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Tiffany Sin Hui Bong,Jun Kiat Thaddaeus Tan,Juliana Teng Swan Ho,Puay Hoon Tan,Wing Sze Lau,Tuan Meng Tan,Jill Su Lin Wong,Veronique Kiak Mien Tan,Benita Kiat Tee Tan,Preetha Madhukumar,Wei Sean Yong 한국유방암학회 2022 Journal of breast cancer Vol.25 No.1
Purpose This study identified factors predicting malignant upgrade for atypical ductal hyperplasia (ADH) diagnosed on core-needle biopsy (CNB) and developed a nomogram to facilitate evidence-based decision making. Methods This retrospective analysis included women diagnosed with ADH at the National Cancer Centre Singapore (NCCS) in 2010–2015. Cox proportional hazards regression was used to identify clinical, radiological, and histological factors associated with malignant upgrade. A nomogram was constructed using variables with the strongest associations in multivariate analysis. Multivariable logistic regression coefficients were used to estimate the predicted probability of upgrade for each factor combination. Results Between 2010 and 2015, 238,122 women underwent mammographic screening under the National Breast Cancer Screening Program. Among 29,564 women recalled, 5,971 CNBs were performed. Of these, 2,876 underwent CNBs at NCCS, with 88 patients (90 lesions) diagnosed with ADH and 26 lesions upgraded to breast malignancy on excision biopsy. In univariate analysis, factors associated with malignant upgrade were the presence of a mass on ultrasound (p = 0.018) or mammography (p = 0.026), microcalcifications (p = 0.047), diffuse microcalcification distribution (p = 0.034), mammographic parenchymal density (p = 0.008). and ≥ 3 separate ADH foci found on biopsy (p = 0.024). Mammographic parenchymal density (hazard ratio [HR], 0.04; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.005–0.35; p = 0.014), presence of a mass on ultrasound (HR, 10.50; 95% CI, 9.21–25.2; p = 0.010), and number of ADH foci (HR, 1.877; 95% CI, 1.831–1.920; p = 0.002) remained significant in multivariate analysis and were included in the nomogram. Conclusion Our model provided good discrimination of breast cancer risk prediction (C-statistic of 0.81; 95% CI, 0.74–0.88) and selected for a subset of women at low risk (2.1%) of malignant upgrade, who may avoid surgical excision following a CNB diagnosis of ADH.
Mutant IDH1 Enhances Temozolomide Sensitivity via Regulation of the ATM/CHK2 Pathway in Glioma
Lin Lin,Jinquan Cai,Zixiao Tan,Xiangqi Meng,Ruiyan Li,Yang Li,Chuanlu Jiang 대한암학회 2021 Cancer Research and Treatment Vol.53 No.2
Purpose Isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1) mutations are the most common genetic abnormalities in low-grade gliomas and secondary glioblastomas. Glioma patients with these mutations had better clinical outcomes. However, the effect of IDH1 mutation on drug sensitivity is still under debate. Materials and MethodsIDH1-R132H mutant cells were established by lentivirus. IDH1-R132H protein expression was confirmed by western blot. The expression of ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM) signaling pathway and apoptosis-related proteins were detected by immunofluorescence and western blot. Temozolomide (TMZ) induced cell apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry. Tumor cell proliferation was detected by Cell Counting Kit-8. In vivo nude mice were used to confirm the in vitro roles of IDH1 mutation.ResultsWe established glioma cell lines that expressed IDH1-R132H mutation stably. We found that TMZ inhibited glioma cells proliferation more significantly in IDH1 mutant cells compared to wild type. The IC50 of TMZ in IDH1-R132H mutant group was less than half that of wild-type group (p < 0.01). TMZ significantly induced more DNA damage (quantification of γH2AX expression in IDH1 mutation vs. wild type, p < 0.05) and apoptosis (quantification of AnnexinV+propidium iodide–cells in IDH1 mutation versus wild type, p < 0.01) in IDH1 mutant gliomas compared to wild-type gliomas. The ATM-associated DNA repair signal was impaired in IDH1 mutant cells. Inhibiting the ATM/checkpoint kinase 2DNA repair pathway further sensitized IDH1 mutant glioma cells to chemotherapy. We found that IDH1 mutation significantly inhibited tumor growth in vivo (the tumor size was analyzed statistically, p < 0.05). Moreover, we confirmed that gliomas with IDH1 mutation were more sensitive to TMZ in vivo compared to wild type significantly and the results were consistent with the in vitro experiment. ConclusionThese results provide evidence that combination of TMZ and ATM inhibitor enhances the antitumor effect in IDH1 mutant gliomas.
