식이를 통한 농약섭취량에 관한 연구 : 두류, 서류, 견과류, 종실류, 채소류, 과실류 및 그 가공품에 대하여 legumes,potatoes,nuts,seeds,vegetables,fruits and their products

원경풍,홍무기,최동미,오창환,박건상,최윤주,안장혁,황인균,정지윤,정선미,박일경,이정복,장선영,홍주연,최영내 식품의약품안전청 1998 식품의약품안전청 연보 Vol.2 No.-

우리가 섭취하는 식품을 수세 , 탈피, 가열 등으로 섭취직전의 상태로 조리하여 잔류농약을 분석하였다. 그 결과 식품 섭처를 통한 농약의 1일 춘정 섭취량(EDI : estimated daily intake)을 파악하고 이를 농약의 1일섭취허용량(ADI : acceptabte daily intake) 및 이론적 최대섭취량(TffDt : theoretical maxiraum daily in늘he)과 비교하여 우리나라 국민이 식품으로부터 섭취하는 농약의 양에 대한 안전성을 평71하였다. 보편성있는 식품수거를 위채 수거대상 지역은 인구가 밀집되어 있는 대도시인 서울, 부산, 대구』 인천 , 대전, 광주, 수원, 전주, 마산과 춘천의 10곳을 선정하였다. 대상식품으로는 두류 및 가공품 11종, 서류 및 가공품 3종.견과류 및 가공품 8종, 기호식물류 1종, 종실류 2총, 과실류 및 가공품 20종, 채소류 21종의 총 50종of었다. 분석대상농약은 동시다셩분 분석채 가능한 농약으로 HPD대상농약 11종 및 ECD대상농약 48종으로 총 59졸이었다. 1995년부터 5개년 계획으로 수행되어 온 본 딴구는 큼년이 4차년도였으며,종전보다 대상식품 및 대상농약을 크게 늘리고 시료 전처리에 있어석 자동화된 고상추출 정제법을 사용하여 시료 처리속도를 창상시켰다. 분쇄된 시료들은 acetonitrile로 추출한 후 정제하여 GC/BCD 및 GC/HPD로 분석하고 검출된 성분들은 GC/MSD로 재확인차였다. 분석 결과 총 660 식품중 9식품(딸기, 복숭아, 풋고추, 고춧가루, 파, 피망, 상추, 시금치 , 깻잎 )에서 4종의 농약(procymidone, EPN, endosulfan, chlorpyrifos)이 검출피었으며, 이들 식품 십취를 통한 농약의 추정 섭취량()801)은 0.01 ~ 1.28rg/person/day 수준으로 극히 미팡이었다. 대상농약중에서 가장 많이 섭취되고 있는 농약은 on(losulfan으로 그 EDI를 ADI와 ㅂ1교한 결과 0.39%에 불과 하였으며, 이론적 최대섭취량(TMDI)과 비교한 결과도 0.49% 수준으로 나타났다. 따라서 본 연구의 대상식품을 섭치할 경우 분석대상 농약으로 인한 안전성에는 문제가 얼는 것으로 려가되었다. In order to rstimate the intake of pesticide residues through foods which is prepared ready to eat, total diet study(TDS) was carried. The foods(legumes, potatees, nuts, seeds, fruits, vegeta-bles a8d their products) were purchased at the retail stores in 10 large cities of Korea, respectively. Thecollected 660 samples(66 foods x10 regions) were pr,etreated in a manBer similar to that used at home(washing, trimming, peeling. boiling and etc ) and followed Uy the automated solid phase extraction.Frem the extracted samples, total 59 pesticides were determined by capillary gas chromatography withECD, NPD and MSD. The levels of pesticide residues were resulted in not detected or orders of magni-tude lower than maximum residve limits for most of samples. However, in 9 samples(strawberrf, peach,green pepper, red pepper powder, scallion, bell pepper, lettuce korean, spinach, wild sesame leaf),4 pesti-cides(procymidone, chlorpyrifos, endosulfan, EPN) were detected with the estimated daily intake(EDE)values of fftl ~l.28rg/person/day. These EBI values were corresponded to <0.01 ~ 1.82% of ADT(for55kg person) and <0.01 ~O.49% of TMDI.

