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Kotb Eman A.,El-Shiekh Riham A.,Hassan Mariam,Abd-Elsalam Wessam Hamdy,El Tanbouly Nebal,El Senousy Amira Safwat 한국응용생명화학회 2024 Applied Biological Chemistry (Appl Biol Chem) Vol.67 No.-
Acne is a highly prevalent skin disease with a great psychological impact on patients as self-perception, self-confidence, and depression. This work aimed to develop an anti-acne preparation from active anti-bacterial medicinal plants to circumvent the severe side effects and drug resistance commonly reported with topical erythromycin anti-acne preparations. Essential oils: Salvia officinalis L. (sage), Rosmarinus officinalis L. (rosemary), Commiphora myrrha Nees Engl. (myrrh), Origanum majorana L. (marjoram), Pelargonium zonale L. L’Hér. ex Aiton (geranium) and Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat. (chrysanthemum) were extracted by hydrodistillation and analyzed using gas chromatography/ mass spectrometry (GC/MS). The anti-acne activities of the oils against Cutibacterium acnes ATCC 6919 were evaluated by microdilution methods to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC). The most active essential oils were loaded in a film-forming nanogel prepared with chitosan, pluronic F127 and glycerol in the ratio of 3:1:1, prior to investigation in a murine acne in vivo model. Marjoram and chrysanthemum oils showed the highest antimicrobial activity against C. acnes (MIC = 0.156% v/v and 0.125% v/v, respectively). GC/MS of the actives showed that gamma-terpinene (26.46%) and terpinen-4-ol (22.24%) were the predominant constituents in marjoram, whereas chrysanthenone (32.79%) was the main component in chrysanthemum. The formulated essential oil-loaded film-forming nanogels of both oils exhibited significant anti-acne activity in mice via reducing the bacterial loads, activating the antioxidant nuclear factor erythroid 2–related factor 2 (Nrf2) pathway and inhibiting the inflammatory tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) pathway. Further studies should be designed to evaluate the clinical evidence for the use of marjoram and chrysanthemum oil products in acne treatment.
Subclinical hypothyroidism in children: updates for pediatricians
Metwalley Kotb Abbass,Farghaly Hekma Saad 대한소아내분비학회 2021 Annals of Pediatirc Endocrinology & Metabolism Vol.26 No.2
Subclinical hypothyroidism (SH) is defined as serum thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) above the upper limit of the reference range in the presence of normal free T4 concentrations. Depending on the degree of TSH elevation, SH could be defined as mild (TSH, 4.5–10 mIU/L) or severe (TSH>10 mIU/L). While there is a general consensus to treat children with serum TSH levels above 10 mU/L, the management of the mild form is uncertain and should be individualized. In this mini-review, we present a brief review of SH in children based on extensive literature review and long-standing clinical experience. This review provides the prevalence, causes, clinical presentation, consequences, investigation, and up-to-date therapeutic approach of SH in children. Generally, the purpose of the review is to provide pediatricians with an update of this common and continuously evolving condition.
Amer Kotb 한국물리학회 2015 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.66 No.10
The performance of an all-optical NOR gate is numerically simulated and investigated. The NOR Boolean function is realized by using a semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA) incorporated in Mach- Zehnder interferometer (MZI) arms and exploiting the nonlinear effect of two-photon absorption (TPA). If the input pulse intensities is adjusting to be high enough, the TPA-induced phase change can be larger than the regular gain-induced phase change and hence support ultrafast operation in the dual rail switching mode. The numerical study is carried out by taking into account the effect of the amplified spontaneous emission (ASE). The dependence of the output quality factor (Q-factor) on critical data signals and SOAs parameters is examined and assessed. The obtained results confirm that the NOR gate implemented with the proposed scheme is capable of operating at a data rate of 250 Gb/s with logical correctness and high output Q-factor.
Amer Kotb 한국물리학회 2016 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.68 No.2
The performance of an all-optical logic OR gate is numerically studied and simulated. This Boolean operation is realized by using a semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA) and a delayed interferometer (DI) based on two-photon absorption (TPA). The input pulse intensities are high enough so that the two-photon-induced phase change is larger than the regular gain-induced phase change. The study is carried out with the effect of the amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) taken into account in the simulation analysis. The dependence of the output quality factor (Q-factor) on the data signals and SOA’s parameters is also investigated and discussed. The achieved results show that the OR gate is capable of operating at a data speed of 250 Gb/s with logical correctness and proper Q-factor.
Mohamed F. Kotb,Attia A. El‑Fergany 대한전기학회 2020 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.15 No.1
In this article, an efcient moth swarm-based optimal power fow (OPF) methodology is addressed. Three objectives are considered such as minimizations of (i) total fuel cost of production units including efects of valve ripples, (ii) emission rate, and (iii) network real power loss. Set of operating constraints are adapted considering production units’ prohibited zones to emulate real analysis along with security aspects. The moth swarm optimizer (MSO) is employed to generate the best values of the specifed design continuous and discrete control variables. Two test cases viz. IEEE 30-bus and 57-bus networks are demonstrated under various scenarios. The simulations are performed under MATLAB environment. Numerical simulations, subsequent discussions and appropriate comparisons to other methods indicate the viability of the proposed MSO-OPF tool. At last, the compulsory performance measures are made to confrm the observed performance of the MSO algorithm in solving OPF problem.
