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(∈, ∈ Vqk)-FUZZY IDEALS IN LEFT REGULAR ORDERED ιA-SEMIGROUPS
( Faisal Yousafzai ),( Asghar Khan ),( Waqar Khan ),( Tariq Aziz ) 호남수학회 2013 호남수학학술지 Vol.35 No.4
We generalize the idea of (E, E Vqk)-fuzzy ordered semi-group and give the concept of (E, E Vqk)~fuzzy ordered ŁA-semigroup. We show that (E, E Vqk)-fuzzy left (right, two-sided] ideals, (E, E Vqk)-fuzzy (generalized) hi-ideals, (E, E Vqk)-fuzzy interior ideals and (E, E vqk)-fuzzy (1, 2)-ideals need not to be coincide in an or-dered ŁA-semigroup but on the other hand, we prove that all these (E, E Vqk)-fuzzy ideals coincide in a left regular class of an ordered .cA-semigroup. Further we investigate some useful conditions for an ordered ŁA-semigroup to become a left regular ordered ŁA-semigroup and characterize a left regular ordered L:A-sernigroup in terms of (E, E Vqk)-fuzzy one-sided ideals. Finally we connect an ideal theory with an (E, E vqk)-fuzzy ideal theory by using the notions of duo and (E, E vqk)-fuzzy duo.
(∈, ∈ Vqk)-FUZZY IDEALS IN LEFT REGULAR ORDERED LA-SEMIGROUPS
Faisal Yousafzai,Waqar Khan,Tariq Aziz,Asghar Khan 호남수학회 2013 호남수학학술지 Vol.35 No.4
We generalize the idea of (2; 2 _qk)-fuzzy ordered semi-group and give the concept of (2; 2 _qk)-fuzzy ordered LA-semigroup. We show that (2; 2 _qk)-fuzzy left (right, two-sided) ideals, (2;2_qk)-fuzzy (generalized) bi-ideals, (2; 2 _qk)-fuzzy interior idealsand (2; 2 _qk)-fuzzy (1; 2)-ideals need not to be coincide in an or-dered LA-semigroup but on the other hand, we prove that all these(2;2 _qk)-fuzzy ideals coincide in a left regular class of an orderedLA-semigroup. Further we investigate some useful conditions foran ordered LA-semigroup to become a left regular ordered LA-semigroup and characterize a left regular ordered LA-semigroupin terms of (2; 2 _qk)-fuzzy one-sided ideals. Finally we connectan ideal theory with an (2; 2 _qk)-fuzzy ideal theory by using thenotions of duo and (2;2 _qk)-fuzzy duo.
Khan Muhammad Qureshi,Andrew Ng Kay Lup,Saima Khan,Faisal Abnisa,Wan Mohd Ashri Wan Daud 한국화학공학회 2021 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.38 No.9
A series of experiments was conducted to study the effect of temperature and feed rate on physicochemical properties and yield of bio-oil. The experiments were performed in a helical screw fluidized bed reactor and about 150-gram palm shell (PS) was pyrolyzed in each run at 275 oC/min heating rate. The first set of experiments was conducted at temperature ranging from 400 to 650 oC without using any inert gas for fluidization. While the second set of experiments were performed at feed rates ranging from 3 to 25 g/min in order to investigate the effects of feed rate on pyrolytic products. Results showed that the bio-oil yield was increased with the increase in temperature and feed rate due to the enhanced biomass volatilization. In a similar vein to this, a greater extent in oxygenates cracking was also noted in the bio-oil. A maximum liquid yield of about 72.84 wt% was obtained at 500 oC, while 72.92 wt% liquid yield was obtained with 25 g/min feed rate. The HHV of bio-oil was also increased from 38.52 to 43.13 MJ/kg when pyrolysis temperature was increased from 400 to 650 oC.
(∈, ∈ ∨q<sub>k</sub>)-FUZZY IDEALS IN LEFT REGULAR ORDERED $\mathcal{LA}$-SEMIGROUPS
Yousafzai, Faisal,Khan, Asghar,Khan, Waqar,Aziz, Tariq The Honam Mathematical Society 2013 호남수학학술지 Vol.35 No.4
We generalize the idea of (${\in}$, ${\in}{\vee}q_k$)-fuzzy ordered semi-group and give the concept of (${\in}$, ${\in}{\vee}q_k$)-fuzzy ordered $\mathcal{LA}$-semigroup. We show that (${\in}$, ${\in}{\vee}q_k$)-fuzzy left (right, two-sided) ideals, (${\in}$, ${\in}{\vee}q_k$)-fuzzy (generalized) bi-ideals, (${\in}$, ${\in}{\vee}q_k$)-fuzzy interior ideals and (${\in}$, ${\in}{\vee}q_k$)-fuzzy (1, 2)-ideals need not to be coincide in an ordered $\mathcal{LA}$-semigroup but on the other hand, we prove that all these (${\in}$, ${\in}{\vee}q_k$)-fuzzy ideals coincide in a left regular class of an ordered $\mathcal{LA}$-semigroup. Further we investigate some useful conditions for an ordered $\mathcal{LA}$-semigroup to become a left regular ordered $\mathcal{LA}$-semigroup and characterize a left regular ordered $\mathcal{LA}$-semigroup in terms of (${\in}$, ${\in}{\vee}q_k$)-fuzzy one-sided ideals. Finally we connect an ideal theory with an (${\in}$, ${\in}{\vee}q_k$)-fuzzy ideal theory by using the notions of duo and (${\in}{\vee}q_k$)-fuzzy duo.