Prostate Specific Membrane Antigen mRNA in Blood as a Potential Predictor of Biochemical Recurrence after Radical Prostatectomy

Joung, Jae Young,Cho, Kang Su,Chung, Han Soo,Cho, In-Chang,Kim, Jung Eun,Seo, Ho Kyung,Chung, Jinsoo,Park, Weon Seo,Choi, Moon Kyung,Lee, Kang Hyun The Korean Academy of Medical Sciences 2010 JOURNAL OF KOREAN MEDICAL SCIENCE Vol.25 No.9

<P>We investigated whether the detection of prostate specific membrane antigen (PSMA) in blood preoperatively has predictive value for biochemical recurrence (BCR) after radical prostatectomy in patients with prostate cancer. All 134 patients scheduled to receive radical prostatectomy for prostate cancer were prospectively enrolled. The authors used nested reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay to detect PSMA mRNA-bearing cells in peripheral blood, and analyzed the ability of PSMA mRNA positivity to predict BCR after surgery. PSMA-mRNA was detected in 24 (17.9%) patients by RT-PCR. Over a median follow-up of 20 months (range, 3 to 46 months), BCR developed in 15 patients (11.2%) and median time to BCR was 7 months (range, 3 to 25 months). Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed a significant difference between those positive or negative for PSMA in terms of recurrence-free actuarial probability (log rank <I>P</I>=0.0039). Multivariate analysis showed that positivity for PSMA mRNA (HR: 3.697, 95% CI 1.285-10.634, <I>P</I>=0.015) and a biopsy Gleason score of ≥7 (HR: 4.500, 95% CI 1.419-14.274, <I>P</I>=0.011) were independent preoperative predictors of BCR. The presence of PSMA mRNA in peripheral blood can be used to predict BCR after radical prostatectomy.</P>

Reverse transcriptase‐polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemical studies for detection of prostate stem cell antigen expression in prostate cancer: Potential value in molecular staging of prostate cancer

Joung, Jae Young,Yang, Seung Ok,Jeong, In Gab,Han, Kyung Suk,Seo, Ho Kyung,Chung, Jinsoo,Park, Weon Seo,Lee, Kang Hyun Blackwell Publishing Asia 2007 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF UROLOGY Vol.14 No.7

<P><B>Objectives: </B> To determine whether detection of prostate stem cell antigen (PSCA) expression has potential for molecular staging in prostate cancer (PCa), we examined the relationship between established prognostic factors, biochemical recurrence (BCR) and PSCA expression.</P><P><B>Methods: </B> This study was comprised of 66 patients who underwent radical prostatectomy for the treatment of PCa. We employed reverse transcriptase‐polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR) to detect PSCA mRNA‐bearing cells in peripheral blood, and used immunohistochemical (IHC) techniques to identify PSCA protein expression in microarrayed tissue.</P><P><B>Results: </B> PSCA‐mRNA was detected in the peripheral blood of nine (13.6%) patients by RT‐PCR. Whereas 3.2% of patients with low‐grade disease were PSCA positive, 22.9% of patients with high‐grade disease were PSCA positive (<I>P</I> = 0.030). There was also a significant relationship of RT‐PCR PSCA positivity to whether or not the tumor was confined to the prostate. Whereas only 6.8% of patients with prostate‐confined disease were RT‐PCR PSCA positive, 27.3% of extraprostatic diseases were RT‐PCR PSCA positive (<I>P</I> = 0.022). IHC studies of tumor tissue microarrays demonstrated that PSCA expression intensity was related to both extraprostatic extension (<I>P</I> = 0.014) and positive surgical margin (<I>P</I> = 0.053). Whereas 23.8% of prostate‐confined diseases were high intensity, 54.5% of extraprostatic diseases were high intensity. BCR developed in seven patients (10.6%) during the follow‐up period (median, 16.2 months; range, 9–25 months). Prognostic factors increasing the risk of BCR included: seminal vesicle invasion (<I>P</I> = 0.004), extraprostatic disease (<I>P</I> = 0.019), lymphovascular emboli (<I>P</I> = 0.036) and RT‐PCR PSCA positivity (<I>P</I> = 0.004) in univariate analysis.</P><P><B>Conclusions: </B> We were able to detect PSCA mRNA‐bearing cells in peripheral blood by RT‐PCR, and also identify PSCA protein expression in tumors by IHC analysis of tissue microarrays. RT‐PCR PSCA positivity in peripheral blood may be a potential modality for molecular staging of PCa.</P>