Guidelines for the use and interpretation of assays for monitoring autophagy (3rd edition)
Klionsky, Daniel J,Abdelmohsen, Kotb,Abe, Akihisa,Abedin, Md Joynal,Abeliovich, Hagai,Acevedo Arozena, Abraham,Adachi, Hiroaki,Adams, Christopher M,Adams, Peter D,Adeli, Khosrow,Adhihetty, Peter J,Adl Informa UK (TaylorFrancis) 2016 AUTOPHAGY Vol.12 No.1
Procedural outcomes of laparoscopic caudate lobe resection: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Shahab Hajibandeh,Ahmed Kotb,Louis Evans,Emily Sams,Andrew Naguib,Shahin Hajibandeh,Thomas Satyadas 한국간담췌외과학회 2023 Annals of hepato-biliary-pancreatic surgery Vol.27 No.1
A systematic review was conducted in compliance with PRISMA statement standards to identify all studies reporting outcomes of laparoscopic resection of benign or malignant lesions located in caudate lobe of liver. Pooled outcome data were calculated using random-effects models. A total of 196 patients from 12 studies were included. Mean operative time, volume of intraoperative blood loss, and length of hospital stay were 225 minutes (95% confidence interval [CI], 181–269 minutes), 134 mL (95% CI, 85–184 mL), and 7 days (95% CI, 5–9 days), respectively. The pooled risk of need for intraoperative transfusion was 2% (95% CI, 0%–5%). It was 3% (95% CI, 1%–6%) for conversion to open surgery, 6% (95% CI, 0%–19%) for need for intra-abdominal drain, 1% (95% CI, 0%–3%) for postoperative mortality, 2% (95% CI, 0%–4%) for biliary leakage, 2% (95% CI, 0%–4%) for intra-abdominal abscess, 1% (95% CI, 0%–4%) for biliary stenosis, 1% (95% CI, 0%–3%) for postoperative bleeding, 1% (95% CI, 0%–4%) for pancreatic fistula, 2% (95% CI, 1%–5%) for pulmonary complications, 1% (95% CI, 0%–4%) for paralytic ileus, and 1% (95% CI, 0%–4%) for need for reoperation. Although the available evidence is limited, the findings of the current study might be utilized for hypothesis synthesis in future studies. They can be used to inform surgeons and patients about estimated risks of perioperative complications until a higher level of evidence is available.
Hassan Akef,Nahla Kotb,Dina Abo-Elmatty,Sayed Salem 대한암예방학회 2017 Journal of cancer prevention Vol.22 No.1
The present study evaluated the effects of Androctonus amoreuxi scorpion venom, Cerastes cerastes snake venom and their mixture on prostate cancer cells (PC3). An MTT assay was used to determine the anti-proliferative effect of the venoms, while quantitative real time PCR was used to evaluate the expression of apoptosis-related genes (Bax and Bcl-2). Furthermore, colorimetric assays were used to measure the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and antioxidant enzymes. Our results show that the venoms significantly reduced PC3 cell viability in a dose-dependent manner. On the other hand, these venoms significantly decreased Bcl-2 gene expression. Additionally, C. cerastes venom significantly reduced Bax gene expression, while A. amoreuxi venom and a mixture of A. amoreuxi & C. cerastes venoms did not alter Bax expression. Consequently, these venoms significantly increased the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio and the oxidative stress biomarker MDA. Furthermore, these venoms also increased the activity levels of the antioxidant enzymes, catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, and glutathione-S-transferase. Overall, the venoms have cytotoxic and anti-proliferative effects on PC3 cells.
Possible two non-linear regions in the IeV characteristics of ZnO varistors
A. Sedky,H. Mahfoz Kotb 한국물리학회 2013 Current Applied Physics Vol.13 No.9
We report here structural and IeV characteristics of ZnO varistor with Fe2O3 nanoparticles additions(≤200 nm). It was found that the addition of Fe does not influence the wurtzite structure of ZnO ceramics,while the average grain size was affected. Interestingly, the nonlinear regionwas clearly observedin the IeV characteristics of the samples with Fe = 2.5%, 5% and 10%. Whereas, two nonlinear regionswere only observed with further increase of Fe addition above 10% (30% and 50%). Although the values ofnon-linear coefficient are decreased by the additions of Fe, the breakdown field could be increased up to7900 V/cm. Furthermore, the electrical conductivity was improved by increasing Fe up to 10%, followedby a decrease with further increase of Fe up to 50%. These results were discussed in terms of Fe2O3nanosize grains which were formed and localized at the grain boundaries of ZnO ceramics.