Investigate the Effect of Potassium on Nodule Symbiosis and Uncover an HAK/KUP/KT Member, GmHAK5, Strongly Responsive to Root Nodulation in Soybean

Liu Jianjian,Liu Jinhui,Cui Miaomiao,Chen Xiao,Liu Junli,Chen Jiadong,Chen Aiqun,Xu Guohua 한국식물학회 2022 Journal of Plant Biology Vol.65 No.6

Leguminous plants form root nodule organs with soil rhizobia bacteria, which can fix atmospheric nitrogen (N2) and supply ammonia to the host plant. It is established that the symbiotic N fixation efficiency is substantially influenced by plant nutrients, such as molybdenum (Mo), phosphorus (P), copper (Cu), and zinc (Zn). Potassium (K+) is the most abundant cation in plant cells; however, little evidence regarding the potential link between K nutrition and symbiotic N fixation efficiency is available to date. Here, we showed that K+ deficiency reduced the efficiency of symbiotic nitrogen fixation, and inoculated with rhizobia strain USDA110 could improve plant K+ acquisition. Furthermore, we identified a potassium transporter gene (GmHAK5) that was highly expressed in the root steles and in the vasculature cells of nodules. The GmHAK5 protein was localized at the plasma membrane and could rescue the growth phenotype of yeast K+ uptake-defective mutant. The results obtained from this study provides new insights for the understanding of the potential role of K+ nutrition in modulating symbiotic N fixation in soybean.

Chemical Constituents from Leaves of Pileostegia viburnoides Hook.f.et Thoms

Xiao Jun Li,Zu Zhen Liu,김관우,Xiang Wang,Zhi Li,김윤철,Chang Soo yook,Xiang Qian Liu 한국생약학회 2016 Natural Product Sciences Vol.22 No.3

Phytochemical investigation on the leaves of Pileostegia viburnoides Hook.f.et Thoms led to the isolation of twenty-five compounds, and their structures were identified as n-dotriacontane (1), taraxeryl acetate (2), friedelin (3), epifriedelinol (4), canophyllal (5), stigmast-4-en-3-one (6), stigmasterol (7), (24R)-5A-stigmastane- 3,6-dione (8), ursolic acid (9), pomolic acid (10), umbelliferone (11), 4-epifriedelin (12), n-octatriacontanol (13), b-amyrin (14), a-amyrin (15), taraxerol (16), nonadecanol (17), friedelane (18), arachic acid (19), protocatechuic acid (20), n-pentatriacontanol (21), hexadecanoic acid (22), vincosamide (23), daucosterol (24), and skimming (25), respectively. To our best knowledge, compounds 1, 2, 12, 13, 17 - 19 and 21-23 were new within Saxifragaceae family. Compounds 15, 16, and 20 were produced from this genus for the first time. Compounds 4, 14 and 25 were first obtained from species P. viburnoides and compounds 3, 5 - 11, and 24 were achieved from the leaves of P. viburnoides for the first time. Furthermore, the anti-neuroinflammatory activity of these isolates was evaluated.

Learning with Information Entropy Method for Transportation Image Retrieval

Liu Xiao-jun,Li Qing-ling,Li Yong-jian,Li Jun-yi 보안공학연구지원센터 2015 International Journal of Multimedia and Ubiquitous Vol.10 No.7

As a new learning framework, Multi-Instance learning is labeled recently and has successfully found application in vision classification. A novel Multi-instance bag generating method is presented in this paper on basis of Gaussian Mixed Model. The generated GMM model composes not only color but also the locally stable unchangeable components. It is frequently named as MI bag by researchers. Besides, another method called Agglomerative Information Bottleneck clustering is applied to replace the MIL problem with the help of single-instance learning ones. Meanwhile, single-instance classifiers are employed for classification. Finally, ensemble learning is adopted to strengthen classifiers’ generalization ability of RBM (Restricted Boltzmann Machine) as the base classifier. On the basis of large-scale datasets, this method is tested and the corresponding result shows that our method provides high accuracy and good performance for image annotation, feature matching and example-based object-classification.

