Self-Organization of Amphiphilic Diblock Rod-Coil Molecule into Supramolecular Honeycomb and Cylindrical Aggregates and Its Application as Suzuki Coupling Reaction

Ke-li Zhong,Chunchang Yang,Bingzhu Yin,Long Yi Jin,Zhegang Huang,이은지 한국고분자학회 2010 Macromolecular Research Vol.18 No.3

An aromatic amphiphilic molecule consisting of three biphenyl groups and one styrene unit linked together with ether bonds as a rigid rod segment, and poly(ethylene oxide) with 17 repeating units as a coil segment was synthesized and its self-assembly behavior in the bulk state and aqueous solution was examined by DSC, X-ray scattering, DLS and TEM. This molecule based on a rod building block self-assembles into lamellar or hexagonal perforated layer (HPL) structures in the crystalline phase or liquid crystalline mesophase. In an aqueous medium,the molecule self-assembles into cylindrical aggregates and can be used as a supramolecular reactor for the Suzuki coupling reaction.

Synthesis and self-assembly of rod-coil molecules with n-shaped rod building block

Zhong, Ke-Li,Huang, Zhegang,Man, Zhijin,Jin, Long Yi,Yin, Bingzhu,Lee, Myongsoo Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company 2010 Journal of polymer science Part A, Polymer chemist Vol.48 No.6

<P>The rod-coil molecules with n-shaped rod building block, consisting of an anthracene unit and two biphenyl groups linked together with acetylenyl bonds at the 1,8-position of anthracene as a rigid rod segment, and the alkyl or alkyloxy chains with various length (i.e., methoxy- (1), octyl- (2), hexadecyl- (3)) at the 10-position of anthracene and poly(ethylene oxide) with the number of repeating units of 7 connected with biphenyl as coil segments were synthesized. The molecular structures were characterized by <SUP>1</SUP>H NMR and MALDI-TOF mass spectroscopy. The self-assembling behavior of new type of molecules 1–3 was investigated by means of DSC, POM, and SAXS at the bulk state. These molecules with a n-shaped rod building block segment self-assemble into supramolecular structures through the combination of π–π stacking of rigid rod building blocks and microphase separation of the rod and coil blocks. SAXS studies reveal that molecules 1 and 2 show hexagonal columnar and rectangular columnar structures in the liquid crystalline phase, respectively; meanwhile, molecules 1–3 self-organize into lamellar structures in the crystalline state. In addition, self-assembling studies of molecules 1–3 by DLS and TEM indicated that these molecules self-assemble into elongated nanofibers in aqueous medium. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 48: 1415–1422, 2010</P> <B>Graphic Abstract</B> <P>Rod-coil molecules with n-shaped rod building block were successfully synthesized. In the melt state, molecule with a methoxy group at 10 position of anthracene self-assembles into hexagonal columnar structure, Whereas molecule with an octanyl group at 10 position of anthracene self-organizes into rectangular columnar structure. Further increasing the length of alkyl chain suppresses a liquid crystalline phase and exhibits only a lamellar structure in the solid state. In aqueous medium, these molecules can self-assemble into elongated nanofiber structure with a radial aggregation of aromatic segments. <img src='wiley_img/0887624X-2010-48-6-POLA23909-gra001.gif' alt='wiley_img/0887624X-2010-48-6-POLA23909-gra001'> </P>

Mortality of Major Cancers in Guangxi, China: Sex, Age and Geographical Differences from 1971 and 2005

Deng, Wei,Long, Long,Li, Ji-Lin,Zheng, Dan,Yu, Jia-Hua,Zhang, Chun-Yan,Li, Ke-Zhi,Liu, Hai-Zhou,Huang, Tian-Ren Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.4

The incidence and mortality rates of liver and nasopharyngeal cancer in Guangxi province of China have always been among the highest in the world, and cancer is one of the major diseases that pose a threat to the health of residents in Guangxi. However, no systematic study has been performed to evaluate the time trends in the structure of cancer-related deaths and cancer mortality. In this study, we reveal sex, age and geography differences of cancers mortality between three death surveys (1971 to 1973, 1990 to 1992, and 2004 to 2005). The results show that the standardized mortality rate of cancer in Guangxi residents has risen from 43.3/100,000 to 84.2/100,000, the share of cancer deaths in all-cause deaths has increased from 13.3% to 20.7%, and cancer has become the second most common cause of death. The five major cancers, liver cancer, lung cancer, gastric cancer, nasopharyngeal cancer and colorectal cancer, account for 60% of all the cancer deaths. Cancers with growing mortality rates over the past 30 years include lung cancer, colorectal cancer, liver cancer and female breast cancer, of which lung cancer is associated with the sharpest rise in mortality, with a more than 600% rise in both men and women. Cancer death in Guangxi residents occurs mainly in the elderly population above 45 years of age, especially in people over the age of 65. The areas with the highest mortality rates for liver cancer and nasopharyngeal cancer, which feature regional high incidences, include Chongzuo and Wuzhou. Therefore, for major cancers such as liver cancer, lung cancer, gastric cancer, nasopharyngeal cancer and female breast cancer in Guangxi, we can select high-risk age groups as the target population for cancer prevention and control efforts in high-prevalence areas in a bid to achieve the ultimate goal of lowering cancer mortality in Guangxi.

