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Natural Products from Garcinia brasiliensis as Leishmania Protease Inhibitors
Ivan O. Pereira,Diego M. Assis,Maria A. Juliano,Rodrigo L.O.R. Cunha,Clara L. Barbieri,Luis V.S. do Sacramento,Marcos J. Marques,Marcelo H. dos Santos 한국식품영양과학회 2011 Journal of medicinal food Vol.14 No.6
The infections by protozoans of the genus Leishmania are a major worldwide health problem, with high endemicity in developing countries. The drugs of choice for the treatment of leishmaniasis are the pentavalent antimonials, which cause renal and cardiac toxicity. As part of a search for new drugs against leishmaniasis, we evaluated the in vitro Leishmania protease inhibition activity of extracts (hexanic, ethyl-acetate, and ethanolic) and fukugetin, a bioflavonoid purified from the ethyl-acetate extract of the pericarp of the fruit of Garcinia brasiliensis, a tree native to Brazilian forests. The isolated compound was characterized by using spectral analyses with nuclear magnetic resonance, mass spectroscopy, ultraviolet, and infrared techniques. The ethyl-acetate extract and the compound fukugetin showed significant activity as inhibitors of Leishmania's proteases, with mean (±SD) IC50 (50% inhibition concentration of protease activity) values of 15.0±1.3 μg/mL and 3.2±0.5 μM/mL, respectively, characterizing a bioguided assay. In addition, this isolated compound showed no activity against promastigote and amastigote forms of L. (L.) amazonensis and mammalian cells. These results suggest that fukugetin is a potent protease inhibitor of L. (L.) amazonensis and does not cause toxicity in mammalian or Leishmania cells in vitro. This study provides new perspectives on the development of novel drugs that have leishmanicidal activity obtained from natural products and that target the parasite's proteases.
Marqués-Sánchez Pilar,Cummings Greta,Martínez-Fernández María Cristina,Martínez-Gimeno María Lara,López María,Serrano-Fuentes Néstor 한국간호과학회 2020 Asian Nursing Research Vol.14 No.2
Purpose: To analyze the leadership network structure among nursing leaders in Spain identified through the Grupo40Enfermeras y Universidad event. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study using social network analysis was used. Study sample consisted of 210 individuals, of whom 119 received nominations as referents. Structural analysis of the network was conducted using centrality and cohesion. Results: A network structure was generated in which different leadership strategies were identified through InDegree, Eigenvector, and Betweenness Centrality. Five leaders were identified as bridges to other individuals using Betweenness. The whole network presented little cohesion although two highly cohesive cores were detected by K-core measurements. Conclusion: A strategy is needed to support nursing leaders with high degree of Betweenness to serve as bridges to connect other nursing leaders
Mario L. Marques-Piubelli,Roberto N. Miranda 대한병리학회 2023 Journal of Pathology and Translational Medicine Vol.57 No.4
The overview of the upcoming Blue Book of the 5th edition of the World Health Organization Classification of Hematolymphoid Tumors was published in Leukemia in June 2022. The updates on mature T-/NK-cell lymphomas and leukemias are organized in nine groups based on cell of origin, morphology, clinical scenario, and localization, and are highlighted in this newsletter.
Michael W. Harding,Lyriam L. R. Marques,Nick Allan,Merle E. Olson,Brenton Buziak,Patricia Nadworny,Amin Omar,Ronald J. Howard,Jie Feng 한국식물병리학회 2022 Plant Pathology Journal Vol.38 No.4
Bacterial wilt is a re-emerging disease on dry bean and can affect many other crop species within the Fabaceae. The causal agent, Curtobacterium flaccumfaciens pv. flaccumfaciens (CFF), is a small, Gram-positive, rodshaped bacterium that is seed-transmitted. Infections in the host become systemic, leading to wilting and economic loss. Clean seed programs and bactericidal seed treatments are two critical management tools. This study characterizes the efficacies of five bactericidal chemicals against CFF. It was hypothesized that this bacterium was capable of forming biofilms, and that the cells within biofilms would be more tolerant to bactericidal treatments. The minimum biocide eradication concentration assay protocol was used to grow CFF biofilms, expose the biofilms to bactericides, and enumerate survivors compared to a non-treated control (water). Streptomycin and oxysilver bisulfate had EC95 values at the lowest concentrations and are likely the best candidates for seed treatment products for controlling seed-borne bacterial wilt of bean. The results showed that CFF formed biofilms during at least two phases of the bacterial wilt disease cycle, and the biofilms were much more difficult to eradicate than their planktonic counterparts. Overall, biofilm formation by CFF is an important part of the bacterial wilt disease cycle in dry edible bean and antibiofilm bactericides such as streptomycin and oxysilver bisulfate may be best suited for use in disease management.
