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Lee, Sung Keun,Lin, Jung-Fu,Cai, Yong Q,Hiraoka, Nozomu,Eng, Peter J,Okuchi, Takuo,Mao, Ho-Kwang,Meng, Yue,Hu, Michael Y,Chow, Paul,Shu, Jinfu,Li, Baosheng,Fukui, Hiroshi,Lee, Bum Han,Kim, Hyun Na,Yoo National Academy of Sciences 2008 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF Vol.105 No.23
<P>Silicate melts at the top of the transition zone and the core-mantle boundary have significant influences on the dynamics and properties of Earth's interior. MgSiO3-rich silicate melts were among the primary components of the magma ocean and thus played essential roles in the chemical differentiation of the early Earth. Diverse macroscopic properties of silicate melts in Earth's interior, such as density, viscosity, and crystal-melt partitioning, depend on their electronic and short-range local structures at high pressures and temperatures. Despite essential roles of silicate melts in many geophysical and geodynamic problems, little is known about their nature under the conditions of Earth's interior, including the densification mechanisms and the atomistic origins of the macroscopic properties at high pressures. Here, we have probed local electronic structures of MgSiO3 glass (as a precursor to Mg-silicate melts), using high-pressure x-ray Raman spectroscopy up to 39 GPa, in which high-pressure oxygen K-edge features suggest the formation of tricluster oxygens (oxygen coordinated with three Si frameworks; 3O) between 12 and 20 GPa. Our results indicate that the densification in MgSiO3 melt is thus likely to be accompanied with the formation of triculster, in addition to a reduction in nonbridging oxygens. The pressure-induced increase in the fraction of oxygen triclusters >20 GPa would result in enhanced density, viscosity, and crystal-melt partitioning, and reduced element diffusivity in the MgSiO3 melt toward deeper part of the Earth's lower mantle.</P>
Carboxymethyl Flavonoids and A Monoterpene Glucoside from Selaginella moellendorffii
Hong-Sheng Wang,Ling Sun,Yue-Hu Wang,Ya-Na Shi,Gui-Hua Tang,Fu-Wei Zhao,Hong-Mei Niu,Chun-Lin Long,Ling Li 대한약학회 2011 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.34 No.8
A new dihydroflavone, 5-carboxymethyl-7,4'-dihydroxyflavonone (1), and its glucoside 5-carboxymethyl-7,4'-dihydroxyflavonone-7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (2), and one new monoterpene glucoside, (4Z,6E)-2,7-dimethyl-8-hydroxyocta-4,6-dienoic acid 8-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (3), were isolated from the whole plants of Selaginella moellendorffii. Their structures were determined by spectroscopic methods and chemical transformation. Compound 2 was evaluated for the ability to enhance glucose consumption in normal and insulin-resistant L6 muscle cells induced by high concentrations of insulin and glucose. Glucose consumption in insulin-resistant cells (but not in normal cells) was increased 15.2 ± 3.3% (p < 0.01) by compound 2 at a concentration of 0.1 μM in the presence of insulin (1 nM).
The treatment effect of novel hGHRH homodimer to male infertility hamster
Xu-Dong Zhang,Xiao-Yuan Guo,Jing-Xuan Tang,Lin-Na Yue,Juan-Hui Zhang,Tao Liu,Yu-Xia Dong,Song-Shan Tang 대한생리학회-대한약리학회 2018 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology Vol.22 No.6
Extra-hypothalamic growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH) plays an important role in reproduction. To study the treatment effect of Grin (a novel hGHRH homodimer), the infertility models of 85 male Chinese hamsters were established by intraperitoneally injecting 20 mg/kg of cyclophosphamide once in a week for 5 weeks and the treatment with Grin or human menopausal gonadotropin (hMG) as positive control was evaluated by performing a 3-week mating experiment. 2-8 mg/kg of Grin and 200 U/kg of hMG showed similar effect and different pathological characteristics. Compared to the single cyclophosphamide group (0%), the pregnancy rates (H-, M-, L-Grin 26.7, 30.8, 31.3%, and hMG 31.3%) showed significant difference, but there was no difference between the hMG and Grin groups. The single cyclophosphamide group presented loose tubules with pathologic vacuoles and significant TUNEL positive cells. Grin induced less weight of body or testis, compactly aligned tubules with little intra-lumens, whereas hMG caused more weight of body or testis, enlarging tubules with annular clearance. Grin presented a dose-dependent manner or cell differentiation-dependentincrease in testicular GHRH receptor, and did not impact the levels of blood and testicular GH, testosterone. Grin promotes fertility by proliferating and differentiating primitive cells through up-regulating testicular GHRH receptor without triggering GH secretion, which might solve the etiology of oligoasthenozoospermia.
The treatment effect of novel hGHRH homodimer to male infertility hamster
Zhang, Xu-Dong,Guo, Xiao-Yuan,Tang, Jing-Xuan,Yue, Lin-Na,Zhang, Juan-Hui,Liu, Tao,Dong, Yu-Xia,Tang, Song-Shan The Korean Society of Pharmacology 2018 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology Vol.22 No.6
Extra-hypothalamic growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH) plays an important role in reproduction. To study the treatment effect of Grin (a novel hGHRH homodimer), the infertility models of 85 male Chinese hamsters were established by intraperitoneally injecting 20 mg/kg of cyclophosphamide once in a week for 5 weeks and the treatment with Grin or human menopausal gonadotropin (hMG) as positive control was evaluated by performing a 3-week mating experiment. 2-8 mg/kg of Grin and 200 U/kg of hMG showed similar effect and different pathological characteristics. Compared to the single cyclophosphamide group (0%), the pregnancy rates (H-, M-, L-Grin 26.7, 30.8, 31.3%, and hMG 31.3%) showed significant difference, but there was no difference between the hMG and Grin groups. The single cyclophosphamide group presented loose tubules with pathologic vacuoles and significant TUNEL positive cells. Grin induced less weight of body or testis, compactly aligned tubules with little intra-lumens, whereas hMG caused more weight of body or testis, enlarging tubules with annular clearance. Grin presented a dose-dependent manner or cell differentiation-dependentincrease in testicular GHRH receptor, and did not impact the levels of blood and testicular GH, testosterone. Grin promotes fertility by proliferating and differentiating primitive cells through up-regulating testicular GHRH receptor without triggering GH secretion, which might solve the etiology of oligoasthenozoospermia.
Dang-Hui Wang,Sheng-Rui Xu,Jin-Cheng Zhang,Ke Chen,Zhi-Wei Bi,Lin-Xia Zhang,Fan-Na Meng,Shan Ai,Yue Hao 한국물리학회 2012 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.61 No.4
In this study, we report on the crystal quality of InGaN epifilms with different indium fractions grown at different growth temperatures on c-plane sapphire substrates with an AlN nucleation layer by using low-pressure metal-organic chemical-vapor deposition (MOCVD). High-resolution X-ray diffraction (HRXRD), atom force microscopy (AFM), photoluminescence (PL) and Raman scattering measurements were employed to study the crystal quality, optical properties and strain condition of InGaN epifilms with increasing indium fraction (from 4.36% to 15.36%). Results show that InGaN epitaxial layers can be realized with a higher indium fraction at a lower temperature by inserting an AlN nucleation layer between the sapphire substrate and the GaN buffer layer and that the obtained InGaN epifilms have an improved crystal quality and a lower threading dislocation density.