Analysis of Changes in the Total Lymphocyte and Eosinophil Countduring Immunotherapy for Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma:Correlation with Response and Survival

In Gab Jeong,Kyung Seok Han,Jae Young Joung,Woo Suk Choi,Seung-Sik Hwang,Seung Ok Yang,Ho Kyung Seo,정진수,Kang Hyun Lee 대한의학회 2007 Journal of Korean medical science Vol.22 No.S

The aims of this study were to analyze lymphocyte and eosinophil counts in consecutive peripheral blood samples taken during immunotherapy for metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) and to correlate the findings with objective response and survival. A total of 40 patients with mRCC who received immunotherapy with interleukin- 2, interferon- , and 5-fluorouracil were analyzed. Objective responses were observed in 14 patients, including 2 (5%) who showed a complete response (CR) and 12 (30%) who showed a partial response (PR). Eleven patients (27%) achieved stable disease (SD), and 15 patients (38%) had progressive disease (PD). Changes from baseline in the total lymphocyte counts were significantly higher in the responding patients (CR+PR+SD) than in the non-responding patients (PD) (p=0.017), but no difference was seen in the total eosinophil counts (p=0.275). Univariate analysis identified the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status (p=0.017), the presence of a primary renal tumor (p<0.001) and the peripheral lymphocyte counts at week 4 (p=0.034) as prognostic factors, but a low ECOG performance status (p=0.003) and the presence of a primary renal tumor (p=0.001) were identified as independent poor prognostic factors by multivariate analysis. This study provides further evidence that changes in blood lymphocyte counts may serve as an objective indicator of objective responses.

Analysis of Changes in the Total Lymphocyte and Eosinophil Count during Immunotherapy for Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma: Correlation with Response and Survival

Jeong, In Gab,Han, Kyung Seok,Joung, Jae Young,Choi, Woo Suk,Hwang, Seung-Sik,Yang, Seung Ok,Seo, Ho Kyung,Chung, Jinsoo,Lee, Kang Hyun The Korean Academy of Medical Sciences 2007 Journal of Korean medical science Vol.22 No.suppl

<P>The aims of this study were to analyze lymphocyte and eosinophil counts in consecutive peripheral blood samples taken during immunotherapy for metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) and to correlate the findings with objective response and survival. A total of 40 patients with mRCC who received immunotherapy with interleukin-2, interferon-α, and 5-fluorouracil were analyzed. Objective responses were observed in 14 patients, including 2 (5%) who showed a complete response (CR) and 12 (30%) who showed a partial response (PR). Eleven patients (27%) achieved stable disease (SD), and 15 patients (38%) had progressive disease (PD). Changes from baseline in the total lymphocyte counts were significantly higher in the responding patients (CR+PR+SD) than in the non-responding patients (PD) (<I>p</I>=0.017), but no difference was seen in the total eosinophil counts (<I>p</I>=0.275). Univariate analysis identified the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status (<I>p</I>=0.017), the presence of a primary renal tumor (<I>p</I><0.001) and the peripheral lymphocyte counts at week 4 (<I>p</I>=0.034) as prognostic factors, but a low ECOG performance status (<I>p</I>=0.003) and the presence of a primary renal tumor (<I>p</I>=0.001) were identified as independent poor prognostic factors by multivariate analysis. This study provides further evidence that changes in blood lymphocyte counts may serve as an objective indicator of objective responses.</P>

Intraoperatively Observed Lacrimal Obstructive Features and Surgical Outcomes in External Dacryocystorhinostomy

Min Joung Lee,Sang In Khwarg,In Hyuk Kim,Jeong Hoon Choi,Youn Joo Choi,Namju Kim,Ho-Kyung Choung 대한안과학회 2017 Korean Journal of Ophthalmology Vol.31 No.5

