Remote sensing of early-stage green tide in the Yellow Sea for floating-macroalgae collecting campaign

Xing, Qianguo,Wu, Lingling,Tian, Liqiao,Cui, Tingwei,Li, Lin,Kong, Fanzhou,Gao, Xuelu,Wu, Mengquan Elsevier 2018 Marine pollution bulletin Vol.133 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>The world's largest green tide originated from the Jiangsu Shoal of the Yellow Sea was due to fast reproduction of floating green macroalgae (<I>Ulva prolifera</I>). It brought significant impacts on marine environment and ecosystem in the Yellow Sea. In this study, we examined the expansion of green tide from the Jiangsu Shoal during the period from 29 April to 25 June 2016. Using high-resolution satellite images, we revealed a declined growth rate during the northward drifting of early-stage green tide for the first time, i.e., the green tide had higher growth rate (up to 25% per day) in the turbid waters of the Jiangsu Shoal in May and a lower growth rate (low to 3% per day) in the relatively clear waters in the middle of the western Yellow Sea in June, which suggests that water clarity might not be the key factor controlling the growth rate of the floating macroalgae in the surface waters under natural conditions. The high growth rate led to shortened time windows for controlling the green tide by employing macroalgae collecting campaigns at the initial sites of the green tide, which was no more than 14 days in the 2016 case.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Using high-resolution satellite image for detecting early-stage green tide </LI> <LI> Found changing growth rate of green tide </LI> <LI> Assessed the countermeasure of collecting floating-macroalgae at the initial sites </LI> </UL> </P>

Reduction in SBPase Activity by Antisense RNA in Transgenic Rice Plants: Effect on Photosynthesis, Growth, and Biomass Allocation at Different Nitrogen Levels

Lingling Feng,Hui Li,Jingmei Jiao,Ding Li,Li Zhou,Jian Wan,Yangsheng Li 한국식물학회 2009 Journal of Plant Biology Vol.52 No.5

Rice cultivar zhonghua11 (Oryza sativa L. ssp. japonica) plants with decreased sedoheptulose-1, 7- bisphosphatase (SBPase) were obtained by transformation with the rice SBPase antisense gene under the control of the maize ubiquitin promoter. The transgenic and wild-type plants were grown at different nitrogen levels (0.1, 1, or 10 mM NH4NO3). Growth rates of the seedlings were measured by the changes in dry weight, and the photosynthetic carbon reduction activities and the potential efficiency of photosystem II were measured by CO2 assimilation and Fv/Fm, respectively. At low N, there are strong effects on growth and photosynthesis when SBPase was reduced by genetic manipulation. Decreased SBPase activity led to a decrease in the amount of starch accumulated in the leaves at all N levels and the decrease was much more prominent in low N than that in high N, but the starch allocation between shoot and root was unaltered. The analysis of chlorophyll fluorescence and SBPase activity indicated that the decrease of growth and photosynthesis at different N levels were not related to the function of PSII but to the activity of SBPase. Western blot analysis showed the content of SBPase in thylakoid membranes was much more than in the stroma fractions in transgenic plants at low N. Results suggested that low N in addition to a 34% decrease in SBPase activity is sufficient to diminish photosynthesis and limit biomass production. Decreased SBPase activity may reduce the N use efficiency of photosynthesis and growth and alter biomass allocation.

Discrete Element Simulation Study on Particle Segregation Effect of a Hemispherical Shell Swing-Oscillating Trough Under Combination Swing-Oscillating

Lingling Li,Zhenghai Liu,Jiaye Xu,Xuedong Ma 한국전기전자재료학회 2020 Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Material Vol.21 No.3

In order to enhance the segregation eff ect of material particles in a hemispherical shell swing-oscillating trough under combination swing-oscillating, by means of three dimensional discrete element method, and by use of the two-dimensional dry granules of plastic ball and steel ball, the discrete element simulation study of particle segregation process is carried out in turn in three cases, which is composed of a single swing-oscillating in smooth trough, a combination swing-oscillating in smooth trough, and a combination swing-oscillating in adding bulge trough. The particle segregation eff ect was evaluated by particle volume concentration and combined with segregation cloud picture simulated. The result indicates that segregation effect of combination swing-oscillating is better than that in single swing-oscillating; layering eff ect of the trough added bulge is better than that in the smooth trough. And compared to single swing-oscillating in smooth trough, the degree of segregation of particles in added bulge trough can be increased by 10–15% when being combination swing-oscillating.

