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First upper limits on the radar cross section of cosmic-ray induced extensive air showers
Abbasi, R.U.,Abe, M.,Abou Bakr Othman, M.,Abu-Zayyad, T.,Allen, M.,Anderson, R.,Azuma, R.,Barcikowski, E.,Belz, J.W.,Bergman, D.R.,Besson, D.,Blake, S.A.,Byrne, M.,Cady, R.,Chae, M.J.,Cheon, B.G.,Chib North-Holland 2017 Astroparticle physics Vol.87 No.-
<P>TARA (Telescope Array Radar) is a cosmic ray radar detection experiment colocated with Telescope Array, the conventional surface scintillation detector (SD) and fluorescence telescope detector (FD) near Delta, Utah, U.S.A. The TARA detector combines a 40 kW, 54.1 MHz VHF transmitter and high-gain transmitting antenna which broadcasts the radar carrier over the SD array and within the FD field of view, towards a 250 MS/s DAQ receiver. TARA has been collecting data since 2013 with the primary goal of observing the radar signatures of extensive air showers (EAS). Simulations indicate that echoes are expected to be short in duration (similar to 10 mu s) and exhibit rapidly changing frequency, with rates on the order 1 MHz/mu s. The EAS radar cross-section (RCS) is currently unknown although it is the subject of over 70 years of speculation. A novel signal search technique is described in which the expected radar echo of a particular air shower is used as a matched filter template and compared to waveforms obtained by triggering the radar DAQ using the Telescope Array fluorescence detector. No evidence for the scattering of radio frequency radiation by EAS is obtained to date. We report the first quantitative RCS upper limits using EAS that triggered the Telescope Array Fluorescence Detector. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.</P>
GENERALIZED((ξ, ζ)-) SOFT INTERIOR Γ-HYPERIDEALS OF Γ-SEMIHYPERGROUPS
Abbasi, M.Y.,Basar, A.,Talee, A.F.,Khan, S.A. The Honam Mathematical Society 2018 호남수학학술지 Vol.40 No.1
In this paper, we introduce the notion of ($\xi$, ${\zeta}$)-soft ${\Gamma}$-hyperideals and ($\xi$, ${\zeta}$)-soft interior ${\Gamma}$-hyperideals of ${\Gamma}$-semihypergroups by a new approach called soft intersection (briefly, S. I.). It is proved that in regular ${\Gamma}$-semihypergroups the ($\xi$, ${\zeta}$)-soft ${\Gamma}$-hyperideals and the ($\xi$, ${\zeta}$)-soft interior ${\Gamma}$-hyperideals coincide. Further, we introduce the concept of ($\xi$, ${\zeta}$)-soft simple ${\Gamma}$-semihypergroup and characterize the simple ${\Gamma}$-semihypergroups in terms of ($\xi$, ${\zeta}$)-soft ${\Gamma}$-hyperideals and ($\xi$, ${\zeta}$)-soft interior ${\Gamma}$-hyperideals.
Abbasi, R. U.,Abe, M.,Abu-Zayyad, T.,Allen, M.,Anderson, R.,Azuma, R.,Barcikowski, E.,Belz, J. W.,Bergman, D. R.,Blake, S. A.,Cady, R.,Chae, M. J.,Cheon, B. G.,Chiba, J.,Chikawa, M.,Cho, W. R.,Fujii, IOP Publishing 2014 ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS - Vol.790 No.2
<P>We have searched for intermediate-scale anisotropy in the arrival directions of ultrahigh-energy cosmic rays with energies above 57 EeV in the northern sky using data collected over a 5 yr period by the surface detector of the Telescope Array experiment. We report on a cluster of events that we call the hotspot, found by oversampling using 20 degrees radius circles. The hotspot has a Li-Ma statistical significance of 5.1 sigma, and is centered at R. A. = 146 degrees 7, decl. = 43 degrees 2. The position of the hotspot is about 19 degrees off of the supergalactic plane. The probability of a cluster of events of 5.1 sigma significance, appearing by chance in an isotropic cosmic-ray sky, is estimated to be 3.7 x 10(-4) (3.4 sigma).</P>
The bursts of high energy events observed by the telescope array surface detector
Abbasi, R.U.,Abe, M.,Abu-Zayyad, T.,Allen, M.,Anderson, R.,Azuma, R.,Barcikowski, E.,Belz, J.W.,Bergman, D.R.,Blake, S.A.,Cady, R.,Cheon, B.G.,Chiba, J.,Chikawa, M.,Fujii, T.,Fukushima, M.,Goto, T.,Ha North-Holland 2017 Physics letters. Section A. Vol.381 No.32
The Telescope Array (TA) experiment is designed to detect air showers induced by ultra high energy cosmic rays. The TA ground Surface particle Detector (TASD) observed several short-time bursts of air shower like events. These bursts are not likely due to chance coincidence between single shower events. The expectation of chance coincidence is less than 10<SUP>-4</SUP> for five-year's observation. We checked the correlation between these bursts of events and lightning data, and found evidence for correlations in timing and position. Some features of the burst events are similar to those of a normal cosmic ray air shower, and some are not. On this paper, we report the observed bursts of air shower like events and their correlation with lightning.