Purpose: To analyze the features of lacrimal drainage system obstruction confirmed during external dacryocystorhinostomy surgeries and report the surgical outcomes. Methods: We reviewed the medical records of a total of 769 cases who underwent external dacryocystorhinostomy for primary lacrimal drainage obstruction between 2005 and 2014. Data about detailed location and extent of obstruction were collected intraoperatively. The sites of obstruction were classified into nasolacrimal duct obstruction (NLDO), common canalicular obstruction (CCO), and canalicular obstruction. Lacrimal sac mucosa and lumen were grossly inspected, and the frequency of lacrimal sac changes, such as significant inflammation or fibrosis, was analyzed in cases of CCO or canalicular obstruction. The surgical success rate was also evaluated including effect of lacrimal sac status in the CCO and canalicular obstruction groups. Results: Of 769 cases, primary NLDO with patent canaliculi was diagnosed intraoperatively in 432 cases (56.2%), CCO in 253 (32.9%), and canalicular obstruction in 84 (10.9%). Of 253 cases with CCO, 122 (48.2%) showed clear lacrimal sac lumen, and the other 131 (51.8%) showed significant inflammation or fibrosis of the lacrimal sac. In cases with canalicular obstruction, 35 of 84 (41.7%) showed a clear lacrimal sac, and the other 49 cases (58.3%) cases revealed mucosal changes of the lacrimal sac. The functional success rate was 87.5% for primary NLDO, 75.5% for CCO, and 72.6% for canalicular obstruction. In the CCO group, the functional success rate was lower in cases with significant lacrimal sac change (p = 0.044). Conclusions: Even in patients with CCO or canalicular obstruction, a large number of cases have lacrimal sac changes, and those changes were associated with lower functional success rate.

한국인 폐암 환자에서 RRM1 유전자 Promoter의 다형성

고경행 ( Kyung Haeng Ko ),김은정 ( Eun Joung Kim ),오인재 ( In Jae Oh ),김수옥 ( Soo Ock Kim ),손준광 ( Jun Gwang Son ),정종필 ( Jong Pil Jung ),조계중 ( Gye Jung Cho ),주진영 ( Jin Young Ju ),김규식 ( Kyu Sik Kim ),김유일 ( Yu Il 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 2006 Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases Vol.61 No.3