Annual Financial Impact of Thyroidectomies for Nodular Thyroid Disease in China

Liu, Xiao-Yun,Zhu, Li-Jun,Cui, Dai,Wang, Zhi-Xiao,Chen, Huan-Huan,Duan, Yu,Shen, Mei-Ping,Zhang, Zhi-Hong,Wang, Xiao-Dong,Chen, Jia-Wei,Alexander, Erik Karl,Yang, Tao Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.14

A large proportion of patients with thyroid nodules in China undergo thyroidectomy in order to get confirmatory histology diagnosis. The financial impact of this modality remains to be investigated. To evaluate rationality of performing thyroidectomy without a routine FNA preoperatively from the economic perspective, we conducted a retrospective, observational study of all archival thyroidectomies with records of cost per stay (CPS), cost per day (CPD) and length of stay (LOS) from 2008 to 2013 in the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University. We compared all the parameters between cancer and non-cancer thyroidectomies. We recruited 6, 140 thyroidectomies with valid records of CPS, CPD and LOS in this period. The CPS of cancer thyroidectomy was significantly higher than non-cancer thyroidectomy. The percentage of cancer thyroidectomy increased from 26.5% to 41.6%. The percentage of annual cost of cancer thyroidectomies rose from 30.2% to 45.2%. The LOS for cancer and non-cancer thyroidectomy decreased while the CPD increased in the past six years. The estimated national cost in 2012 for all thyroidectomies would be USD 1.86 billion with USD 1.09 billion for non-cancer thyroidectomies. We have witnessed great improvement in the healthcare for patients with thyroid nodules in China. However, given limited healthcare resources, currently thyroid FNA for more precise preoperative diagnosis may help to curb the rapidly increasing demand in healthcare costs in the future for nodular thyroid disease in China.

Anti-inflammatory Activities of Lupane-triterpenoids In Vitro and Their Phytochemical Fingerprinting from Leaves of Acanthopanax gracilistylus

Xiao Jun Li,Ling Dai,Zhi Li,Xiao Dan Zhang,Xiang Qian Liu,Qin Peng Zou,Xia Xie 한국생약학회 2015 Natural Product Sciences Vol.21 No.2

The activities on the inhibition of NO on LPS-induced RAW 264.7 macrophages were investigated in this work. A simple and sensitive method has been developed and validated for fingerprinting analysis of leaves of Acanthopanax gracilistylus W.W. Smith (AGS). The cytotoxicity and inhibition of NO on LPS-induced RAW 264.7 cells of the extract and triterpenoids were determined. Optimal conditions of HPLC analysis were established as follows. The separation was performed with an ODS-C18 column at 30 oC, the detected wavelength was 210 nm, the flow rate was 1 mL/min, and the mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile (0.05% phosphoric acid) -0.05% phosphoric acid solution with gradient elution. Our results showed that impressic acid and acankoreaogenin was more effective on the inhibition of NO than the methanol extract and other compounds. There were seventeen peaks coexisted with similarities above 0.95 and nine lupane-triterpenoids including acankoreaogenin and impressic acid detected and identified. The result of anti-inflammatory activities provides a potential explanation for the use of AGS leaves as a herbal medicine in the treatment of inflammatory diseases. Our results also show that acankoreanogenin and impressic acid may be potentially useful in developing new anti-inflammatory agents. In addition, the fingerprint chromatography clearly illustrated and confirmed the material basis for the anti-inflammatory activities of this plant.

Influences of Bridge Group on Thermal and Mechanical Properties of Epoxy Resins

Liu Yuan,Zhao Jun,Liu Ai-Qin,Liu Xiao-Qing,Luo Jun 한국고분자학회 2020 폴리머 Vol.44 No.4

In order to obtain thermosetting epoxy resin, it is the prerequisite condition that the epoxy precursor must contain at least two epoxy groups. Thus, bridge group is needed to link the epoxy groups, and naturally, the chemical structure of the bridge group may also influence the thermomechanical performances of the cured epoxy resin. However, literature about the effects of bridge group on properties of cured epoxy is seldom published. To fill the gap, three model epoxy monomers containing different bridge groups have been synthesized from 4,4"-dihydroxydiphenyl, 1,1-bis(4- hydroxyphenyl)cyclohexane and bisphenol A in this work. After chemical structure confirmation, all of the monomers are cured by methylhexahydrophthalic anhydride (HMMPA), and the properties of the obtained cured network are evaluated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), dynamic thermomechanical analysis (DMA), tensile test and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The results show that bulky bridge group can effectively increase the glass transition temperature, enhance the tensile strength, and enlarge elongation at break of the cured epoxy resin.

