제약업종 부산물 및 화장품 제조업 폐수처리오니 처리토양에 대한 유기화합물 및 Bioassay 분석 평가

임동규,이상범,이승환,남재작,나영은,권장식,권순익,소규호 한국환경농학회 2004 한국환경농학회지 Vol.23 No.4

본 연구는 퇴비원료로 지정된 제약업종 부산물(공정오니) 및 화장품 제조업 폐수처리오니를 퇴비로서 활용 가능성을 판단하기 위하여 기존의 일반성분이나 중금속 성분 분석 이외 유기성 화합물과 기타 여러 생물검정법 등을 활용하여 시용한 오니에 의한 토양 내 비료의 피해를 밝혀내고 이들의 평가방법을 확립하고자 포장시험을 수행하였다. 오니의 처리에 따른 HEM의 함량은 제약업종 오니2(PS2)와 화장품 오니(CS)처리가 각각 0.51, 1.10 mg/kg로 가장 높았고, PAHs의 함량은 제약업종 오니2(PS2) 처리에서 3,406.8 μg/kg로 가장 높았다. 토양에 서식하는 미소동물의 밀도변화는 생육 중기(7월 23일) 및 수확기(10월 1일) 모두 제약오니2 및 돈분 처리구에서 가장 높았으며, 기타 처리구는 차이가 없이 아주 낮았다. 오니의 처리에 따른 세균 및 사상균의 균수는 제약업종 오니2처리에서 각각 736, 909 cfu/g로 가장 많았고, 화장품 오니도 각각 440, 236 cfu/g으로 다른 처리에 비해 많은 경향을 보였다. 제약오니 및 화장품오니 처리시 우점세균은 무비, 돈분처리에 비해 일정한 경향이 없었으나 3요소 처리보다 다양한 세균이 검출되었다. 오니의 처리에 따른 우점사상균은 무처리에 비해 제약업종 오니3와 화장품 오니처리에서 형태적 특징이 다른 콜로니가 검출되었으나 다른 처리는 비슷한 경향으로 종류 간에 큰 차이는 보이지 않았다. Microcosm test를 통하여 오니 처리 후 3개월이 경과한 토양의 오염정도를 평가한 결과는 제약업종 오니3과 화장품 오니처리는 약간 영향을 받아서 80~90% 생존하였으나, 제약업종 오니1처리는 처리 2주(14일) 이후에는 급격히 생존율이 떨어져서 4주 이후에는 10%만 생존하였다. 그러나 6개월이 경과한 토양에서는 지렁이의 생존율은 제약업종 오니1처리만 약간 영향을 받은 것으로 보였으며 다른 처리들은 전혀 영향을 받지 않았던 것으로 조사되었다. 유기성 오니의 퇴비원료로 활용은 비료관리법의 비료공정 규격 중 퇴비의 비고란에 "퇴비의 원료로 사용 가능한 물질과 사용 불가능한 물질'(별표1)에서 "희비의 원료 중 사전 분석검토 후 사용 가능한 원료에 대한 지정요령'에는 유기물과 중금속(8성분) 함량(건물증)과 제조공정 등을 검토하여 지정하고 있으나, 지정된 원료가 과연 회비원료로 적합한지 잘 알 수 없으며 또한 앞으로 현재의 퇴비원료 규정을 변경할 필요가 있을 경우를 대비하여 희비원료의 적합성 여부를 판별할 수 있는 방법의 개발이 필요하다. 따라서 퇴비원료로 이미 지정('02. 12. 31)된 제약오니 및 화장품 오니를 과량으로 토양에 시용한 후 유해 유기화합물, 미소동물, 미생물 및 생물학적(지렁이) 유해성 검정방법의 도입 가능성을 평가하기 위하여 고추를 재배한 포장에서 비료의 피해시험을 실시한 결과 유해 유기화합물과 생물학적(지렁이) 유해성 검정방법은 앞으로 연구를 통해서 보완할 경우 상당히 활용 가능성이 있는 좋은 평가방법인 것으로 생각된다. This study was conducted to assessment organic compound and bioassay (density of inhabited animal, fluctuation of predominant fungi, and survival ratio of earthworm) for finding damage on red pepper by heavily amount application of sludges in soil, which was treated with 3 pharmaceutical byproducts and a cosmetic industry wastewater sludge as raw materials of compost, and for establishing estimation method. HEM contents in the soil treated with pharmaceutical byproducts sludge2 (PS2) and cosmetic sludge (CS) were 0.51, 1.10 mg/kg respectively. PAHs content of PS2 treatment in the soil was 3406.8 ug/kg on July 8. In abundance of soil faunas, the pharmaceutical byproducts sludge2 treatment was the most highest. The next was decreased in the order of pig manure (PM) and the cosmetic sludge treatment. However the other pharmaceutical sludge treatments were remarkably reduced populations of soil inhabited animals. In upland soil treated with organic sludges, the numbers of bacteria and fungi of the pharmaceutical sludge treatment were 736, 909 cfu/g and those of the cosmetic sludge treatment were 440, 236 cfu/g, respectively. The pharmaceutical sludge treatments and the cosmetic sludge treatment in identification of predominant bacteria were not any tendency to compare with non fertilizer and pig manure treatments, but they had diverse bacteria than NPK treatment. In microcosm tests, the survival of the tiger earthworm in five soil samples was hardly affected against the soil of PSI (20%) after three months treated in the upland. But after six months, survival of PSI was 80%. At present, raw material of compost was authorized by contents of organic matter, heavy metal (8 elements), and product processing according to "The specified gist on possible materials of using after analysis and investigation among raw materials of compost", however, for preparing to change regulation of raw material of compost and for considering to possibility of application, this study was conducted to investigate toxic organic compound and bioassay methods using inhabited animal, fungi, and earthworm without current regulation.