Supramolecular Honeycomb and Columnar Assemblies Formed by Self-Assembly of Coil-Rod-Coil Molecules with a Conjugated Rod Segment

Li Chen,Ke-Li Zhong,Long Yi Jin,Zhegang Huang,Libin Liu,Linda S. Hirst 한국고분자학회 2010 Macromolecular Research Vol.18 No.8

Rod-coil molecules with conjugated rod segments have a strong tendency to self-organize into a variety of supramolecular structures in the bulk state. This paper reports the synthesis and self-assembly behavior of coilrod-coil molecules consisting of three biphenyls linked through a vinylene unit as a conjugated rod segment and poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) with a degree of polymerization of 12 and 17 coil segments. The self-assembling behavior of these materials, which was investigated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and X-ray diffraction (XRD), revealed these molecules to spontaneously self-organize into a 3-D hexagonally perforated layer (HPL) structure and a 2-D rectangular or a oblique columnar structure in the crystalline and liquid crystalline phases, respectively.

Anisotropic Patterns of Liver Cancer Prevalence in Guangxi in Southwest China: Is Local Climate a Contributing Factor?

Deng, Wei,Long, Long,Tang, Xian-Yan,Huang, Tian-Ren,Li, Ji-Lin,Rong, Min-Hua,Li, Ke-Zhi,Liu, Hai-Zhou Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2015 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.16 No.8

Geographic information system (GIS) technology has useful applications for epidemiology, enabling the detection of spatial patterns of disease dispersion and locating geographic areas at increased risk. In this study, we applied GIS technology to characterize the spatial pattern of mortality due to liver cancer in the autonomous region of Guangxi Zhuang in southwest China. A database with liver cancer mortality data for 1971-1973, 1990-1992, and 2004-2005, including geographic locations and climate conditions, was constructed, and the appropriate associations were investigated. It was found that the regions with the highest mortality rates were central Guangxi with Guigang City at the center, and southwest Guangxi centered in Fusui County. Regions with the lowest mortality rates were eastern Guangxi with Pingnan County at the center, and northern Guangxi centered in Sanjiang and Rongshui counties. Regarding climate conditions, in the 1990s the mortality rate of liver cancer positively correlated with average temperature and average minimum temperature, and negatively correlated with average precipitation. In 2004 through 2005, mortality due to liver cancer positively correlated with the average minimum temperature. Regions of high mortality had lower average humidity and higher average barometric pressure than did regions of low mortality. Our results provide information to benefit development of a regional liver cancer prevention program in Guangxi, and provide important information and a reference for exploring causes of liver cancer.

Signal processing method of bubble detection in sodium flow based on inverse Fourier transform to calculate energy ratio

Xu, Wei,Xu, Ke-Jun,Yu, Xin-Long,Huang, Ya,Wu, Wen-Kai Korean Nuclear Society 2021 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.53 No.9

Electromagnetic vortex flowmeter is a new type of instrument for detecting leakage of steam generator, and the signal processing method based on the envelope to calculate energy ratio can effectively detect bubbles in sodium flow. The signal processing method is not affected by changes in the amplitude of the sensor output signal, which is caused by changes in magnetic field strength and other factors. However, the detection sensitivity of the electromagnetic vortex flowmeter is reduced. To this end, a signal processing method based on inverse Fourier transform to calculate energy ratio is proposed. According to the difference between the frequency band of the bubble noise signal and the flow signal, only the amplitude in the frequency band of the flow signal is retained in the frequency domain, and then the flow signal is obtained by the inverse Fourier transform method, thereby calculating the energy ratio. Using this method to process the experimental data, the results show that it can detect 0.1 g/s leak rate of water in the steam generator, and its performance is significantly better than that of the signal processing method based on the envelope to calculate energy ratio.

