Toward Accessible Mobile Application Design

Kyudong Park,Taedong Goh,Hyo-Jeong So 한국HCI학회 2014 한국HCI학회 학술대회 Vol.2014 No.12

While the use of Smartphones has improved the life of people with disabilities, several mobile content and applications remain inaccessible to people with visual impairment. Toward the overarching goal of accessible mobile application design, this two-phased study attempts to develop mobile application accessibility guidelines for people with visual impairment. First, we investigated how people with visual impairment use mobile phones. Four participants with visual impairment performed specified tasks. Their usage patterns and follow-up interviews were analyzed. Serious accessibility problems were found in both typing and VoiceOver functions. Second, we evaluated and developed systematic guidelines and standards of designing accessible mobile applications through a heuristic walkthrough method. Four experts with extensive experiences and knowledge about mobile application development/design used the VoiceOver function with iPhone for 5 days, and then walked through thought-provoking tasks. In conclusion, we propose a set of 10 heuristics for developing accessible mobile applications and suggest a critical need for internationally-agreed guidelines and standards to improve the current mobile environment for people with disabilities.

A Proposal of Performance Indicator of Lane Keeping Assist System (LKAS)

Kyudong Park,Sung H. Han,Jiyoung Kwahk,Minseok Song,Dong Gu Choi,Hyeji Jang,Dohyeon Kim,Young Deok Won,In Sub Jeong 대한인간공학회 2017 대한인간공학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2017 No.4

The main purpose of this study is to derive the performance indicator of the LKAS (Lane Keeping Assist System) in consideration of the sense of heterogeneity felt by the driver, and to propose the necessary measurement data for an objective evaluation. As consumers’ interest in automobile safety has increased, research on Advanced Driver Assistance System (ADAS) has been actively conducted worldwide. There is a need to consider the user experience on the driver’s side in future development direction. The heterogeneity was reenacted and observed using a test vehicle that can change the detailed settings of LKAS, and the heterogeneity was summarized through workshops and interviews with ADAS performance evaluation experts. Based on this, four performance indicators (lane keeping performance, vehicle behavior stability, steering stability, driver non-interference performance) were derived. In addition, the measurement data for each indicator was proposed. A program that automatically collects the proposed measurement data and supports the statistical analysis is under development, and it is expected to be useful for LKAS performance evaluation in the future.

Are Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs) Really Open to Everyone?

Kyudong Park,Hyo Jin Kim,Hyo-Jeong So 한국HCI학회 2016 한국HCI학회 학술대회 Vol.2016 No.1

Recently, Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs) have emerged as an open learning space with the development of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) and the movement of knowledge sharing. MOOCs are an open online learning space based on unconstrained interaction among learners unlike traditional e-learning systems. Despite the promise of openness in learning, there is lack of research studies to elucidate the accessibility of MOOCs for learners with disabilities. The main goals of this paper are 1) to evaluate the accessibility of MOOCs from the perspective of Universal Design for Learning (UDL) and 2) to identify critical barriers diminishing the accessibility issues. First, we performed a manual testing to evaluate three MOOC platforms (i.e., Coursera, edX, and Khan Academy) on the computer and the mobile platform with the UDL principles. Second, we conducted a user study with four participants with visual impairment. From the walkthrough experience in the interview sessions, we identified critical obstacles in accessibility of MOOCs. The results indicate that the three MOOCs platforms met only 52% of the 40 UDL categories. Overall, the computer-based MOOC platform received higher accessibility scores than that of the mobile-based MOOC platform though the difference was marginal. Finally, we present four main obstacles related to the low accessibility issues in MOOCs.

An Eye Movement Analysis with Process Mining Techniques for Usability Evaluation

Kyudong Park,Sung H. Han 대한인간공학회 2017 대한인간공학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2017 No.11

The main purpose of this study is to propose an analysis and visualization method of eye movement that can be employed for usability evaluation. Eye tracking in usability evaluation has become more common over the past few years. A gaze plot and a heat map are popularly used to visualize the pattern of gaze movements, but it is difficult to integrate the gaze data of many subjects. We proposed a new method with process mining techniques, and a case study was conducted on K-MOOC website with 12 participants. As a result, a process model was derived from the event log based on the eye movements, and a gaze movement pattern could be obtained by using the developed model. We also found potential usability problems through simulation of the model and the bottlenecks. The proposed method might help to provide novel insights in usability evaluation.

