韓國 株式市場에서 신규공모주의 低價發行에 關한 硏究

許正壽,吳起賢 호남대학교 1997 호남대학교 학술논문집 Vol.18 No.3

The issuing value of the Initial Public Offerings(IPO) to the public has been thought to be relatively low compared to the actual value of the affected companies. Generally investors are aware of the underpricing of the IPO and this has been supported by previously empirical studies. However, investors can obtain only a limited amount of information regarding the firm's value, because firm's prospectus contains data that are mostly past-oriented accounting numbers and does not reveal much on the more value-relevant information such as growth potential of the firm. In this study, underpricing is defined as the difference between offering price and the market price of intraday. First, the purpose of this study is twofold : IPO's underpricing effect, exist in the Korean stock market. Second, if underpricing does exist in the Korean stock market, this study is to examine what components have an influence on this phenomenon. Data for this empirical study consist of 100 companies that are newly listed on the Korean Stock Exchange from the fiscal year of 1994-1997, with exception of the financial and insurance companies in order to determine which factors influence underpricing and its existence. And financial data of these companies are collected from Ssangyong Investment Securities Co. The statistical methods used in this study were correlation analysis and multiple regression analysis. The results of this study showed that from 1994-1997 underpricing occured in 43%, 57%, 59% and 68% of newly listed companies. These findings suggest that constraining initial offering price may not be a good idea when determining initial offering price. And the result of regression analysis showed that among the eight variables only three variables (relative value, underwriter's reputation and ex-year capital stock) were significant determinants of underpricing.

分析的 檢討節次에 따른 政府機關의 財務狀態評價에 관한 硏究

許南秀,朴基丁 慶南大學校 産業經營硏究所 1996 産業經營 Vol.19 No.-

사각격자체계 수치모델에서의 경사면 처리기법에 관하여

허동수(Hur Dong-Soo),이우동(Lee Woo-Dong),배기성(Bae Ki-Seong) 대한토목학회 2008 대한토목학회논문집 B Vol.28 No.5B

본 연구에서는 사각격자체계를 이용하는 수치해석기법을 대상으로 격자내에 생성되는 경사면의 합리적인 처리 및 경계조건을 검토하기 위하여 사각격자내에 존재하는 불투과성 및 투과성구조물의 경사면에 대한 새로운 처리기법과 경계조건을 제안한 후, 파ㆍ구조물ㆍ해저지반/해빈의 상호간섭을 직접 해석할 수 있는 3D-수치모델(LES-WASS-3D; 허와 이, 2007)을 이용하여 수치계산을 실시하였다. 이로부터 얻어진 계산결과와 종래의 계단식 격자구성을 이용한 수치해석결과를 비교ㆍ검토하여 제안한 사각격자내의 경사면 처리기법에 대한 타당성을 검증하였다. Present study aims at the development of a reasonable boundary condition for a structure over inclined seabed in case of the numerical model with quadrilateral mesh system. The technique for the inclined impermeable/permeable boundary in the quadrilateral mesh is newly proposed. The new technique and LES-WASS-3D model (Hur and Lee, 2007) have been used for the investigation of the dynamics of fluid field, and validated through the comparison with a typical stair-type boundary condition. 3-Dimensional numerical model with Large Eddy Simulation is called LES-WASS-3D, and is able to simulate directly interaction of WAveㆍStructureㆍSea bed/Sandy beach.

전신홍반루푸스에 동반된 항인지질항체 증후군 환자에서 괴저농피증 양상으로 발현된 족부 궤양

허기훈 ( Ki Hoon Hur ),곽승기 ( Seung Ki Kwok ),박윤정 ( Yoon Jung Park ),최진정 ( Jin Jung Choi ),조철수 ( Chul Soo Cho ) 대한류마티스학회 2008 대한류마티스학회지 Vol.15 No.2

Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is characterized by vascular thrombosis in association with elevated titers of antiphospholipid antibodies. Leg ulcers are a considered to be a cutaneous manifestation of APS due to thrombosis of small to medium sized vessels. We report a case of necrotic non-healing, ankle ulcers mimicking pyoderma gangrenosum associated with APS in 50-year-old man. He had a past history of autoimmune thrombocytopenia and cerebral infarction. Laboratory findings showed a circulating lupus anticoagulant, positive anticardiolipin antibodies as well as anti-dsDNA and anti-Sm antibodies. Skin biopsy of ulcer lesions showed thrombotic vasculopathy of medium sized vessels with minimal leukocyte infiltration. Ulcers were successfully treated with surgical debridement and subsequent skin graft along with anticoagulation therapy.