農業發展段階理論과 韓國農業의 近代化過程

林栽煥 韓國農業政策學會 1983 농업경영정책연구 Vol.10 No.1

노인 뇌경색 환자(70세 이상)의 임상적 특징에 관한 연구

임재환,박형국,성기범,신현길 순천향의학연구소 1995 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.1 No.1

Stroke is one of the most important diseases in the elderly, but studies on the elderly stroke(age ≥70 years) are rare. The authors evaluated clinical characteristics of ischemic stroke in the elderly and compared them with those in the young(age ≤69). The conclusion obtained are as follows. 1. The strokes with multiple risk factors and combined diseases were more common in the elderly than in the young. 2. Middle cerebral artery territory was most frequently involved in the two groups, but vertebrobasilar territory was more frequently involved in the elderly than in the young. 3. The incidence of recurrent stroke and pathogenesis did not differ significantly between the two groups. 4. Among the complications, urogenital diseases were more common in the elderly than in the young.

한우, 칡소 및 제주 흑우 Calpain-Calpastatin 유전자 다양성

이승환,김승창,조수현,최봉환,Aditi Sharma,임다정,당창권,장선식,김재환,고문석,양보석,강희설 충남대학교 농업과학연구소 2013 농업과학연구 Vol.40 No.2

The aim of study was to investigate genetic diversity for the calpain/calpastatin gene in three Hanwoo breeds [(Brown (n=62), Brindle (n=81) and Jeju Black (n=30)]. Random samples from three breeds of Hanwoo were selected and genotyped for the 7 SNPs of calpain/calpastatin using TaqMan method. Allele frequencies were investigated for CAPN1/CAST gene. Allele frequency of CAST2 SNP was 0.75, 0.59 and 0.22 for Brown, Brindle and Jeju black, respectively. The CAST3 revealed allele frequency of 0.59 and 0.57 in Brown and Jeju Black, while it showed very low allele frequency (0.07) in Brindle. In particular, favorable allele (G allele) for the CAPN1-2 SNP which was shown a strong association with tenderness in Taurine and Indicine cattle revealed 16% and 17% higher allele frequency in Brown Hanwoo (0.82) comparing Brindle (0.66) and Jeju Black Hanwoo (0.65). AMOVA demonstrated that among population variance occupied only 10% of total variance and among individual variance was 0%, while within individual variance was 90% of total variance. This result showed that population effect contributed very small portion of genetic to these three Hanwoo breeds, while within individual variance contributed large portion of genetic diversity within these Hanwoo breeds. In conclusion, three Hanwoo breeds (Brown, Brindle and Jeju black) showed a genetically homogeneous based on the 7 SNPs of CAPN1/CAST gene and it came from same ancestor to form modern Hanwoo breed.

일차 양측성 구순열의 일단계 재건에 대한 증례보고

임석균,이기혁,김영균,김수관,이병준,여환호,서재훈 大韓顎顔面成形再建外科學會 1996 Maxillofacial Plastic Reconstructive Surgery Vol.18 No.3

Bilateral cleft lip reconstruction can be performed in one-or two-stages. The choice depends on the surgeon's proficiency and experience. However the type and severity of the cleft must be considered. Complete or incomplete symmetric, bilateral clefts in which the premaxilla is within the alveolar arch or slightly protruded can be successfully treated with simultaneous lip reconstruction on both sides. There are some advantages that one-stage lip reconstruction facilitates creation of a symmetric and balanced lip, retraction of protruding premaxilla and the parent's psychologic satisfaction. However, there are some disadvantages such as micrognathia of the upper jaw by severe scar formation and poor adaptation of flap margins by severe tension. The surgeon must be able to judge and exploit the advantages offered by one-stage approach. We present the case report of one-stage reconstruction of primary bilateral cleft lip with literature reviews.