A Sb2Se3/Palygorskite Nanocomposite Catalyst for p-Nitrophenol Reduction
Lin Tan,Aidong Tang,Muen He,Xin Wen,Laifu Zhong,Peng Yan,Jing Chenc,Yi Zhang 성균관대학교(자연과학캠퍼스) 성균나노과학기술원 2019 NANO Vol.14 No.9
A nanocomposite consisting of rod-like Sb2Se3 and fiberous palygorskite (Pal) was prepared using cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) as a pillaring agent to change Pal microstructure. CTAB optimal dosage was 0.2 g (versus 0.388 g of Pal). Sb2Se3/Pal has a high catalytic activity towards the catalytic reduction of p-nitrophenol to p-aminophenol while in the presence of NaBH4 at room temperature. The excellent performance is attributed to dispersion of rod-like Sb2Se3 in fiberous Pal which promoted more active sites exposure. The results provide new ideas for preparing new catalysts.
탄포린 ( Tan¸ Poh Lin ) 한국보건사회연구원 2023 국제사회보장리뷰 Vol.26 No.-
이 글은 2001년부터 2023년까지 싱가포르의 결혼 및 출산율을 높이기 위한 정책적 접근 방식을 요약하고 이러한 정책의 특징을 강조한다. 싱가포르의 대표적 M&P 패키지는 기혼 부부가 둘째와 셋째를 출산하도록 장려하는 데 초점을 맞춘 초기 조치에서 벗어나 가족 형성의 다양한 단계에 있는 사람들을 지원하기 위한 훨씬 더 광범위한 혜택으로 발전했으며, 이는 여전히 진행 중이다. 이 글에서는 출산 환경에 대한 정책의 진화를 주요 정책 수단과 전체적인 제도 변화를 파악하는 방향에서 논의하고, 비고령 출산에 대한 지원이나 인적자본 이슈 등과 관련해 여전히 남아있는 정책 과제를 검토한다. This essay summarizes policy approaches towards raising marriage and fertility rates in Singapore between 2001 and 2023, and highlights distinctive features of these policies. Singapore’s signature M&P Package has come a long way from its original version of measures geared towards encouraging married couples to have second and third births, to a much wider suite of benefits aimed at supporting citizens at various stages of family formation, and remains a work in progress. The essay discusses the evolution of policies in response to the fertility landscape towards identification of key levers and implementation of broad-based institutional changes, and explores remaining policy gaps, including supporting lower ages at childbearing and the unresolved conflict with human capital policies.
Huanjia Lin,Yunqin Lin,Dehan Wang,Yuwan Pang,Fabao Zhang,Shuanhu Tan 한국공업화학회 2018 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.58 No.-
This paper focused on the ammonium removal from the digested effluent of swine wastewater (DESW) via MAP precipitation using the residue from magnesium-hydroxide flue gas desulfurization (MFGD) process as a Mg source. The MAP precipitation was proceeded in a 500-mL beaker with a magnetic stirrer. It was found that around 60% of ammonium in the DESW was removed at pH 9.5, HRT 10 min and the P:Mg:N molar ratio of 0.6:0.7:1. The NH4+ concentration (183.2 mg/L) in the DESW after MAP precipitation was lower than 200 mg L−1, being alternative for the downstream biological process. A low content of PO43− (3.64 mg L−1) and a high concentration of Mg2+ (67.17 mg L−1) were also observed in the solution. The main composition of the precipitate was proved to be MAP via XRD and SEM-EDX analysis. Besides, the total chemical cost was saved by 29.17% using the MFGD residue as a Mg source instead of the commercial MgCl2·6H2O. Hence, reusing MFGD residue as a Mg source to remove ammonium from the DESW was feasible with cost saving, resource recovery and environment protection.