혼성방파제에 작용하는 3차원 파압구조에 미치는 위상차의 영향

허동수(Hur Dong-Soo),염경선(Yeom Gyeong-Seon),배기성(Bae Ki-Seong) 대한토목학회 2006 대한토목학회논문집 B Vol.26 No.5B

In designing the coastal structures, the accurate estimation of wave forces on them is very important. Recently, the empirical formulae such as Goda formula are widely used to estimate wave forces, as well as 2-D hydraulic and numerical model tests. But, sometimes, these estimation methods mentioned above seem to be unreasonable to predict 3-D structure of wave pressure on the coastal structures with 3-D plane arrangement in the real coastal area. Especially, in case of consideration of phase difference at harbor and seaward sides of the large-sized coastal structures like a composite breakwater, it is easily expected that the real wave pressures on each section of coastal structure have 3-D distribution. A new numerical model of 3-D Large Eddy Simulation, which is applicable to permeable structure, is developed to clarify the 3-D structure of wave pressures acting on coastal structure. The calculated wave forces on 3-D structure installed on the submerged breakwater show in good agreement with the measured values. In this study, the composite breakwater is adopted as a representative structure among the large-sized coastal structures and the 3-D structure of wave pressures on it is discussed in relation to the phase difference at harbor and seaward sides of it due to wave diffraction and transmitted wave through rubble mound. 현재 해안구조물의 설계시에는 현지관측을 토대로 한 Goda식(Goda, 1974)과 같은 경험식이나 2차원적인 수리수치모형실험을 통한 파력값을 많이 사용하고 있다. 하지만 이러한 2차원 해석결과들은 실해역에 설치된 구조물의 평면배치형상에 따라 변화하는 작용파력의 3차원 구조를 재현하기에는 무리가 있는 듯 하다. 특히, 혼성방파제와 같은 대형구조물의 항외측과 항내측에서 위상차가 발생하는 경우에는 구조물의 단면별로 파력이 각기 다르게 작용할 것으로 판단된다. 본 연구에서는, 해안구조물에 작용하는 파력의 3차원구조를 명확히 하기 위하여, 투과성구조물 및 쇄파현상도 적용이 가능한 기존의 수치해석기법(Hur and Mizutani, 2003)에 Large Eddy Simulation(LES)기법을 도입한 새로운 3차원 수치해석기법을 제안하였으며, 이 기법을 이용하여 얻어진 잠제상 구조물에서의 작용파력 계산치를 기존의 수리모형실험치와 비교한 결과, 좋은 일치성을 확인하였다. 또한, 대형해안구조물 중 혼성방파제를 본 연구의 대상구조물로하여, 사석마운드로의 투과 및 개구부로의 회절의 영향으로 인해 발생하는 위상차를 고려한 3차원 파력구조에 관해 논의하였으며, 2차원 해석으로는 규명할 수 없었던 3차원적인 동적 파력특성을 파악할 수 있었다.

Comparison of 2-year clinical outcomes between diabetic versus nondiabetic patients with acute myocardial infarction after 1-month stabilization: Analysis of the prospective registry of DIAMOND (DIabetic acute myocardial infarctiON Disease) in Korea: an

Hur, Seung-Ho,Won, Ki-Bum,Kim, In-Cheol,Bae, Jang-Ho,Choi, Dong-Ju,Ahn, Young-Keun,Park, Jong-Seon,Kim, Hyo-Soo,Choi, Rak-Kyeong,Choi, Donghoon,Kim, Joon-Hong,Han, Kyoo-Rok,Park, Hun-Sik,Choi, So-Yeon Williams & Wilkins Co 2016 Medicine Vol.95 No.25

<P>This study assessed the 2-year clinical outcomes of patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) after acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in a cohort of the DIAMOND (DIabetic Acute Myocardial infarctiON Disease) registry. Clinical outcomes were compared between 1088 diabetic AMI patients in the DIAMOND registry after stabilization of MI and 1088 nondiabetic AMI patients from the KORMI (Korean AMI) registry after 1:1 propensity score matching using traditional cardiovascular risk factors. Stabilized patients were defined as patients who did not have any clinical events within 1 month after AMI. Primary outcomes were the 2-year rate of major adverse cardiac events (MACEs), a composite of all-cause death, recurrent MI (re-MI), and target vessel revascularization (TVR). Matched comparisons revealed that diabetic patients exhibited significantly lower left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and estimated glomerular filtration rate and smaller stent size. Diabetic patients exhibited significantly higher 2-year rates of MACE (8.0% vs 3.7%), all-cause death (3.9% vs 1.4%), re-MI (2.8% vs 1.2%), and TVR (3.5% vs 1.3%) than nondiabetic patients (all P<0.01), and higher cumulative rates in Kaplan-Meier analyses of MACE, all-cause death, and TVR (all P<0.05). A multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed that chronic kidney disease, LVEF<35%, and long stent were independent predictors of MACE, and large stent diameter and the use of drug-eluting stents were protective factors against MACE. The 2-year MACE rate beyond 1 month after AMI was significantly higher in DM patients than non-DM patients, and this rate was associated with higher comorbidities, coronary lesions, and procedural characteristics in DM.</P>

