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Crack-Release Transfer Method of Wafer-Scale Grown Graphene Onto Large-Area Substrates
Lee, Jooho,Kim, Yongsung,Shin, Hyeon-Jin,Lee, ChangSeung,Lee, Dongwook,Lee, Sunghee,Moon, Chang-Yul,Lee, Su Chan,Kim, Sun Jun,Ji, Jae Hoon,Yoon, Hyong Seo,Jun, Seong Chan American Chemical Society 2014 ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES Vol.6 No.15
<P>We developed a crack-release graphene transfer technique for opening up possibilities for the fabrication of graphene-based devices. Graphene film grown on metal catalysts/SiO<SUB>2</SUB>/Si wafer should be scathelessly peeled for sequent transferring to a target substrate. However, when the graphene is grown on the metal catalyst on a silicon substrate, there is a large tensile stress resulting from the difference of the coefficient of thermal expansion in the catalyst and silicon. The conventional methods of detaching graphene from metal catalysts were found to induce considerable mechanical damage on graphene films during separation processes including metal wet etching. Here we report a new technique wherein bubbles generated by electrolysis reaction separate thin metal catalysts from the SiO<SUB>2</SUB>/Si wafer. The dry attachment of graphene to the target wafer was processed utilizing a wafer to wafer bonding technique in a vacuum. We measured the microscopic image, Raman spectra, and electrical properties of the transferred graphene. The optical and electrical properties of the graphene transferred by the bubbles/dry method are better than those of the graphene obtained by mechanical/wet transfer.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/aamick/2014/aamick.2014.6.issue-15/am502565z/production/images/medium/am-2014-02565z_0005.gif'></P>
Tension assisted metal transfer of graphene for Schottky diodes onto wafer scale substrates
Lee, Jooho,Lee, Su Chan,Kim, Yongsung,Heo, Jinseong,Lee, Kiyoung,Lee, Dongwook,Kim, Jaekwan,Lee, Sunghee,Lee, Chang Seung,Nam, Min Sik,Jun, Seong Chan IOP 2016 Nanotechnology Vol.27 No.7
<P>We developed an effective graphene transfer method for graphene/silicon Schottky diodes on a wafer as large as 6 inches. Graphene grown on a large scale substrate was passivated and sealed with a gold layer, protecting graphene from any possible contaminant and keeping good electrical contact. The Au/graphene was transferred by the tension-assisted transfer process without polymer residues. The gold film itself was used directly as the electrodes of a Schottky diode. We demonstrated wafer-scale integration of graphene/silicon Schottky diode using the proposed transfer process. The transmission electron microscopy analysis and relatively low ideality factor of the diodes indicated fewer defects on the interface than those obtained using the conventional poly(methyl methacrylate)-assisted transfer method. We further demonstrated gas sensors as an application of graphene Schottky diodes.</P>
우리나라 중·고등학교 학생들의 패스트푸드 및 탄산음료 섭취에 관한 지역별 비교연구
이규영,하영미,김성희 한국학교보건학회 2008 韓國學校保健學會誌 Vol.21 No.2
Objectives: The purpose of this study was to compare Fast foods and Soft drinks consumption of Korean adolescents in a large city a medium city and a rural area Methods: This was a descriptive comparative survey using a convenience sample of 2,261 8th and 11th grade students The data were analyzed by X2-test and ANOVA using SPSS 10.0 statistical program. Results: For fast food consumptions the higher in a large city than in a medium city and a rural area(p=.000). For soft drinks in a school, cafeteria or vending machines was higher in a large city and a medium city then in a rural area(P=.000) For eating snacks including cookies and popcorns was higher among students in a rural area than those in a medium city and large city(P=.008) Conclusions: 1. Overall the health information among rural students is lower than those among other areas as well as taking a health education course among rural students is also lower Thus the health inequality by regional differences. should be considered. To decrease health inequality among different regions health professionals who can systematically teach a health education course for middle and high school students and undertake student' health are needed 2. Soft drinks sold in schools are higher in a large city and medium city than in a rural area. Therefore there is a need of strong regulations and policies about the restriction of soft drinks sold in vending machines or school cafeterias.