연구배경: 약 75%의 비소세포 폐암에서 loss of heterozygosity (LOH)를 보이는 11p15.5에 위치한 ribonucleotide reductase M1 subunit gene(RRM1) 유전자는 ras transformed fibroblast를 이용한 실험에서 암세포의 전이능력을 감소시키는 것으로 보고되어 있어서 암억제 유전자로서의 가능성이 높다. RRM1의 promoter 부위인 exon 1 시작에서 (-)37과 (-)524번째 염기에 A/C 그리고 C/T 다형성이 발견되었는데 이 다형성의 양상에 따라 RRM1 유전자의 발현 정도가 조절될 수 있어서 폐암 발생의 위험도가 다를 수 있다. 대상 및 방법: 전남대학교 병원에 내원한 폐암환자들과 비폐암 대조군 환자 127예와 미국인 폐암 환자 140예의 말초혈액 백혈구로부터 얻은 DNA를 이용하여 미국인과 한국인에서의 유전자 다형성의 분포 및 임상적 의의를 조사하였다. 결과: RRM1 유전자의 Exon 1으로 부터 (-)37 염기에서 A/C 유전자 다형성은 127예 중 CC가 64예(50.4%), AC는 55예(43.3%), 그리고 AA는 8예(6.3%)에서 발견되었다. Allele A의 빈도는 미국인들의 27.9%에 비하여 한국인에서 28.0%로 차이가 없었고, 폐암군과 비폐암군 간에도 유의한 차이는 관찰되지 않았다. RRM1 유전자의 (-)524 염기에서 C 또는 T 유전자 다형성의 양상은 CC가 24예(18.9%), CT는 44예(34.6%), 그리고 TT는 59예(46.5%)에서 발견되었다. Allele C의 빈도는 36.2%로써 미국인의 34.6%와 차이가 없었고, 폐암군과 비폐암군 간에도 차이는 관찰되지 않았다. RRM1 유전자의 (-)37 염기는 인종에 관계없이 70% 이상에서 C 이었고, (-)524 염기는 65% 정도에서 T를 보이고 있었다. 또한 (-)37과 (-)524 염기는 서로 밀접한 상관관계를 보이고 있었다. 즉 (-)37염기가 모두 C인 경우 (-)524 염기도 모두 T인 빈도가 높았고, (-)37 염기가 한 개라도 A를 가지고 있는 경우 (-)524 염기도 C를 가지고 있는 빈도가 높았다 (p<0.001). 결론: RRM1 유전자의 발현을 조절하는 promoter 부위의 두 개의 유전자 다형성의 빈도는 인종 간에 그리고 폐암군과 비폐암군 간에 차이가 없어서 폐암 발생의 위험인자는 아니었다. 그러나 두 유전자 다형성이 서로 특정 조합을 보임으로 그 조합 양상에 따른 promoter 활성도에 대한 연구가 뒤따라야 할 것이다. Background: LOH11A is a region with frequent allele loss (>75%) in lung cancer that is located on the centromeric part of chromosome 11p15.5. Clinical and cell biological studies suggest that this region contains a gene associated with metastatic tumor spread. RRM1 encoding the M1 subunit of ribonucleotide reductase, which is an enzyme that catalyses the rate-limiting step in deoxyribonucleotide synthesis, is located in the LOH11A region. Methods: Polymorphisms were found at nucleotide position (-)37 (C/A) and (-)524 (C/T) from the beginning of exon 1 of the RRM1 gene that might regulate the expression of RRM1. We studied the polymorphisms in 127 Korean individuals (66 lung cancer and 61 normal controls) and compared with those of 140 American patients with lung cancer. Results: CC, AC and AA were found at the (-)37 position in 64(50.4%), 55(43.3%), and 8(6.3%) out of 127 Korean individuals (66 cancer, 61 non-cancer patients), respectively. There was a similar frequency of allele A at (-)37 in the American(27.9%) and Korean population(28.0%). CC, CT and TT was found at the (-)524 position in 24(18.9%), 44(34.6%), and 59(46.5%) out of the 127 Korean individuals, respectively. There was a similar frequency of allele C at (-)524 in the American(34.6%) and Korean population(36.2%). There was no difference in the frequency of the (-)37 and (-)524 genotypes between the cancer and non-cancer group. However there was a significant correlation of the genotypes between (-)37 and (-)524 (p<0.001), which suggests the possible coordination of these polymorphisms in the regulation of the promoter activity of the RRM1 gene. Conclusion: RRM1 promoter polymorphisms were not found to be significant risk factors for lung cancer. However, a further study of the promoter activity and expression of the RRM1 gene according to the pattern of the polymorphism will be needed. (Tuberc Respir Dis 2006; 61: 248-255)

Variation of main components according to the number of steaming and drying of Rehmanniae radix preparata

Youn, Ui Joung,Gu, Bon-Seok,Kim, Kyung Hee,Ha, Chulgyu,Jung, In Chan KOREAN PHARMACOPUNCTURE INSTITUTE 2018 Journal of pharmacopuncture Vol.21 No.2

Contents of compounds in Rehmanniae Radix change depending on the number of steaming and drying and the drying method. In this study, as an impregnation method for dried Rehmanniae Radix, takju impregnation and cheongju impregnation were carried out and steaming and drying were repeated for 9 times. The changes of 5-HMF and catalpol contents were analyzed according to the number of repetition times to investigate which stage of steaming and drying is preferable. Also, total nitrogen, crude fat, ash, and crude fiber were measured to analyze changes in general components. 5-HMF was not detected in dried Rehmanniae Radix. As a result of repetitive steaming and drying, the content of 5-HMF increased only slightly from 1 to 4-times steaming and drying but increased significantly from 5-times. The catalpol in dried Rehmanniae Radix was not detected after 5 times of steaming and drying. Sucrose, maltose, and glucose were included in dried Rehmanniae Radix before steaming and drying. However, after the process in both Takju impregnation and Cheongju impregnation, galactose and fructose tended to decrease after production and sucrose and glucose tended to decrease after the increase. In this study condition, 6-times and more steaming and drying were appropriate process which met the content criteria (not less than 0.1%) of the Korean Pharmacopoeia (8th edition) for 5-HMF, an index component for quality control of Rehmanniae Radix Preparata.