Effect of additives on structure and corrosion resistance of ceramic coatings on Mg–Li alloy by micro-arc oxidation

Shi Lingling,Xu Yongjun,Li Kang,Yao Zhongping,Wu Songquan 한국물리학회 2010 Current Applied Physics Vol.10 No.3

In order to improve the corrosion resistance of ceramic coatings formed on Mg–5mass%Li substrate by micro-arc oxidation (MAO) method, two kinds of additives (Na2B4O7 and EDTA) were doped in Na2SiO3–Na3PO4 solution system. The surface and cross-section morphology feature, phase composition and elemental composition were examined by SEM, XRD and EDX, respectively. Corrosion resistance of ceramic coating was tested by electrochemical methods. It was revealed that all coatings were composed of MgO and Mg2SiO4, and had porous surface structure. Doping of additives had little effect on the elemental composition, while it influenced the morphological feature of the coating. The results of electrochemical tests showed that the coatings prepared in the solutions with additive had good corrosion resistance. The addition of EDTA to the solution made coatings thinner and more uniform which resulted in better general corrosion resistance. The addition of Na2B4O7 to the solution made coatings much thicker and compacter, which improved the pitting corrosion resistance.

Comprehensive transcriptome analysis discovers novel candidate genes related to leaf color in a Lagerstroemia indica yellow leaf mutant

Ya Li,Zhenyu Zhang,Peng Wang,Shu’an Wang,Lingling Ma,Linfang Li,Rutong Yang,Yuzhu Ma,Qing Wang 한국유전학회 2015 Genes & Genomics Vol.37 No.10

Lagerstroemia indica is a popular woody ornamental plant throughout the world. However, relatively little is known about the molecular processes regulating leaf color in L. indica compared with other ornamental plants. Although yellow leaf mutants from various organisms have been well characterized, L. indica yellow leaf mutant has not yet been reported. In this study, a L. indica yellow leaf mutant, named YL03, was characterized and its leaf transcriptome was sequenced. A total of 30,712,752 reads were generated and assembled de novo into 45,308 unigenes with an average length of 987.51 bp. Among these unigenes, 21,339 (47.10 %) were identified as putative homologs of annotated sequences in public databases. A total of 79 unigenes involved in chlorophyll biosynthesis and degradation, photosynthesis and chloroplast development were identified. The expression levels of those genes were detected using quantitative real-time PCR in this study. Among those genes, 11 unigenes showed highly significant difference in the mutant compared to wild type plants. Conclusively, the leaf color formation is greatly affected by the activity of chloroplast development and chlorophyll metabolism. And the possible formation pathway of yellow leaf mutant is deduced based on our results.

Towards Attacks and Defenses of Anonymous Communication Systems

Tianbo Lu,Puxin Yao1,Lingling Zhao,Yang Li,Feng Xie,Yamei Xia 보안공학연구지원센터 2015 International Journal of Security and Its Applicat Vol.9 No.1

Anonymous communication system has been hot topic in the field of information security, and attack techniques against anonymous systems are endless. This paper first classifies and summarizes the study of attacks against anonymous communication system in recent years, then analyzes the trend of the research on different attack technologies; secondly, it provides a comparative analysis of defense capability the mainstream anonymous communication system to the various attacks; Finally, combining the advantages and disadvantages of different systems, the authors propose an improved node selection and router forwarding algorithms for anonymous communication systems, and design an architecture of anonymous communications software based on the algorithm.

Preparation of Intumescent Flame Retardant Poly(butylene succinate) Using Urea Intercalated Kaolinite as Synergistic Agent

Lingling Gu,Sheng Zhang,Hongfei Li,Jun Sun,WuFei Tang,Liqian Zhao,Xiaoyu Gu 한국섬유공학회 2019 Fibers and polymers Vol.20 No.8

Urea (U) was successfully intercalated into Kaolinite (Kaol) and the product K-U was introduced intopoly(butylene succinate) (PBS)/intumescent flame retardants (IFR) by melt blending. The structure of K-U was characterizedby X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The flame retardancy, thermal degradation,and combustion behavior of PBS composites were characterized by limiting oxygen index (LOI), vertical burning test to getUL-94 rating, thermogravimetricanalysis (TGA), and cone calorimeter test (Cone). With the introduction of K-U and IFRinto PBS, the LOI obviously increased from 21.9 % for neat PBS to 40.1 % for composite containing 20 wt% IFR/5 wt% KU;PBS cannot pass any UL-94 rating but the composite passed UL-94 V-0 rating. Similarly, the peak heat release rate(PHRR) in cone test decreased from 576 kW/m2 to 292 kW/m2. SEM results showed the char of the composite became morecompact and smooth.