GENERALIZED((□,□)-) SOFT INTERIOR Г-HYPERIDEALS OF Г-SEMIHYPERGROUPS
( M. Y. Abbasi ),( A. Basar ),( A. F. Talee ),( S. A. Khan ) 호남수학회 2018 호남수학학술지 Vol.40 No.1
In this paper, we introduce the notion of (□,□)-soft Г- hyperideals and (□,□)-soft interior Г-hyperideals of Г-semihypergroups by a new approach called soft intersection (briey, S. I.). It is proved that in regular Г-semihypergroups the (□,□)-soft Г-hyperideals and the (□,□)-soft interior Г-hyperideals coincide. Further, we introduce the concept of (□,□)-soft simple Г-semihypergroup and characterize the simple Г-semihypergroups in terms of (□,□)-soft Г-hyperideals and (□,□)-soft interior Г-hyperideals.
The hybrid energy spectrum of Telescope Array's Middle Drum Detector and surface array
Abbasi, R.U.,Abe, M.,Abu-Zayyad, T.,Allen, M.G.,Anderson, R.,Azuma, R.,Barcikowski, E.,Belz, J.W.,Bergman, D.R.,Blake, S.A.,Cady, R.,Chae, M.J.,Cheon, B.G.,Chiba, J.,Chikawa, M.,Cho, W.R.,Fujii, T.,Fu North-Holland ; Elsevier Science Ltd 2015 Astroparticle physics Vol.68 No.-
The Telescope Array experiment studies ultra high energy cosmic rays using a hybrid detector. Fluorescence telescopes measure the longitudinal development of the extensive air shower generated when a primary cosmic ray particle interacts with the atmosphere. Meanwhile, scintillator detectors measure the lateral distribution of secondary shower particles that hit the ground. The Middle Drum (MD) fluorescence telescope station consists of 14 telescopes from the High Resolution Fly's Eye (HiRes) experiment, providing a direct link back to the HiRes measurements. Using the scintillator detector data in conjunction with the telescope data improves the geometrical reconstruction of the showers significantly, and hence, provides a more accurate reconstruction of the energy of the primary particle. The Middle Drum hybrid spectrum is presented and compared to that measured by the Middle Drum station in monocular mode. Further, the hybrid data establishes a link between the Middle Drum data and the surface array. A comparison between the Middle Drum hybrid energy spectrum and scintillator Surface Detector (SD) spectrum is also shown.
The IceProd framework: Distributed data processing for the IceCube neutrino observatory
Aartsen, M.G.,Abbasi, R.,Ackermann, M.,Adams, J.,Aguilar, J.A.,Ahlers, M.,Altmann, D.,Arguelles, C.,Auffenberg, J.,Bai, X.,Baker, M.,Barwick, S.W.,Baum, V.,Bay, R.,Beatty, J.J.,Becker Tjus, J.,Becker, Elsevier 2015 Journal of parallel and distributed computing Vol.75 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>IceCube is a one-gigaton instrument located at the geographic South Pole, designed to detect cosmic neutrinos, identify the particle nature of dark matter, and study high-energy neutrinos themselves. Simulation of the IceCube detector and processing of data require a significant amount of computational resources. This paper presents the first detailed description of IceProd, a lightweight distributed management system designed to meet these requirements. It is driven by a central database in order to manage mass production of simulations and analysis of data produced by the IceCube detector. IceProd runs as a separate layer on top of other middleware and can take advantage of a variety of computing resources, including grids and batch systems such as CREAM, HTCondor, and PBS. This is accomplished by a set of dedicated daemons that process job submission in a coordinated fashion through the use of middleware plugins that serve to abstract the details of job submission and job management from the framework.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> IceProd is a lightweight distributed workflow management framework. </LI> <LI> Uses existing middleware and protocols. </LI> <LI> Runs at user-level and is easily adaptable to other applications. </LI> <LI> It has been successful in managing 450k cores across 25 computing centers. </LI> <LI> Identified areas of improvement including scalability and load balancing. </LI> </UL> </P>
M. Fekri,K. Jafarzadeh,S. A. Khalife Soltani,Z. Valefi,H. Mazhari Abbasi 한국탄소학회 2023 Carbon Letters Vol.33 No.7