R. Beygi,R. Carbas,A. Queiros,E. A. S. Marques,R. Shi,L. F. M. da Silva 대한금속·재료학회 2022 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.28 No.8
Steel (St) and aluminum (Al) have a high affinity to each other and form intermetallic compounds (IMCs) when bonded byfriction stir welding (FSW). Understanding the effect of alloying elements of steel on the formation of IMCs will help todesign joints in which the formation of IMCs is controlled. In this study, two kinds of steel, carbon steel (CS) and austeniticstainless steel (SS) with 3 mm thickness, were selected to be welded to aluminum by FSW under similar conditions. Theeffect of the rotation speed of the FSW tool was also examined in the range of 850–1300 RPM. The morphology, thickness,and composition of IMCs in the interfaces were studied by various characterization techniques. It was observed that theIMC layers in the SS/Al joints were much thinner than the ones in CS/Al joints (0.1–0.7 μm in SS/Al and 2–6 μm in CS/Al). Moreover, the thickness of IMC layer in CS/Al joints increased with increasing the rotation speed while in SS/Al jointsit began to decline by exceeding a certain rotation speed. In order to explain these differences, diffusion-based equationswere used to calculate the interdiffusion coefficients in both SS/Al and CS/Al couples. It was found that the interdiffusioncoefficient in SS/Al was lower than CS/Al. This was attributed to the alloying elements of SS such as Ni and Cr which candiffuse to IMC layer and hinder the growth rate of IMCs. It was also observed that some form of liquation occurred in SS/Al joints at high rotation speed of FSW due to the formation of a low-melting multielement compound of Al–Fe–Cr–Ni. The decline of IMC thickness in SS/Al joints at high rotation speed was attributed to this multielement compound whichwas melted during FSW and reduced the nucleation rate of Al–Fe IMCs. Finally, the fracture of the specimens and the effectof IMC formation on the joint establishment were elaborated. It was concluded that the alloying elements of steel have abeneficial effect on controlling the growth of IMCs.
Daniel B. Rodrigues,Helena R. Moreira,Mariana T. Cerqueira,Alexandra P. Marques,António G. Castro,Rui L. Reis,Rogério P. Pirraco 한국생체재료학회 2022 생체재료학회지 Vol.26 No.4
Background: T cell priming has been shown to be a powerful immunotherapeutic approach for cancer treatment in terms of efficacy and relatively weak side effects. Systems that optimize the stimulation of T cells to improve therapeutic efficacy are therefore in constant demand. A way to achieve this is through artificial antigen presenting cells that are complexes between vehicles and key molecules that target relevant T cell subpopulations, eliciting antigenspecific T cell priming. In such T cell activator systems, the vehicles chosen to deliver and present the key molecules to the targeted cell populations are of extreme importance. In this work, a new platform for the creation of T cell activator systems based on highly tailorable nanoparticles made from the natural polymer gellan gum (GG) was developed and validated. Methods: GG nanoparticles were produced by a water in oil emulsion procedure, and characterized by dynamic light scattering, high resolution scanning electronic microscopy and water uptake. Their biocompatibility with cultured cells was assessed by a metabolic activity assay. Surface functionalization was performed with anti-CD3/CD28 antibodies via EDC/NHS or NeutrAvidin/Biotin linkage. Functionalized particles were tested for their capacity to stimulate CD4+ T cells and trigger T cell cytotoxic responses. Results: Nanoparticles were approximately 150 nm in size, with a stable structure and no detectable cytotoxicity. Water uptake originated a weight gain of up to 3200%. The functional antibodies did efficiently bind to the nanoparticles, as confirmed by SDS-PAGE, which then targeted the desired CD4+ populations, as confirmed by confocal microscopy. The developed system presented a more sustained T cell activation over time when compared to commercial alternatives. Concurrently, the expression of higher levels of key cytotoxic pathway molecules granzyme B/perforin was induced, suggesting a greater cytotoxic potential for future application in adoptive cancer therapy. Conclusions: Our results show that GG nanoparticles were successfully used as a highly tailorable T cell activator system platform capable of T cell expansion and re-education.
Usability and Evaluation of a Deployed 4G Network Prototype
Cuevas Antonio,Serrano Pablo,Moreno Jose I.,Bernardos Carlos J.,Jahnert Jurgen,Aguiar Rui L.,Marques Victor The Korea Institute of Information and Commucation 2005 Journal of communications and networks Vol.7 No.2
This article presents a field evaluation of an IP-based architecture for heterogeneous environments that has been developed under the aegis of the Moby Dick project, covering UMTS-like (universal mobile telecommunications system) TD-CDMA (time division-code division multiple access) wireless access technology, wireless and wired LANs. The architecture treats all transmission capabilities as basic physical and data-link layers, and replaces all higher-level tasks by IP-based strategies. The Moby Dick architecture incorporates mobile IPv6, fast handovers, AAA-control (authentication, authorisation, accounting), charging and quality of service (QoS) in an integrated framework. The architecture further allows for optimised control on the radio link layer resources. It has been implemented and tested by expert users, and evaluated by real users on field trials with multiple services available.