Analysis of Facial Features according to Sasang Types between Native Japanese and Native Korean Populations

Ang, Lin,Kim, Jong Yeol,Lee, Jeongyun Hindawi 2018 Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medic Vol.2018 No.-

<P><B>Background</B></P><P> Facial diagnosis is a common practice and essential diagnostic method used in the Sasang Constitution Medicine (SCM). SCM is a kind of personalized medicine in Traditional Korean Medicine which categorizes people into four types, namely, Tae-Yang (TY) type, Tae-Eum type (TE), So-Yang (SY) type, and So-Eum (SE) type. This study was conducted to compare and analyze the differences in the facial feature across Sasang types among native Japanese and native Koreans.</P><P><B> Methods</B></P><P> A total of 843 subjects were recruited for this study, 127 native Japanese and 716 native Koreans, respectively. Facial feature points and the measurements of facial features were assigned and calculated automatically using a facial analysis program. Data of each Sasang type for both genders were also extracted and analyzed. Analysis of covariance was then used to examine the differences in facial feature variables among native Japanese and native Koreans and Sasang types.</P><P><B> Results</B></P><P> Significant differences were seen in the facial feature variables related to lower face area and eye shape. In males, TE types had wider mid-face and lower face as compared to other constitutions. Male TE types were also seen to have narrower eyes whereas male SY types had rounder eyes. In females, TE types had wider lower face width and area compared to SY types and SE types. Female SY types also had rounder eyes.</P><P><B> Conclusions</B></P><P> This study presented distinctive feature in the lower face area and eye shape among the Sasang types in both native Japanese and native Koreans. This proposed that facial feature variables can also be used as an objective tool in distinguishing the Sasang types in native Japanese. Further studies are needed in the future to generalize these results.</P>

Herbal medicine and pattern identification for treating COVID-19: a rapid review of guidelines

Lin Ang,Hye Won Lee,Jun-Yong Choi,Junhua Zhang,Myeong Soo Lee 한국한의학연구원 2020 Integrative Medicine Research Vol.9 No.2

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is pandemic and has caused illness to many people worldwide. This review aimed to summarize and analyze the herbal formulae provided by the guidelines for their pattern identifications (PIs) and compositions of herbs to treat patients with COVID-19. Methods: We searched 7 data sources for eligible traditional medicine guidelines up to March 6, 2020 and found a total of 28 traditional medicine guidelines that provide treatment measures for COVID-19. Results: Of the 28 guidelines, there were 26 government-issued Chinese guidelines and 2 Korean guidelines. After standardizing the terminology of the PIs and herbal formulae, there were 8 PIs and 23 herbal formulae for the mild stage, 11 PIs and 31 herbal formulae for the moderate stage, 8 PIs and 21 herbal formulae for the severe stage, and 6 PIs and 23 herbal formulae for the recovery stage in the Chinese guidelines. In the Korean guidelines, there were 4 PIs and 15 herbal formulae for the mild stage, 3 PIs and 3 herbal formulae for the severe stage, and 2 PIs and 2 herbal formulae for the recovery stage. In the frequency analysis of herbs, Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, Armeniacae Semen Amarum, Ephedrae Herba, and Gypsum Fibrosum were found to be the herbs with the high frequency of usage in the Chinese guidelines. Conclusion: This review can be used as guidance for the traditional medicine treatment of COVID-19. Clinical evidence is needed in the future to evaluate the efficacy of traditional medicine.

Randomized controlled trials of traditional, complementary, and integrative medicine-based interventions for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): A bibliometric analysis and review of study designs