Debbita Tan Ai Lin,Ambigapathy Pandian,Paramaswari Jaganathan 아시아영어교육학회 2018 The Journal of Asia TEFL Vol.15 No.2
Research supports extensive reading (ER), which draws on incidental learning, as a primary tool for second/foreign language vocabulary knowledge development. However, while it is deemed useful for vocabulary learning, the claim that ER on its own is sufficient for learners to experience significant lexical gains has been challenged. Instead, a more fitting measure appears to be a combination of incidental and intentional vocabulary learning, with ER followed by explicit vocabulary study. Given the issue of Malaysian tertiary students lacking English vocabulary knowledge, this quasi-experimental study implemented a method incorporating ER using graded readers and explicit vocabulary study (READ+) to observe its effectiveness for receptive and productive vocabulary knowledge development, as compared against another method (READ) in which only ER was utilised. The study was conducted in a Malaysian public university employing two groups of participants. Each group comprised 14 Malaysian undergraduates of the MUET Band 1 to Band 3 cohort undergoing a preparatory English language course at the university. Pre-, post- and delayed post-testings were carried out using the Vocabulary Knowledge Scale. Results from statistical analyses indicate that the READ+ group performed significantly better than the READ group for both receptive and productive vocabulary knowledge recall and retention.
Song-lin Zhou,Min Wang,Huan-ge Zhao,Yong-hao Huang,Ying-ying Lin,Guang-hong Tan,Shung-lin Chen 대한약학회 2016 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.39 No.12
Two azaphilonidal derivatives [penicilazaphilonesB (1) and C (2)], have been isolated from thefermented products of marine fungus strain Penicilliumsclerotiorum M-22, penicilazaphilones C was a new compound. The compound’s structures were identified by theanalysis of spectroscopic data including 1D and 2D NMRtechniques (1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, COSY, HMQC, andHMBC). Biological evaluation revealed that penicilazaphilonesB and C showed selective cytotoxicity againstmelanoma cells B-16 and human gastric cancer cells SGC-7901 with IC50 values of 0.291, 0.449 and 0.065,0.720 mM, respectively, while exhibiting no significanttoxicity to normal mammary epithelial cells M10 at thesame concentration. Moreover, penicilazaphilones C alsoexhibited strong antibacterial activity against Staphylococcusaureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiellapneumonia and Escherichia coli with MIC values0.037–0.150 mM, while penicilazaphilones B’s bacteriostaticaction was weaker.
Chung, Ting Wen,Tan, Kok-Tong,Chan, Hong-Lin,Lai, Ming-Derg,Yen, Meng-Chi,Li, Yi-Ron,Lin, Sheng Hao,Lin, Chi-Chen Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.18
Interferon-gamma (IFN-${\gamma}$) has been used to treat various malignant tumors. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the direct anti-proliferative activity of IFN-${\gamma}$ are poorly understood. In the present study, we examined the in vitro antitumor activity of IFN-${\gamma}$ on two human non-small-cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) cell lines, H322M and H226. Our findings indicated that IFN-${\gamma}$ treatment caused a time-dependent reduction in cell viability and induced apoptosis through a FADD-mediated caspase-8/tBid/mitochondria-dependent pathway in both cell lines. Notably, we also postulated that IFN-${\gamma}$ increased indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) expression and enzymatic activity in H322M and H226 cells. In addition, inhibition of IDO activity by the IDO inhibitor 1-MT or tryptophan significantly reduced IFN-${\gamma}$-induced apoptosis and death receptor 5 (DR5) expression, which suggests that IDO enzymatic activity plays an important role in the anti-NSCLC cancer effect of IFN-${\gamma}$. These results provide new mechanistic insights into interferon-${\gamma}$ antitumor activity and further support IFN-${\gamma}$ as a potential therapeutic adjuvant for the treatment of NCSLC.