Study on Influences and Elimination of Test Temperature on PDC Characteristic Spectroscopy of Oil-Paper Insulation System

Xiao Liu,Ruijin Liao,Yandong Lv,Jiefeng Liu,Jun Gao,Jian Hao 대한전기학회 2015 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.10 No.3

Test temperature is an important factor affecting the measurement results of dielectric response of field power transformers. In order to better apply the polarization and depolarization current (PDC) to the condition monitoring of oil-paper insulation system in power transformers, the influences and elimination method of test temperature on PDC characteristic spectroscopy (PDC-CS) were investigated. Firstly, the experimental winding sample was measured by PDC method at different test temperatures, then the PDC-CS was obtained from the measurement results and its changing rules were discussed, which show that the PDC-CS appears a horizontal mobility with the rise of temperature. Based on the rules, the “time temperature shift technique” was introduced to eliminate the influence of test temperature. It is shown that the PDC-CS at different test temperatures can be converted to the same reference temperature coincident with each other.

Up-regulating of RASD1 and Apoptosis of DU-145 Human Prostate Cancer Cells Induced by Formononetin in Vitro

Liu, Xiao-Jia,Li, Yun-Qian,Chen, Qiu-Yue,Xiao, Sheng-Jun,Zeng, Si-En Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.6

Prostate cancer is one of the most prevalent malignant cancers in men. The isoflavone formononetin is a main active component of red clover plants. In the present study, we assessed the effect of formononetin on human prostate cancer DU-145 cells in vitro, and elucidated posssible mechanisms. DU-145 cells were treated with different concentrations of formononetin and cell proliferation was assessed by MTT assay, cell apoptosis by Hoechst 33258 and flow cytometry, and protein levels of RASD1, Bcl-2 and Bax by Western blotting. The results showed that formononetin inhibited the proliferation of DU-145 cells in a dose-dependent manner. DU-145 cells treated with different concentrations of formononetin displayed obvious morphological changes of apoptosis under fluorescence microscopy. In addition, formononetin increased the proportion of early apoptotic DU-145 cells, down-regulated the protein levels of Bcl-2 and up-regulated those of RASD1 and Bax. The level of RASD1 reached its maximum at 48h post-treatment, and rapidly decreased thereafter. Together, we present evidence that formononetin triggered cell apoptosis through the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway by up-regulating RASD1.

Knockdown of the olfactory co-receptor Orco impairsmate recognition in Tenebrio molitor (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae)

Xiao-Ming Liu,Bang-Xian Zhang,Shi-Guang Li,Xiang-Jun Rao,Dong-MingWang,Xiao-Xuan Hu,Su Liu 한국응용곤충학회 2016 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.19 No.2

The yellow mealworm beetle, Tenebrio molitor (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae), is a common insect pest that damages stored grain. The insect olfactory co-receptor (Orco) is a transmembrane protein localized on the surface of the dendrites of olfactory sensory neurons and plays an essential role in the olfactory perception. In this study, an Orco ortholog (named as Tmol\Orco) inT.molitorwas characterized. The deduced amino acid sequence of Tmol\Orco shared significant high identities with Orcos in other insect species from distinct Orders. Reverse transcription quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) analysis showed that Tmol\Orco was predominantly expressed in the antennae of both male and female adults, and the difference between male antennae and female antennae was not significant. Double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) directly against the Tmol\Orco mRNA was synthesized and injected into the T. molitor male adults, RT-qPCR results demonstrated that the transcription level of Tmol\Orco was significantly reduced at 6 d after the injection. The mate-seeking behavior of Tmol\Orco-silenced beetles was significantly inhibited. Compare to the control individuals, the percentage of Tmol\Orco-silenced beetles successfully find mateswas significantly decreased and the average time they spent for searching were significantly increased. These results provided first direct evidence that suppression of Tmol\Orco transcription contributes to the decline in mate recognition of T. molitor

Study on Influences and Elimination of Test Temperature on PDC Characteristic Spectroscopy of Oil-Paper Insulation System

Liu, Xiao,Liao, Ruijin,Lv, Yandong,Liu, Jiefeng,Gao, Jun,Hao, Jian The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers 2015 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.10 No.3

Test temperature is an important factor affecting the measurement results of dielectric response of field power transformers. In order to better apply the polarization and depolarization current (PDC) to the condition monitoring of oil-paper insulation system in power transformers, the influences and elimination method of test temperature on PDC characteristic spectroscopy (PDC-CS) were investigated. Firstly, the experimental winding sample was measured by PDC method at different test temperatures, then the PDC-CS was obtained from the measurement results and its changing rules were discussed, which show that the PDC-CS appears a horizontal mobility with the rise of temperature. Based on the rules, the “time temperature shift technique” was introduced to eliminate the influence of test temperature. It is shown that the PDC-CS at different test temperatures can be converted to the same reference temperature coincident with each other.