Touch or Push?: Button Design for VR HMD using Hand Interaction

Kyudong Park,Dohyeon Kim,Sung H. Han 대한인간공학회 2018 대한인간공학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2018 No.5

Virtual reality (VR) enhances immersion by allowing users to view and manipulate virtual situations, landscapes, or objects through devices such as HMDs (Head-Mounted Displays). The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of button depth on the usability of virtual buttons in VR environments using hand interaction. The experiment was conducted in a desktop setting with Oculus Rift and Leap motion, and was designed with a balanced Latin Square. A total of 18 subjects performed a button selection task. Task completion time, number of errors, and subjective preferences were used to test different levels of button depth. The touch method that has 0-mm depth took a shorter task completion time with higher scores of subjective preferences. However, the push method that has 10-mm depth recorded a smaller number of errors, due to the visual push-feedback. The results can be applied to many different application areas.

Understanding Factors influencing User Experience of Lateral Semi-Autonomous Driving System

Kyudong Park(박규동) 대한인간공학회 2020 대한인간공학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2020 No.10

Comparison of Android Development Environment in Perspective of Accessibility

Kyudong Park,Hyo-Jeong So 대한인간공학회 2016 대한인간공학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2016 No.11

The main goal of this work is to compare the standard application developed on the native Android environment and the testing application developed on the non-native environments. Nowadays, in case of Android or iOS, the number of developers adopting a non-native development environment is growing for productivity and convenience. In this study, we investigated how the fragmentation of development environments affects the accessibility of mobile applications in terms of a screen reader. We first created applications for testing the purpose in various Android development environments (Native Android, App Inventor, Ionic, Unity, and Xamarin) using basic user interface components. Then, by the Talkback screen reader for visually impaired in Android, the accessibility of the testing applications was evaluated through the conformance testing method with the pre-defined checklist. Some accessibility issues, such as low compatibility with the screen reader, nonsupport of alternative text in images, and uncontrollable components, were found in the non-native environments. This study reveals that non-native environments do not perfectly support the accessibility feature even though they enable developers to improve productivity and convenience. The results of the comparison study might help to call developers’ attention to accessibility issues on the development environment. Further research may explore how non-native environments can be redesigned to support accessibility features.

Adaptive Dynamic Programming Method for Seamless Image Stitching

Jungsik Park,Kyudong Sim,Sang Hwa Lee,Jong-Il Park 대한전자공학회 2017 대한전자공학회 학술대회 Vol.2017 No.1

인공지능 기반 의사결정지원시스템의 사용자 경험 디자인 사례 연구

박규동(Kyudong Park),김현수(Hyeonsu Kim),신수빈(Su-bin Shin) 대한인간공학회 2022 대한인간공학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2022 No.10

Literature Review on the Trust Calibration Issue of Automated Vehicles: How to Measure and Determine the Trust?

Junseong Park,Sung H. Han,Kyudong Park 대한인간공학회 2018 대한인간공학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2018 No.5

Automated vehicles can perform many parts of driving tasks that used to be managed by a human driver these days. However, it is important to calibrate appropriate levels of trust to make drivers accept the technology. The aim of this study is to derive design factors for the automated vehicles to calibrate trust based on literature reviews. This study is a fundamental one in automated vehicles before their commercialization, and conducted literature reviews to find factors estimating trust and factors determining trust. As a result, a total of 12 trust estimating factors were found: deceptive, underhanded manner, suspicious, wary, harmful or injurious outcome, confident, security, integrity, dependable, reliable, trust, and familiar. and they were categorized into five representative groups: performance, experience, information, faults, and display. This study can be used to calibrate trust of automated vehicles.