In this research, in order to increase the oxidation resistance of graphite, kaolin and alumina powder with different ratios (26A-74S, 49A-51S, 72A-28S) and slurry method were used to create an aluminosilicate coating on the graphite substrate. In order to reduce the difference in the coefficients of thermal expansion of graphite with aluminosilicate coating, aluminum metaphosphate coating as an interlayer was prepared on the surface of graphite by cathodic electrochemical treatment. The isothermal oxidation test of the samples was carried out in air at a temperature of 1250 °C for 1, 3 and 5 h. The microstructure, chemical composition, and phase components of the coating were, respectively, analyzed by scanning electron microscope equipped with an energy-dispersive spectrometer and X-ray diffraction. The results indicated that, by increasing the withdrawal speed of the samples in slurry method, the amount of changes in the weight of the samples has increased and therefore had a direct effect on oxidation. In addition, it was approved that, at high-temperature oxidation, AlPO4 glass phase forms on aluminum metaphosphate interlayer which retards graphite oxidation. Along with aluminum metaphosphate, aluminosilicate coating also produces a glass phase which fills and seals the voids on the surface which prevents the oxygen to reach the surface of graphite. The created double-layer coating including an interlayer of aluminum metaphosphate + slurry coating prepared with the ratio of 26A-74S as the optimal coating in this research was able to increase the oxidation resistance of graphite by 73% at a temperature of 1250 °C.
Abbasi, R.U.,Abe, M.,Abu-Zayyad, T.,Allen, M.,Anderson, R.,Azuma, R.,Barcikowski, E.,Belz, J.W.,Bergman, D.R.,Blake, S.A.,Cady, R.,Chae, M.J.,Cheon, B.G.,Chiba, J.,Chikawa, M.,Cho, W.R.,Fujii, T.,Fuku Elsevier 2015 Astroparticle physics Vol.64 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Previous measurements of the composition of Ultra-High Energy Cosmic Rays (UHECRs) made by the High Resolution Fly’s Eye (HiRes) and Pierre Auger Observatory (PAO) are seemingly contradictory, but utilize different detection methods, as HiRes was a stereo detector and PAO is a hybrid detector. The five year Telescope Array (TA) Middle Drum hybrid composition measurement is similar in some, but not all, respects in methodology to PAO, and good agreement is evident between data and a light, largely protonic, composition when comparing the measurements to predictions obtained with the QGSJetII-03 and QGSJet-01c models. These models are also in agreement with previous HiRes stereo measurements, confirming the equivalence of the stereo and hybrid methods. The data is incompatible with a pure iron composition, for all models examined, over the available range of energies. The elongation rate and mean values of <SUB> X max </SUB> are in good agreement with Pierre Auger Observatory data. This analysis is presented using two methods: data cuts using simple geometrical variables and a new pattern recognition technique.</P>
Abbasi, R. U.,Abe, M.,Zayyad, T. Abu-,Allen, M.,Anderson, R.,Azuma, R.,Barcikowski, E.,Belz, J. W.,Bergman, D. R.,Blake, S. A.,Cady, R.,Chae, M. J.,Cheon, B. G.,Chiba, J.,Chikawa, M.,Cho, W. R.,Fujii, IOP Publishing 2015 The Astrophysical journal Vol.804 No.2
<P>We report on the search for steady point-like sources of neutral particles around 10(18) eV between 2008 and 2013 May with the scintillator SD of the Telescope Array experiment. We found overall no significant point-like excess above 0.5 EeV in the northern sky. Subsequently, we also searched for coincidence with the Fermi bright Galactic sources. No significant coincidence was found within the statistical uncertainty. Hence, we set an upper limit on the neutron flux that corresponds to an averaged flux of 0.07 km(-2) yr(-1) for E > 1 EeV in the northern sky at the 95% confidence level. This is the most stringent flux upper limit in a northern sky survey assuming point-like sources. The upper limit at the 95% confidence level on the neutron flux from Cygnus X-3 is also set to 0.2 km(-2) yr(-1) for E > 0.5 EeV. This is an order of magnitude lower than previous flux measurements.</P>