Heating Control Design of a Space Camera

Qing-Lei Zhao,Ke-Hui Long,Feng-Wei Guan,Liang Huang 보안공학연구지원센터 2015 International Journal of Signal Processing, Image Vol.8 No.4

When a space camera works on the track, it presents in vacuum environment, under the condition of low temperatures, the camera can only maintain its temperature level by absorption of radiation. If stayed in this environment for a long time, mechanical structure of the space camera may become brittle, lose strength, and an exfoliation phenomenon may appear, in addition, abnormal operation and malfunction of electronic equipments may also occur, these may affect imaging quality of the camera. In this paper, a heating control method is designed for a space flight off-axis camera. Firstly, heating control working platform of the camera is introduced, a design method of heating control is determined. After that, heating control treatment procedure is introduced. Finally, the ground temperature monitor is used to validate correctness of the method designed. The comparison diagram before and after thermal analysis and temperature data obtained from experiments are presented, results show that, the heating control method is simple and effective, it has wide applicability and strong generalization performance.

Combined analysis and miRNA expression profiles of the flowering related genes in common wild rice (oryza rufipogon Griff.)

Jiao Wang,Yan Long,Jingwen Zhang,Mande Xue,Gege Huang,Ke Huang,Qianhua Yuan,Xinwu Pei 한국유전학회 2018 Genes & Genomics Vol.40 No.8

Common wild rice (Oryza rufipogon Griff.) is the most closely related ancestral species to Asian cultivated rice (Oryza sativa L.). It contains various valuable traits with regard to tolerance to cold, drought and salinity, flowering diversity and many quantitative trait loci with agronomic important traits. Flowering is one of the most important agronomic traits. However, flowering-related transcriptome and how to be regulated by miRNAs have not been estimated in O.rufipogon. To identify how the genes and miRNAs regulating flowering in O.rufipogon. Three O.rufipogon RNA libraries, two vegetative stages (CWRT-V1 and CWRT-V2) and one flowering stage (CWRT-F2) were constructed using leaves tissue and sequenced using Illumina deep sequencing. 27,405, 27,333, 28,979 unique genes were obtained after mapping to the reference genome from CWRT-V1, CWRT-V2 and CWRT-F2, respectively. Then differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were screened and got 1419 unique genes are likely to involve in flower development. Detailed information showed that MADS box and floral meristem identity genes, such as MADS 1, MADS14, Hd1 are involved in common wild rice. Then, combined analysis of miRNA and mRNA expression profiles was performed. Twenty three known miRNA-mRNA pairs and five new candidates were presented an anti-correlationship. Interestingly, 12 miRNAs were negatively correlated with 20 mRNAs encoding flowering-related proteins, indicating that miRNAs regulated target genes to promote flowering in CWRT-F2 group. The results provided here genomic resources for flowering related genes and how these flowering genes were regulated by miRNAs in common wild rice.

Autoxidation of Cycloalkenes by the System “Molecular Oxygen-bis(acetylacetonato) Cobalt (II) Complex-butyraldehyde”

Zhao Fang,Rui-ren Tang,Rui-rong Zhang,Ke-long Huang 대한화학회 2009 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.30 No.10

Oxidation of cycloalkenes with O2 promoted by heterogeneous bis(acetylacetonato) cobalt (II) complex catalyst which can be recycled has been performed under mild conditions. It was found that β-ionone, cyclohexene,1-methylcyclohexene, and α-ionone were efficiently oxidized with O2 in the presence of Co (II) complex and butyraldehyde at 55 oC. A simple treatment of the resulting products led to epoxides as predominant products and a small amounts of allylic oxides, the chemoselectivity for the former being 82.1 - 90.8% with a 70.6 - 98.6% substrate conversion. On the other hand, oxidation of 1-phenylcyclohexene, 1-cyclohex-1-enylethan-1-one, α-pinene, and β-pinene gave allylic oxides as major products.

Autoxidation of Cycloalkenes by the System “Molecular Oxygen-bis(acetylacetonato) Cobalt (II) Complex-butyraldehyde”

Fang, Zhao,Tang, Rui-Ren,Zhang, Rui-Rong,Huang, Ke-long Korean Chemical Society 2009 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.30 No.10

Oxidation of cycloalkenes with $O_2$ promoted by heterogeneous bis(acetylacetonato) cobalt (II) complex catalyst which can be recycled has been performed under mild conditions. It was found that $\beta$-ionone, cyclohexene, 1-methylcyclohexene, and $\alpha$-ionone were efficiently oxidized with $O_2$ in the presence of Co (II) complex and butyraldehyde at $55\;{^{\circ}C}$. A simple treatment of the resulting products led to epoxides as predominant products and a small amounts of allylic oxides, the chemoselectivity for the former being 82.1 - 90.8% with a 70.6 - 98.6% substrate conversion. On the other hand, oxidation of 1-phenylcyclohexene, 1-cyclohex-1-enylethan-1-one, $\alpha$-pinene, and $\beta$-pinene gave allylic oxides as major products.