전위차법을 이용한 페놀성 두 팔을 가진 크라운계 화합물과 전이금속과의 착물에 관한 연구

허황,안윤수,지기환 울산대학교 2002 자연과학논문집 Vol.11 No.2

페놀성 양팔을 가진 4,13 디아자-18-크라운-6-에테르계 리간드 2-6을 Mannich 반응을 통해 합성하였으며, 리간드와 금속 이온간의 착물 형성에 있어서 리간드에 양팔로 존재하는 페놀기의 영향과 디아자 크라운고리의 효과를 비교하기 위해서 모델화합물 7과 8을 합성하였다. 리간드의 양성자 첨가 평형상수와 금속 착물의 안정수 상수를 95% 메탄올 용액에서 전위차 적정법으로 측정한 결과, 염기성 조건에서 리간드 2-6과 전이금속 이온간의 안정도 상수의 크기는 Co^2-<Ni^2-<Cu^2- 순서였으며, 이는 William-Irving의 안정도 순서와 일치하였다. 페놀성 양팔을 갖는 리간드 2-6은 팔이 없는 거대고리 리간드 1 또는 벤질기가 양팔로 존재하는 리간드 7보다는 안정도 상수가 크나, 거대고리는 없고 페놀성 양팔이 있는 리간드 8의 안정도 상수와는 근사한 값을 갖는다. 이와 같은 사실은 금속이온과의 착물형성 시 리간드 양팔에 달려 있는 페놀성 음이온이 아자크라운 고리 보다 더 큰 역할을 함을 말해주는 것이다. 양팔에 para 치환체를 가지는 다섯 종류의 리간드 2-6과 여러 가지 금속 이온간의 착물 형성시 페놀고리에 전자를 끄는 기로 치환된 리간드가 전자를 주는 기로 치환된 리간드보다 큰 안정도 상수를 가짐을 알 수 있었다. 이러한 치환기 효과는, 페놀 고리에 전자 주는 기가 있으면 페놀 고리 내에 전자밀도가 커짐으로 인해 양성자성 용매가 페놀성 음이온을 더욱 세게 용매화하는 소위 용매효과에 의한 것으로 여겨진다. The aminomethylation of phenols with para-substituents by the Mannich reaction has successfully been accomplished to produce tin1 Mannich bases 2-6. The compounds 7-8 have been also synthesized in order to identify the effect of side arms and the macrocycle in the complex formation. The protonation constants of ligands and stability constants of the double armed 4,13-diaza-18-crown-6-ethers containing nitrogen and oxygen donors with metal ions have been determined by potentiometric method at 25℃ in 95% methanol solution. Under the basic condition, the double-armed crown ethers 2-6 revealed stronger interaction with divalent metal ions than the simple monocyclic crown ether 1. The stability constants for these metal ions were Co^2-<Ni^2-<Cu^2->Zn^2- in increasing order, which were in accordance with Williams-Irving series. It is noteworthy that the ligands 2-6, which have phenolic side arms and a macrocycle, bound strongly with metal ions than the ligand 1 and 7. On the other hand, the ligand 8, which has phenolic side arms with a pyperazine ring provided comparable stability constants to those with the ligands 2-6. This fact demonstrates that phenolic side arms play more important role than the aza-crown ether ring in the process of making a complex with metal ions especially in the basic condition. In particular, the log K_ML values for complexation of divalent metal ions with the ligands 2-6 had the sequence, ie., 2(R=OCH_3) <3(R=CH_3) <4(R=H) <5(R=Cl) <6(R=CF_3). The stability currants of ligands containing electron-withdrawing group showed larger stability constants than ligands containing of electron donating group. This substituent effect is attributed to the solvent effect in that the aryl oxide with an electron donating group has a tendency to be tied strongly with protic solvents.

