Mansik,Geng, Jumin,Nickles, Robert J.,Chen, Guanying,Prasad, Paras N.,Kim, Chulhong,Xia, Jun,Cai, Weibo,Lovell, Jonat The Royal Society of Chemistry 2017 Nanoscale Vol.9 No.10

<P>Surfactant-stripped, nanoformulated naphthalocyanines (nanonaps) can be formed with Pluronic F127 and low temperature membrane processing, resulting in dispersed frozen micelles with extreme contrast in the near infrared region. Here, we demonstrate that nanonaps can be used for multifunctional cancer theranostics. This includes lymphatic mapping and whole tumor photoacoustic imaging following intradermal or intravenous injection in rodents. Without further modification, pre-formed nanonaps were used for positron emission tomography and passively accumulated in subcutaneous murine tumors. Because the nanonaps used absorb light beyond the visible range, a topical upconversion skin cream was developed for anti-tumor photothermal therapy with laser placement that can be guided by the naked eye.</P>

The alum-processing mechanism attenuating toxicity of Araceae Pinellia ternata and Pinellia pedatisecta

Hongli Yu,Hao Wu,Yaozong Pan,Xiuyun Ge,Qian Zhang,Fagen Zhu,Baochang Cai 대한약학회 2015 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.38 No.10

The present study aimed at investigating thealum-processing mechanism attenuating toxicity of AraceaePinellia ternata and Pinellia pedatisecta. Animalretroperitoneal inflammatory model in vivo andmacrophagocyte release inflammatory factor model in vitrowere used to detect the effect of alum processing onraphides and lectin. Scanning electron microscopy wasused to observe the change in raphides during processing;HPLC method was used to determine the correlation betweenthe dissolution and corrosion of raphides and ion inthe alum solution; 27Al-NMR technology was used to detectthe relationship between aluminum oxalate complexformation and the dissolved and corrosion of raphides. Thechange in protein peptide sequence of lectin during theprocessing of alum solution was determined by ShotgunLC–MS assay. Raphides induced severe rabbit conjunctivaledema and an intraperitoneal injection of lectin increasedPGE2 and protein in mice peritoneal exudate, whiledecreased after treatment with alum solution processing. During the processing raphides was dissolved and corroded,then its structure was damaged. Raphides was soaked inthe alum solution and significantly decreased the oxalatecontent, and the effect was related with Al3? in the alum. Al3? in the alum combined with C2O42- of raphides into astable complex compound promoted the dissolution ofcalcium oxalate. Raphides soaked in the alum made lectinproteins dissolve, whereas protein peptide sequence oflectin was changed and the protein structure was damaged. Conclusion: Alum solution could decrease the toxicity ofP. ternata (Thunb.) Breit. and P. pedatisecta Schott. Sinceit made a special crystal structure of raphides damage andthe protein of lectin dissolve. The structure of toxic substancessignificantly changed, which decreased the inflammatoryeffect.