Investigation of the Association between Normal-tension Glaucoma and Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms in Natriuretic Peptide Gene

( Jin Wook Jeoung ),( Dong Myung Kim ),( Hyun Soo Ko ),( Sung Sup Park ),( Ji Yeon Kim ),( Sung Yeun Kim ),( Tai Woo Yoo ) 대한안과학회 2007 Korean Journal of Ophthalmology Vol.21 No.1

Purpose: The expression of natriuretic peptides in the neural bundles of the anterior portion of the optic nerves and their functions in regulating vessel tone and blood flow may suggest a possible role in the pathogenesis of glaucoma. The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between normal-tension glaucoma and the genetic variations of atrial natriuretic peptide (Nppa) and natriuretic peptide receptor A (Npr1) gene. Methods: Sixty-seven Korean normal-tension glaucoma (NTG) patients and 100 healthy subjects (as normal controls) were enrolled. DNA from peripheral blood leukocytes was extracted, and the genotypes of five polymorphisms (c.94G>A, c.454T>C, IVS1+16C>T, IVS2+701G>A, and c.-764C>G) in the Nppa gene and one polymorphism (c.1023G>C) in the Npr1 gene were determined using the restriction fragment length polymorphism and the SNaPshot methods. The genotype and allele frequencies of these polymorphisms in patients with NTG and normal controls were compared using the Fisher`s exact test and the chi-square test. Results: In both groups, the genotype distributions were in accordance with the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. There was no significant difference in the frequency of the Nppa and Npr1 alleles or genotypes in the normal-tension glaucoma group as compared to the control group. Conclusions: Nppa and Npr1 gene polymorphisms are not associated with normal-tension glaucoma, suggesting that this gene does not have an important role in the pathogenesis of optic neuropathy in this disease.

불면증에 대한 L-Tryptophan의 임상적 효과

김문열,정희연 大韓神經精神醫學會 1985 신경정신의학 Vol.24 No.2

This study was conducted on 18 insomniac patients who had visited neuro-psychiatric department of Eulji General Hospital from September 1, 1984 to December 31, 1984. The subjects were 11 males and 7 females with a mean age of 37.9 years. All had a diagnosis of primary insomnia. Patients with other psychiatric disorders or organic diseases were eliminated. Each patient was first studied for two to three preliminary baseline nights prior to the main study, and then for four to six complete main study nights. The drug and placebo nights were randomly distributed for each patients. 30 minutes before retiring to bed on a study night, each patient received 2mg of L-tryptophan with 100mg of nicotinamide, 10mg of pyridoxine and 500mg of ascorbic acid at drug nights or same amount of placebo at placebo nights. Sleep was investigated by means of behavioral observations every 15 minutes throuhgout the night and by a brief interview and questionnaire the morning after each study night. All data analyses were done separately for the entire group of 18 patients and also for this group of 14 "objectively insomniac" patients. Results of the objective observations were tabulated and analyzed for three variables. The result indicate that 2mg of L-tryptophan had a significant effect in the direction of better sleep on total sleep and sleep latency but no significant effect on number of awakenings. Overall, the results were somewhat more marked in the 14 "objectively insomniac" group than in entire sample of 18 patients. Data from questionnaires given in the morning after sleep study nights indicate that tryptophan nights were rated significantly higher than both baseline nights and placebo nights on subjective estimate of sleep but the difference between tryptophan and placebo did not reach statistical significance and tryptophan nights were rated significantly higher than only baseline nights on subjective estimate of feeling state in the morning..