Effects of a Non-absorbable Gas on the Absorption Process in a Vertical Tube Absorber

Hur, ki-Joon,Jeong, Eun-Soo,Jeong, Si-Young The Society of Air-Conditioning and Refrigerating 1999 International Journal Of Air-Conditioning and Refr Vol.7 No.-

Effects of a non-absorbable gas on the absorption process in a vertical tube absorber has been investigated numerically. The water vapor mixed with air is absorbed into LiBr/water solution film. The flow is assumed to be laminar and fully developed in both liquid and gas phases. The diffusion and energy equations were solved in both phases to give the temperature and concentrations, from which heat and mass fluxes were determined. The local absorption rate has been shown to decrease as the mass fraction of air in the water vapor increases. The vapor pressure of water at the liquid-vapor is interface reduced significantly since the non-absorbable gas accumulates near the interface. The effects of non-absorbable gases on absorption rate become larger as the mass flow rate of the vapor decreases. For a small amount of non-absorbable gases, the total absorption rate of water vapor increases as the mass flow rate of the vapor decreases. The total absorption rate increases as the mass flow rate of the vapor increases for large concentrations of non-absorbable gases at the inlet of an absorber.

Human papillomavirus L1 capsid protein and HPV test as a biomarker for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia 2+

( Ki Eun Young ),( Min Jong Song ),( Keun Ho Lee ),( Soo Yoyung Hur ),( Jong Sup Park ),( Jin Hwi Kim ),( Joo Hee Yoon ),( Dong Choon Park ),( Sung Jong Lee ) 대한산부인과학회 2018 대한산부인과학회 학술대회 Vol.104 No.-

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the risk for development of CIN2+ using immunocytochemical expression of human papillomavirus (HPV) L1 capsid protein in patients with atypical squamous cells of unknown significance (ASCUS), and low grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (LSIL) with high risk of HPV infection. Methods: Between January 2013 and March 2018, we performed immunocytochemistry of HPV L1 protein in 285 women with minor cytologic abnormality of uterine cervix (70 ASCUS, and 215 LSIL) with high risk HPV DNA infection. Cytoactiv HPV L1 screening set was used for detection of HPV L1 capsid protein in cervical cytology. The expression of HPV L1 capsid protein was evaluated by two pathologists independently. The risk for CIN2+ was calculated using results of immunocytochemistry and HPV DNA test. Akaike information criterion(AIK) and Schwarz criterion(SC) were used for a measure of the goodness fit of an estimated statistical model. Results: The risks of developing CIN2 were 6.9 folds higher in patients with HPV16 or 18 infection than in patients with non HPV 16 or 18 infection and negativity for HPV L1 capsid protein in the ASCUS group (odds ratio[OR] 6.9, 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.2-22.2, P=0.001) and 6.7 folds higher in the LSIL group(OR 6.7, 95% CI 2.5-18.3, P=0.0002) than in patients with non HPV 16 or 18 infection. Model comparison analysis revealed that combination of cytology, HPV capsid protein immunocytochemistry and HPV test demonstrated the highest prediction rate for CIN2 (Akaike information criterion[AIC]: 191.7,Schwarz criterion[SC]:206.3) Conclusion: In conclusion, women with ASCUS and LSIL, HPV L1 capsid protein negative, and HPV 16 or 18 infection showed significant relationship with CIN2+. The results of this study suggest that immunocytochemistry of HPV L1 protein can be used for prediction of CIN2+ in patients with ASCUS and LSIL with HPV 16 or 18 infection.

Vasomotor Symptoms: More Than Temporary Menopausal Symptoms

( Ki-jin Ryu ),( Hyuntae Park ),( Jin Seol Park ),( Yeon Woo Lee ),( Soo Young Kim ),( Hayun Kim ),( Youngmi Jeong ),( Yong Jin Kim ),( Kyong Wook Yi ),( Jung Ho Shin ),( Jun Young Hur ),( Tak Kim ) 대한폐경학회 2020 대한폐경학회지 Vol.26 No.3

Vasomotor symptoms (VMS), such as hot flashes and night sweating, are classic menopausal symptoms experienced by a majority of perimenopausal and postmenopausal women. VMS have received a great deal of attention due to their relationship with cardiometabolic risk. Further, accumulating evidence indicates that VMS are associated with an increased risk of several chronic diseases, including metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes mellitus, nonalcoholic fatty liver diseases, and osteoporosis in perimenopausal and postmenopausal women. These findings suggest VMS as biomarkers of impaired cardiometabolic conditions rather than just temporary symptoms in menopausal women, warranting further studies to confirm the casual relationship of VMS with these diseases and the exact underlying mechanism in this context.