The Analysis of Reverse Logistics Model in the E-commerce Models

Lingling-Chen,Wei-Li,Huiying-Zhan 보안공학연구지원센터 2016 International Journal of Grid and Distributed Comp Vol.9 No.9

The computer networks have rapidly developed, and its field of application is also vigorously rising for the past many years, especially electronic commerce. However, due to each link of the supply chain will return a large number of products, so e-commerce model in reverse logistics becomes the first difficult problem. In order to solve the problem of the return of enterprise products, we apply the principles of efficiency savings, and allow more businesses to benefit. Meanwhile Reverse Logistics Model concept came into being. This paper focuses on the background of reverse logistics and the current problems, in the same time, conduct a detailed analysis of reverse logistics model. We adopt QS_R strategies to improve and provide case which let people understand easily. Through this research we hope that government agencies and businesses can make more highly valued the importance of reverse logistics, and have a preliminary understanding reverse logistics models. Our aim is to better make outstanding contributions to our social-economic.

AITC induces MRP1 expression by protecting against CS/CSE-mediated DJ-1 protein degradation via activation of the DJ-1/Nrf2 axis

Lingling Xu,Jie Wu,Nini Li,Chengjun Jiang,Yan Guo,Peng Cao,Dianlei Wang 대한생리학회-대한약리학회 2020 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology Vol.24 No.6

The present study aimed to examine the effect of allyl isothiocyanate (AITC) on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and to investigate whether upregulation of multidrug resistance-associated protein 1 (MRP1) associated with the activation of the PARK7 (DJ-1)/nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) axis. Lung function indexes and histopathological changes in mice were assessed by lung function detection and H&E staining. The expression levels of Nrf2, MRP1, heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), and DJ-1 were determined by immunohistochemistry, Western blotting and reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Next, the expression of DJ-1 in human bronchial epithelial (16HBE) cells was silenced by siRNA, and the effect of DJ-1 expression level on cigarette smoke extract (CSE)-stimulated protein degradation and AITC-induced protein expression was examined. The expression of DJ-1, Nrf2, HO-1, and MRP1 was significantly decreased in the wild type model group, while the expression of each protein was significantly increased after administration of AITC. Silencing the expression of DJ-1 in 16HBE cells accelerated CSE-induced protein degradation, and significantly attenuated the AITC-induced mRNA and protein expression of Nrf2 and MRP1. The present study describes a novel mechanism by which AITC induces MRP1 expression by protecting against CS/CSEmediated DJ-1 protein degradation via activation of the DJ-1/Nrf2 axis.

The Effect of Green Transformation on the Operating Efficiency of Green M&A Enterprises: Evidence from China

Lingling ZHOU,Wenqi LI,Brian Sheng-Xian TEO,Siti Khalidah Md YUSOFF 한국유통과학회 2022 The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Busine Vol.9 No.1

Environmental protection has been infused into the development of numerous fields by the Chinese government. The government’s implementation of green development has also shifted its focus to green transformation and governance of highpolluting companies. In the context of green and sustainable development, this study employs DEA data envelopment analysis to compare the operating efficiency of listed firms that implemented Green Mergers and Acquisitions (M&A) in China in 2018. The conclusions of this study are as follows: First, China’s green M&A enterprises are unevenly dispersed among the country’s east, middle, and western regions. Second, compared to before the implementation of Green M&A, operational efficiency has improved in most industries. Third, the difference in Green M&A across industries is generally favorable, showing that most organizations have improved their operational performance as a result of Green M&A implementation. In 2018, however, the gap in operating efficiency is more negative. Fourth, whereas the eastern and western areas’ operational efficiency has improved as a result of Green M&A, the central region’s has not. Based on this conclusion, this study makes recommendations for China’s future sustainable development of heavily polluted firms.