Lin Ang,Eunhye Song,이명수 한국한의학연구원 2021 Integrative Medicine Research Vol.10 No.-

Background To date, the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic remains ongoing and continues to affect millions of people worldwide. In the effort of fighting this pandemic, there has been an increasing interest in the potential of traditional, complementary, and integrative medicines (TCIMs) in engaging COVID-19. This study presents a bibliometric analysis of the research trends of TCIMs for COVID-19. Methods Six databases were searched on July 15, 2021, to retrieve all the citations on TCIM-focused randomized controlled trials (RCTs) available on COVID-19. Only RCTs that mentioned at least one TCIMs for the treatment and/or management or COVID-19 were eligible. Data such as number and countries of trials conducted, publication journal, research focus, study design, and sample size were extracted for analysis. Results The resulting 56 articles were authored by 553 unique authors, and included 28 English articles, 19 Chinese articles with English abstracts, and 9 Chinese articles without English abstract. Analyses had shown that China was the dominant country with TCIM related RCT publications, followed by India and the United States. The included articles were published across 24 English journals and 22 Chinese journals with a wide range of impact factors from 0.220 to 56.272. The most commonly studied TCIM modalities included Chinese herbal decoction (n=12) and Chinese patent medicine (n=16). In terms of study designs, TCIM interventions were integrated with standard medicine across the trials with most trials having a small to medium sample size and open-labeled. Conclusion This bibliometric analysis of RCTs demonstrated the research trends and characteristics of TCIM utilized in COVID-19 research. Although there are still many research gaps and limitations for pandemic research, the publication of TCIM-focused RCTs is anticipated to show a continuously increasing trend. Background To date, the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic remains ongoing and continues to affect millions of people worldwide. In the effort of fighting this pandemic, there has been an increasing interest in the potential of traditional, complementary, and integrative medicines (TCIMs) in engaging COVID-19. This study presents a bibliometric analysis of the research trends of TCIMs for COVID-19. Methods Six databases were searched on July 15, 2021, to retrieve all the citations on TCIM-focused randomized controlled trials (RCTs) available on COVID-19. Only RCTs that mentioned at least one TCIMs for the treatment and/or management or COVID-19 were eligible. Data such as number and countries of trials conducted, publication journal, research focus, study design, and sample size were extracted for analysis. Results The resulting 56 articles were authored by 553 unique authors, and included 28 English articles, 19 Chinese articles with English abstracts, and 9 Chinese articles without English abstract. Analyses had shown that China was the dominant country with TCIM related RCT publications, followed by India and the United States. The included articles were published across 24 English journals and 22 Chinese journals with a wide range of impact factors from 0.220 to 56.272. The most commonly studied TCIM modalities included Chinese herbal decoction (n=12) and Chinese patent medicine (n=16). In terms of study designs, TCIM interventions were integrated with standard medicine across the trials with most trials having a small to medium sample size and open-labeled. Conclusion This bibliometric analysis of RCTs demonstrated the research trends and characteristics of TCIM utilized in COVID-19 research. Although there are still many research gaps and limitations for pandemic research, the publication of TCIM-focused RCTs is anticipated to show a continuously increasing trend.

대구시 한국 대학생과 중국 유학생 및 중국 심양시 대학생의 짠맛에 대한 미각과 짜게 먹는 식행동 비교

지앙린(Ang Lin Ji),이연경(Yeon Kyung Lee) 대한지역사회영양학회 2013 대한지역사회영양학회지 Vol.18 No.6

The purpose of this study was to compare and analyze the assessment of salty taste and high-salt dietary behaviors of Korean university students and their Chinese counterparts. The researchers developed a taste assessment computer program focusing on preference for salty taste, and it was applied to 300 university students, including 100 Korean students, and 100 Chinese students in Daegu of South Korea, and 100 Chinese students in Shenyang of China (144 males and 156 females). The results of the taste assessment of Chinese and Korean university students are as follows. Among males, Koreans (36.0%), Chinese students in Korea (36.2%), and Chinese (40.4%) scored highest in the a bit salty followed by normal. Among females, Koreans (36.0%), Chinese students in Korea (49.1%), and Chinese (28.3%) scored highest in the normal. In terms of salt concentration in solution, among the male subjects, most Koreans favored the salt concentration of 0.31%, which is considered to be a normal concentration; most Chinese students in Korea favored 0.63%, which is considered to be a bit salty, and most Chinese favored the concentration of 1.25%, which is considered to be salty. As for the female subjects, Koreans, Chinese students studying abroad, and Chinese favored 0.31%, the normal level of concentration. Korean students scored higher than Chinese students in Korea and Chinese students both in males and females (p < 0.001, p < 0.01), in terms of high-salt dietary behaviors favored salty taste. This study suggests that Chinese university students need nutrition education in terms of modifying eating behaviors to reduce dietary salt intake.

Shear Stress Relaxation Properties of Discontinuities under Different Stress and JRC

( Ang Liu ),( Wenli Lin ),( Jun Zhu ) 대한지질공학회 2019 대한지질공학회 학술발표회논문집 Vol.2019 No.2

Rock mass met in rock engineering is a complex geological material containing numerous discontinuities, the development of these discontinuities and their mechanical properties play a dominant role in the stability of engineering rock mass. The failure of the rocks under loading is not a sudden brittle failure but progressive damage after years or decades by creep and stress relaxation. However, creep test, rather than the relaxation test, is preferred in studying its time-dependent properties, hence stress relaxation behavior is rarely studied. A series of shear tests and shear relaxation tests were performed on artificial samples the discontinuity samples, which were prepared based on Barton’s standard profiles with different Joint Roughness Coefficient (JRC). The relaxation behaviors of discontinuities under different stress levels and different JRC is analyzed, and its associated mechanism is discussed from crack activities and viscous deformation during stress relaxation.