블루투스 기술의 개요

임재환 남서울대학교 공학연구센터 2001 공학연구 Vol.2 No.-

Bluetooth is a Radio Frequency (RF) specification for short-range, point-to-point and point-to-multipoint voice and data transfer. Bluetooth will enable users to connect to a wide range of computing and telecommunications devices without the need for proprietary cables that often fall short in terms of ease-of-use. The technology represents an opportunity for the industry to deliver wireless solutions that are ubiquitous across a broad range of devices. The strength and direction of the underlying Bluetooth standard will ensure that all solutions meet stringent expectations for ease-of-use and interoperability. The purpose of this paper is to provide an overview of Bluetooth technology, insight into product timeframes as well as information on how Bluetooth is positioned relative to other wireless technology standards.

진행성 골화성 섬유 이형성증의 1예

임태영,조영신,정춘해,박유환,하상호,유재원 조선대학교 부설 의학연구소 2002 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.27 No.1

진행성 골화성 섬유 이형성증은 2 백만명 중에 1명 발생하는 매우 드문 유전질환이다. 저자들은 2차례의 외상후 심해진 진행성 섬유 이형성증환자에서 최근 다시 발생된 외상후 생긴 병변부위에 biphosphonate와 steroid 투여로 최근수상부위의 근육 골화와 경화를 현저한 호전을 보였으나, 기존의 골화가 이미 진행된 병변에서는 잘 반응하지 않음을 경험하였기에 문헌고찰과 함께 보고하는 바이다. Fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva(FOP) is an extremely rare hereditary disorder characterised by progressive heterotopic ossification of the soft tissue. The resulting progressive immobilization of the limbs, jaw and chest wall generally leads to severe disability. We present an 20-rear-old man with advanced FOP. He had two operative interventions by prior traffic accident and recent biopsy. It resulted abnormal ossification. Treatment for this disorder is avoidance of exacerbating factors and medical strategies is biphosphonate and steroid. We observed the course of ossification and muscle atrophy during biphosphonate and steroid therapy in advanced FOP.

農家所得의 構造的變遷과 忠南地域의 農外所得開發戰略

林栽煥 忠南大學校 地域開發硏究所 1992 地域開發論叢 Vol.4 No.-

Mobile ad hoc network의 보안

임재환 남서울대학교 2004 남서울대학교 논문집 Vol.10 No.-

A mobile ad hoc network(MANET) is a infrastructureless, temporary, and self-organizing network which consists of mobile nodes with wireless interface and routing capability. The current trend in MANET is to deploy technologies based on open standards that are widely used. However, the mobile environment places heavier demands on networking and security solutions than the wired environment. In this paper, we will research security technology in MANET.

農業用水와 農業生産基盤造成事業投資의 米穀生産寄與度 分析

林栽煥 충남대학교 농업과학연구소 2004 농업과학연구 Vol.31 No.2

Rice is not only main food but also key farm income source of Korean farmers. In spite of the above facts, rice productivity was decreased an account of drought in every 2 or 3 years interval owing to the vulnerability of irrigation facilities throughout Korea in the past decades. As an context of the first five year economic development plan, all weather farming programme including 4 big river basin comprehensive development projects and large and medium sized irrigation water development projects were carried out successfully. Therefore the area of irrigated paddy were increased from 58% in 1970 to 76.2% in 1999. In the past decades, the Government had invested heavy financial funds to develop irrigation water but as an factor share analysis, the contribution rates of irrigation water and investment for farmland base development project have not been identified yet in national agricultural economic level. It is very scarce to find out the papers concerned to macro-economic factor share analysis or contribution rates of water and investment cost to rice production value in Korea considering the production function of the quantity of irrigation water and investment cost as independent variables. Accordingly this paper covered and aimed at identifying (1) derivation of rice production function with the time serial data from 1965 to 1999 and the contribution rates of irrigation water and total investment cost for farmland base development project. The analytical model of the contribution rates was adapted the famous Cobb-Douglass production function. According to the model analysis, the contribution rate of irrigation water to rice production in Korea was shown 37.8% which was equivalent to 0.28 of the production elasticity of water. The contribution rate of farmland base development project cost was revealed 22% and direct production cost of rice was contributed 60% in the growth of rice production and farm mechanization costs contributed to 18% of it respectively. The two contribution rates comparing with the direct production cost were small but without irrigation water and farmland base development, application of high-pay off inputs and farm mechanization might be impossible. Considering the food security and to cope with the frequent drought, rice farming and investment for the irrigation water development should be continued even in WTO system.