Effect of remote ischemic preconditioning on cognitive function after off-pump coronary artery bypass graft:a pilot study

Kyoung-Woon Joung,Jin-Ho Rhim,Ji-Hyun Chin,Wook Jong Kim,Dae Kee Choi,Eun Ho Lee,Kyung-Don Hahm,Ji Yeon Sim,In-Cheol Choi 대한마취통증의학회 2013 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.65 No.5

Background: Several studies have shown in animal models that remote ischemic preconditioning (rIPC) has a neuroprotective effect. However, a randomized controlled trial in human subjects to investigate the neuroprotective effect of rIPC after cardiac surgery has not yet been reported. Therefore, we performed this pilot study to determine whether rIPC reduced the occurrence of postoperative cognitive dysfunction in patients who underwent off-pump coronary artery bypass graft (OPCAB) surgery. Methods: Seventy patients who underwent OPCAB surgery were assigned to either the control or the rIPC group using a computer-generated randomization table. The application of rIPC consisted of four cycles of 5 min ischemia and 5 min reperfusion on an upper limb using a blood pressure cuff inflating 200 mmHg before coronary artery anastomosis. The cognitive function tests were performed one day before surgery and again on postoperative day 7. We defined postoperative cognitive dysfunction as decreased postoperative test values more than 20% of the baseline values in more than two of the six cognitive function tests that were performed. Results: In the cognitive function tests, there were no significant differences in the results obtained during the preoperative and postoperative periods for all tests and there were no mean differences observed in the preoperative and postoperative scores. The incidences of postoperative cognitive dysfunction in the control and rIPC groups were 28.6% (10 patients) and 31.4% (11 patients), respectively. Conclusions: rIPC did not reduce the incidence of postoperative cognitive dysfunction after OPCAB surgery during the immediate postoperative period.

Pediatric Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation in Korea: A Multicenter Retrospective Study on Utilization and Outcomes Spanning Over a Decade

Choi Yu Hyeon,Jhang Won Kyoung,Park Seong Jong,Choi Hee Joung,Oh Min-su,Kwon Jung Eun,Kim Beom Joon,Shin Ju Ae,Lee In Kyung,Park June Dong,Lee Bongjin,Chung Hyun,Na Jae Yoon,Choi Ah Young,Cho Joongbum 대한의학회 2024 Journal of Korean medical science Vol.39 No.3

Background: Over the last decade, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) use in critically ill children has increased and is associated with favorable outcomes. Our study aims to evaluate the current status of pediatric ECMO in Korea, with a specific focus on its volume and changes in survival rates based on diagnostic indications. Methods: This multicenter study retrospectively analyzed the indications and outcomes of pediatric ECMO over 10 years in patients at 14 hospitals in Korea from January 2012 to December 2021. Four diagnostic categories (neonatal respiratory, pediatric respiratory, postcardiotomy, and cardiac-medical) and trends were compared between periods 1 (2012–2016) and 2 (2017–2021). Results: Overall, 1065 ECMO runs were performed on 1032 patients, with the annual number of cases remaining unchanged over the 10 years. ECMO was most frequently used for post-cardiotomy (42.4%), cardiac-medical (31.8%), pediatric respiratory (17.5%), and neonatal respiratory (8.2%) cases. A 3.7% increase and 6.1% decrease in pediatric respiratory and post-cardiotomy cases, respectively, were noted between periods 1 and 2. Among the four groups, the cardiac-medical group had the highest survival rate (51.2%), followed by the pediatric respiratory (46.4%), post-cardiotomy (36.5%), and neonatal respiratory (29.4%) groups. A consistent improvement was noted in patient survival over the 10 years, with a significant increase between the two periods from 38.2% to 47.1% (P = 0.004). Improvement in survival was evident in post-cardiotomy cases (30–45%, P = 0.002). Significant associations with mortality were observed in neonates, patients requiring dialysis, and those treated with extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation (P < 0.001). In pediatric respiratory ECMO, immunocompromised patients also showed a significant correlation with mortality (P < 0.001). Conclusion: Pediatric ECMO demonstrated a steady increase in overall survival in Korea; however, further efforts are needed since the outcomes remain suboptimal compared with global outcomes.