Fluctuating wind field analysis based on random Fourier spectrum for wind induced response of high-rise structures

Li Lin,A.H.S. Ang,Dan-dan Xia,Hai-tao Hu,Huai-feng Wang,Fu-qiang He 국제구조공학회 2017 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.63 No.6

An accurate calculation of the stochastic wind field is the foundation for analyzing wind-induced structure response and reliability. In this research, the spatial correlation of structural wind field was considered based on the time domain method. A method for calculating the stochastic wind field based on cross stochastic Fourier spectrum was proposed. A flowchart of the proposed methodology is also presented in this study to represent the algorithm and workflow. Along with the analysis of regional wind speed distribution, the wind speed time history sample was calculated, and the efficiency can therefore be verified. Results show that the proposed method and programs could provide an efficient simulation for the wind-induced structure response analysis, and help determine the related parameters easily.

Effects of kimchi on human health: a scoping review of randomized controlled trials

송은혜,Ang Lin,이혜원,Kim Myung-Sunny,Kim You Jin,Jang Dai-Ja,Lee Myeong Soo 한국식품연구원 2023 Journal of Ethnic Foods Vol.10 No.7

Kimchi is a Korean traditional fermented food which is one of the most popular ethnic fermented foods in Korea and consumed daily. The purpose of this review was to systematically evaluate all prospective clinical studies of kimchi and to estimate the effectiveness of kimchi for health in general. Three English databases, four Korean databases, and two clinical trial registries were searched until November 7, 2022. Two independent reviewers extracted and tabulated the data. The outcomes of this review were any health-related outcomes that studied on kimchi or kimchi-derived probiotics. Eleven randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were included in this review, with 638 participants enrolled in total and 608 participants completing the trials. Most of the included RCTs examined serum lipid profiles and clinical parameters and found that kimchi interventions showed decrease in serum lipids, cholesterols and body fats. Kimchi interventions may be safe and effective treatment option for the treatment of general health, obesity, and irritable bowel syndrome, regardless of the lack of adequate trials. In the future, research that can verify the conflicting results on the health benefits of kimchi should be conducted rigorously to provide the scientific basis for the benefits of kimchi.

Forming Limit and Mechanical Properties of 2024-O Aluminum Alloy Under Electromagnetic Forming

Yuhong Lin,Xiaohui Cui,Kanghua Chen,Ang Xiao,Ziqin Yan 대한금속·재료학회 2022 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.28 No.10

The effect of electromagnetic forming (EMF) on the forming limit and properties of 2024-O aluminum alloy is studied in thispaper. This was done to address the important problems related to the poor forming limit of aluminum alloy when conventionalstamping is used. The evolution of the microstructure of the alloy during quasi-static stamping (QS) and the dynamicdeformation is analyzed. This was done using mechanical testing, texture analysis, scanning electron microscopy (SEM),fracture analysis, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Compared with QS, the forming limit for EMF increases by36.9%. For the same deformation height with 17.6mm, the maximum degree of thickness thinning of the sample for EMF is4.7%, and 6.4% for QS. The thickness distribution of the EMF sample is more uniform than for the QS sample. Numericalsimulation shows the maximum principal stresses at different points were almost same with each other after EMF, whichleads to uniformity plastic deformation of samples. In addition, the grain size of the material decreases, the proportion ofsmall-angle grains increases, and the copper texture increases after EMF. When EMF is used, the dislocation density of thesample is significantly higher than for QS and the dislocation distribution is more uniform. The temperature rise is small,which is not a significant reason for dislocation dispersed in EMF.

The Application of Kalman Filter to the Natural Gamma Spectrum Well Logging

Naig Ang Cui,Xiao Hui Lin,Yong De Jin 대한전자공학회 1995 ICEIC:International Conference on Electronics, Inf Vol.1 No.1

Development and Validation of a Cancer Awareness Questionnaire for Malaysian Undergraduate Students of Chinese Ethnicity

Loo, Jo Lin,Ang, Yee Kwang,Yim, Hip Seng Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2013 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.14 No.1

Objectives: To describe the development and validation of a cancer awareness questionnaire (CAQ) based on a literature review of previous studies, focusing on cancer awareness and prevention. Materials and Methods: A total of 388 Chinese undergraduate students in a private university in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, were recruited to evaluate the developed self-administered questionnaire. The CAQ consisted of four sections: awareness of cancer warning signs and screening tests; knowledge of cancer risk factors; barriers in seeking medical advice; and attitudes towards cancer and cancer prevention. The questionnaire was evaluated for construct validity using principal component analysis and internal consistency using Cronbach's alpha (${\alpha}$) coefficient. Test-retest reliability was assessed with a 10-14 days interval and measured using Pearson product-moment correlation. Results: The initial 77-item CAQ was reduced to 63 items, with satisfactory construct validity, and a high total internal consistency (Cronbach's ${\alpha}$=0.77). A total of 143 students completed the questionnaire for the test-retest reliability obtaining a correlation of 0.72 (p<0.001) overall. Conclusions: The CAQ could provide a reliable and valid measure that can be used to assess cancer awareness among local Chinese undergraduate students. However, further studies among students from different backgrounds (e.g. ethnicity) are required in order to facilitate the use of the cancer awareness questionnaire among all university students.