A Co-inhibitory Molecule, B7-H4, Synergistically Potentiates Oral Tolerance by Inducing CD4+CD25+FoxP3+ T Cells

Wen, Lanying,Yang, Sung-Yeun,Choi, Jae-Kyoung,Kim, Young-Hee,Kwon, Eun-Hee,Lee, Hyun-Ji,Jeoung, Hae-Young,Hwang, Du-Hyeon,Hwang, Dong-Jin,Choi, In-Hak The Korean Association of Immunobiologists 2008 Immune Network Vol.8 No.1

Background: A co-inhibitory molecule, B7-H4, is believed to negatively regulate T cell immunity by suppressing T cell proliferation and inhibiting cytokine production. However, the mechanism behind B7-H4-mediated tolerance remains unclear. Methods: Balb/c $(H-2^d)$ mice were fed with dendritic cell line, DC2.4 $(H-2^d)$ every day for 10 days. Meantime, mice were hydrodynamically injected with recombinant plasmid expressing B7-H4 fusion protein (B7-H4.hFc) or hFc via tail vein. One day after last feeding, mice were immunized with allogeneic B6 spleen cells. 14 days following immunization, mice were challenged with B6 spleen cells to ear back and the ear swelling was determined the next day. Subsequently, a mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR) was also performed and cytokines profiles from the reaction were examined by sandwich ELISA. Frequency of immunosuppressive cell population was assayed with flow cytometry and mRNA for FoxP3 was determined by RT-PCR. Results: Tolerant mice given plasmid expressing B7-H4.hFc showed a significant reduction in ear swelling compared to control mice. In addition, T cells from mice given B7-H4.hFc plasmid revealed a significant hyporesponsiveness of T cells against allogeneic spleen cells and showed a significant decrease in Th1 and Th2 cytokines such as IFN-${\gamma}$, IL-5, and TNF-${\alpha}$. Interestingly, flow cytometric analysis showed that the frequency of CD4+CD25+FoxP3+ Tregs in spleen was increased in tolerant mice given recombinant B7-H4.hFc plasmid compared to control group. Conclusion: Our results demonstrate that B7-H4 synergistically potentiates oral tolerance induced by allogeneic cells by increasing the frequency of FoxP3+ CD4+CD25+ Treg and reducing Th1 and Th2 cytokine production.

임상 : 대장암의 뇌전이 환자에서 감마나이프 방사선 수술의 임상적 고찰

김민석 ( Min Seok Kim ),박성현 ( Seong Hyun Park ),황정현 ( Jeoung Hyun Hwang ),황성규 ( Sung Kyoo Hwang ),함인석 ( In Suk Hamm ),박연묵 ( Yeun Mook Park ) 대한뇌종양학회 2008 대한뇌종양학회지 Vol.7 No.2

Objective:The purpose of this study was to evaluate results following Gamma knife radiosurgery(GKS) for patients with metastatic brain tumor from colorectal cancer and to identify prognostic factor for survival. Methods:Between January 2005 and December 2007, we evaluated 22 brain metastases from colorectal cancer in 10 consecutive patients who underwent GKS at our institute. The medical records of these patients were reviewed retrospectively and survival analysis was performed. Results:Brain metastases occurred concurrently with lung metastases(5 cases, 50%), and liver metastases(2 cases, 20%), otherwise single brain metastases were found in 3 cases. Between the diagnosis of primary cancer and brain metastases, the mean interval was 142 weeks. The mean survival time after GKS was 31 weeks. Number of tumor was a significant prognostic factor(p=0.023). Conclusion:As brain metastases of the colorectal cancer usually represent as a late complicaion of the systemic disease, an effective low-morbidity technique for controlling brain metastases is required. GKS satisfies these criteria in treating brain metastases from colorectal cancer and therefore provides patients with a better quality of their remaining life.

성인남녀 480명에서의 골밀도와 비만의 상관관계에 관한 임상적 연구

장수진,김정연,육태한,Jang Soo-Jin,Kim Jeoung-Yeun,Yook Tae-Han 대한침구의학회 1998 대한침구의학회지 Vol.15 No.2