Muhammad Faisal Khan,Muhammad Tufail 대한전자공학회 2008 ITC-CSCC :International Technical Conference on Ci Vol.2008 No.7
In this paper, the modified matrix pencil method [1] is extended from 2D to 3D for simultaneously estimating azimuth and elevation angles and frequency of multiple signals impinging on a volumetric array of sensors. Conventional matrix pencil method, which is used to estimate unknown parameters, needs a separate algorithm to associate the estimated components with each other to get proper groups of azimuth and elevation angles and frequencies of incoming signals [2]. The method proposed here automatically estimates unknown parameters in a group form, thereby bypassing the computationally expensive pairing operation. Moreover, simulation results show that grouping of unknown parameters using the proposed method is always correct in contrast to matrix pencil method whose results are sometimes erroneous.
Toxic potential of some indigenous plant oils against the rice weevil, Sitophilus oryzae (Linnaeus)
Hafiz Azhar Ali KHAN,Waseem AKRAM,이수미,Taskeen AHMAD,Kamran MAQSOOD,Hassan Ali KHAN,Muhammad Waqas NAZIR,Muhammad Faisal JAVAID 한국곤충학회 2019 Entomological Research Vol.49 No.3
The present study was conducted to evaluate the toxic potential of five indigenous plant oils: black pepper (Piper nigrum), Chinese cinnamon (Cinnamomum cassia), garlic (Allium sativum), river red gum (Eucalyptus camaldulensis), and yellow oleander (Thevetia peruviana), against laboratory reared Sitophilus oryzae adults. The bioassays were done by the diet incorporation method with concentrations ranging from 50 ppm to 500 ppm. Based on lethal concentrations to kill 50% (LC50) of the subjected weevils, T. peruviana proved to be the most toxic having the lowest LC50 values, 414.58, 201.94, and 129.52 ppm, after 7, 14, and 21 days of exposure, respectively, followed by E. camaldulensis (475.51, 366.65, and 251.28 ppm, respectively). The rest of the plant oils also showed toxic potential, but these were less toxic compared with T. peruviana and E. camaldulensis. With respect to the time taken to cause 50% mortality (LT50) of the exposed weevils, T. peruviana had LT50 at 14.54 days followed by P. nigrum (22.09 days), E. camaldulensis (24.29 days), and C. cassia (28.71 days). Whereas, A. sativum took the longest time (44.47 days) to cause 50% mortality of the exposed weevils. In conclusion, the result revealed toxic potential of tested plant oils, and suggests further studies under simulated-field conditions should be included in the management plan for S. oryzae.
Khan Muhammad AHSAN,Waseem AKRAM,Faisal HAFEEZ 한국곤충학회 2009 Entomological Research Vol.39 No.3
Pheromones are innate products, exploited for direct population manipulation in the trapping of precise pest density. They demonstrate feasibility and efficiency against Helicopverpa armigera at five different cotton-based agro-ecological sites: river site, vegetable farm, orchard, clean cultivation site, and forest. The data were recorded at 15–20 day intervals from 8 September 2004 to 1 December 2006. The Number of moths caught during the study period demonstrated that the vegetable farm showed the maximum population of moths per trap (0.54), followed by the orchard (0.29), forest (0.19), river (0.15), and clean cultivation site (0.12). During 2004, rainfall (in the orchard and clean cultivation site) and relative humidity (in the clean cultivation site) showed positive and significant correlation with the number of moths caught. During 2005, temperatures played a significant and positive role in population fluctuation of the pest almost at all the selected sites; the minimum temperature was recorded at the vegetable farm and the average temperature was found at the forest site. Rainfall also showed a significant and positive correlation with trapped moths in the vegetable farm, orchard, and clean cultivation site. During 2006, relative humidity showed a significant and negative correlation with the trapped population at all the sites except the river site. Rainfall showed a negative and significant correlation with the pest at the forest site. Relative humidity was the most important aspect at 8.93% causing variation in the trapped population followed by maximum temperature (5.7%), rainfall (1.63%), average temperature (0.74%), and minimum temperature (0.56%).