Osteoporosis is the most common metabolic disease of the bone, and constitutes one of the most important major pubulic health problems world wide. Therefore, in order to be helped early diagnosis, treatment and prevention of osteoporosis, measurement of Bone Mineral Density (BMD) is to be needed. Authors has analysed Bone Mineral Density (BMD) of 480 normal adults who visited woo suk unoversity Oriental Meclical Center from April 1998 to July 1998. The aims of this study is to investigate correlation between Bone Mineral Density (BMD) and age distribution, to examine the correlation between Bone Mineral Density (BMD) and Obesity. The results were as follows. 1. In distribution of age, the peak bone density of lumbar spine was noted around 30 years, and the peak bone density of the femoral neck was noted around 20 years. The age related loss of bone density follows soon after peak density. And the signifficant difference was revealed between lumbar spine and femoral neck bone density (p<0.001) 2. In distribution of sex, the bone density in male was signifficantly higher than in female (p<0.001). 3. In the correlation between Bone Mineral Density (BMD) and Obesity, Bone Mineral Density (BMD) in obese group was signifficantly higher than in non-obese group. Especially, in female from 50 up to 69 years, BMD had a positive correlation with Body mass index(BMI).

완전좌각차단(Complete LBBB)환자의 균형마취

임유택,권혁권,정병연,김세강,정용일 대한마취과학회 1996 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.31 No.6

Local or general anesthesia is essential for safe operation. Patients in good preoperative condition are relatively to tolerable to the operation, but the patients in poor preoperative condition have the high mortality and morbidity during and after the operation. Therefore, we should choose the anesthetic agents and methods, which cause little effect to the patients life. Among the intraventricular blocks, bundle branch is the most common type, and left bundle branch block may progress to a more serious condition of complete heart block. Optimal anesthetic management of patients with cardiovascular disease requires a thorough knowledge of normal cardiac physiology, the circulatory effects of the various anesthetic agents, and the pathophysiology and treatment of these diseases. The authors successfully performed balanced anesthesia in operation of a 63 year old female patient who showed complete left bundle branch block pattern in a preoperative electrocardiographic tracing without any subjective symptoms.

갈색세포종 적출수술시의 Isoflurane 마취

임유택,권혁권,김세광,정용일,정병연 대한마취과학회 1997 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.32 No.1

We have experienced an anesthetic management of a 34 year old female patient with pheochromocytoma of left adrenal gland. The anesthetic management of patients presents many difficult problems, such as hypertension, arrhythmia and hypotension. The patient had been treated with phenoxybenzamine for 2 weeks preoperatively. Following induction of anesthesia with intravenous fentanyl, thiopental sodium and vecuronium, endotracheal intubation was performed. Anesthesia was maintained with nitrous oxide, oxygen and isoflurane administration. Blood pressure and pulse were controlled well with nitroprusside and isoflurane. After removal of tumor, blood pressure was controlled by Hartman's solution, packed red cell and dopamine administration. The patient tolerated well despite the episodic hemodynamic changes. Importance of preoperative preparation, sufficient sedation, smooth induction, complete analgesia, good muscle relaxation and stable cardiovascular control has been discussed. (Korean J Anesthesiol 1997; 32: 122∼126)

흰쥐 신경교종세포에서 카드뮴 세포독성에 대한 키토산의 효과

백용아(Yong-Ah Baik),이정래(Jeoung-Rae Lee),김강득(Gang-Deuk Kim),김혜원(Hye-Won Kim),이한솔(Han-Sol Lee),허정무(Jung-Mu Hur),오재민(Jay-Min Oh),최민규(Min-Kyu Choi),정연태(Yeun-Tai Chung) 한국독성학회 2004 Toxicological Research Vol.20 No.1

Casapse-3 protease is known as a key role of apoptotic enzyme, and caspase-3 activity is a central event that occurs upstream of DNA fragmentation during apoptosis. This study demonstrates that chitosan pretreatment inhibits cadmium-induced apoptosis by attenuating the activity of caspase-3. We also analyzed the protective effect of chitosan on DNA fragmentation induced by cadmium. Cadmium toxicity was examined by DNA fragmentation and nuclear condensation with Hoechst stain. Caspase-3 activities were increased cadmium treated group for 3 hours compared with control. When chitosan (150 mg/ml) was pretreated at 30 min before cadmium treatment, cadmium cytotoxicity was suppressed in a dose-dependent manner evaluated by DNA fragmentation and caspase activity. From these results, it is suggest that the protective effect of chitosan pretreatment against cadmium-induced cytotoxicity is mediated through inhibition of caspase-3 protease activation and DNA fragmentation.