金屬-Trien-OH 系의 混合錯物에 關한 硏究

朴永圭,李武康 嶺南大學校 工業技術硏究所 1977 연구보고 Vol.5 No.1

The formation constant of the mixed-ligand complexes in the Cd(Ⅱ), Cu(Ⅱ) and Pb(Ⅱ) -Trien-OH system were studied by polarograph. The determined formation constants (log B(ij)) were follows at 25℃ in the ionic strength of 0.1: metal MT MT₂ M(OH)T M(OH)T₂ M(OH)₂T Cd(Ⅱ) 12.22 14.63 13.58 15.45 15.57 Cu(Ⅱ) 20.16 21.78 22.56 Pb(Ⅱ) 9.98 12.51 14.49 It was also confirmed that the mixed ligand complexes in this system were formed above pH 11 by the calculation of the distribution for complexes at the various pH.

사과의 열과원인에 관한 조사연구

권병규,강영호,이우승,성민웅,이상윤,조화석 慶北大學校 生産技術硏究所 1970 生産技術 Vol.4 No.-

It is very important to eliminate the immense economic loss caused by cracking in apples through examining the causes of cracking and divising a possible method of prevention of it. Several investigators published their findings on the causes of the cracking of apples which develop on the skin of Ralls apples. However, no definite conclusions or established methods of prevention have been published to this date. Therefore, in this study the causes of the cracking of apples are examined through the use of several methods: (a) the histological and physiological, (b) the microelemental, and (c) the natural environmental. The results are as follows: 1). At the early stage of growth, the thicknesses of the cuticle, as well as of the subepidermis, were the same in Ralls apples without envelopes, Ralls with envelopes, and Jonathan. However. at maturity. the thicknesses differed in the following manner; Ralls apples without envelopes were thickest: Ralls envelopes were less thick than those without envelopes; while Jonathan apples were thinest. 2). Although in the Ralls without envelopes the epidermis is arranged in a brick wall like layer during maturity, in the middle of August the brick wall like epidermis begins to collapse and is surrounded by the cuticle. The process of cracking seems to start with the lenticle and the fruit spot. 3). The rate of cracking was slowed by application of a mixture of IAA and Bordeaux mixture solution, but cracking was not completely halted by this treatment. 4). The stem of a branch laden with apples was put into a solution containing Mn-54, and after absorption took place the distribution of Mn-54 was measured. The results of the measurements were as follows; the bark contained the most Mn-54; the leaves contained the second largest quantitiy; and the apples has the least. 5). The two orchards which were tested tended to have a low soil pH, and a high concentration of soil-solution Mn. 6). The soil with a high rate of cracking tended to have a high pH, which the soil with a low rate had a low pH. 7). In trees with a high rate of cracking, the amount of Mn in the leaves was equal to the amount in the stalk. However, in trees with a low rate of cracking, the amount of Mn in the leaves tended to be high compared with that found in the stalk. 8). The epidermis of the Ralls had a high Ca content than the epidermis of the Johnathan. 9). The epidermis of cracked apples tended to have a higher content of Ca, K,P, Cu and Fe than the epidermis of sound apples. 10). Amoug the apples tested, 11% cracked during the course of the year, with the cracking starting in the middle of Sept. 1969, This low percentage of cracking can be attributed to the small amount of rain during harvest time (late Sept. and October). The total of the added temperature during May, June, and July was 1962℃. 11). Cracking occurred more frequently in apples on the periphery of the tree, in well-colored apples, on the south side of the apples, and on the cheeks of the apples. These occurrances can perhaps be attributed to the amount of sunlight. 12). In the trees tested with newspaper envelops, cracking occurred in 1.9% of the apples with envelopes, and in 11.9% of the apples without envelopes. In the trees tested with Polysteron paper envelopes, cracking occurred in 2.5% of the apples with envelops, and 13.4% of the apples without envelopes. The apples with Polysteron paper envelopes were less infected by insects than the apples with newspaper envelopes. 13). Cracking occurred in 2.4% of the apples covered with vinyl, while in trees not covered with vinyl, 16.6% of the apples crack. The Artificial precipitation produced during harvest time increased the rate of cracking.

사과 열과(裂果)의 원인과 그 방지에 관한 연구

권병규,강영호,이우승,성민웅,한강원 경북대학교 1971 生産技術 Vol.5 No.-

On the basis of our hypothesis about the causes of cracking has obtained in our 1969's study, we investigated the relations among the cracking and the microelements, the environmental factors, and the treatment of IAA and GA in two selected orchards. We analyzed and compared with the contents of microelements (Mn, B, zn, and Cu) in leaves and soils of two test orchards (Taegu and Yungju). The results of the study which the causes of cracking of apples are examined through the above three procedures, are as follows: 1. The contents of Mn in soil of Taegu test orchard were total Mn 435.9 ppm, soil sol'n Mn 6.2ppm, and total Mn 284.6 pm in leaves. That of Yungju test orchard were total Mn 595.1ppm, soil sol'n Mn 6.2ppm and total Mn 144.2ppm in leaves. Comparing with Mn optimum contents in leaves Mn contents of Taegu test orchard were higher than the optimum concentration, while those of Yungju were approximately satis-factory. 2. The contents of B in leaves were 3.7ppm in Taegu and 4.6ppm in Yungju. These contents were lower ten times than the optimum contents and were the same deficiency in both test orchards. 3. The contents of Zn in leaves were 5.7ppm in Taegu and 3.8ppm in Yungju. Those contents were both the same deficiency as comparing with the optimum contents. 4. The contents of Cu in leaves were 29.3ppm in Taegu test orchard and 10.6ppm in Yungju test orchard. Comparing with the optimum contents, the contents of Cu were excess in Taegu test orchard, while that of Cu were approximately satisfactory in Yungju 5. The diameter of Ralls apple fruits were increased 1.1% in IAA spraying treatment and 3.1% in GA spraying treatment as comparing with control group 6. The thickness of cuticle layer of Ralls apple fruits were highest and the cuticle treated with IAA and GA was thinner than the control group. 7. New branches of tree with higher cracking rate tended to decrease in length, in figure and size of leaves. 8. The change of diameter in fruits were decreased in higher cracking fruits during day and night. The change of that in IAA and GA group were increased 6.1% and 1.2% respectively compared with the control group. 9. The application of IAA and GA solution slowed the cracking rate by 2.2 and 0.8% respectively compared with the control group 10. In 1970 year the cracking rate of Ralls apple fruit were 6.53% in Taegu and 4.31% in Yungju test orchard. 11. We obtained linear regression of rate of cracking and the summation of temperature during May to August in Taegu area. The summation of temperature was 2428.1℃ during June to August in 1970. When the summation of temperature was increased more than above that of tempera ture, we could expect that it was possible to increase the rate of cracking Ralls apple. An equation in the summation of temperature and the rate of cracking fruits during May to August were obtained y=0.074x-157.50. 12. The investigation indicates that a method of preventing the cracking of Ralls apple is: a. to spray at the optimum time growth hormone which increases the elasticity and elongation of cell wall. b. to alter the composition of soil by putting the organic fertilizer deeply in the ground. c. to replace Ralls apples with new varieties which is strong against cracking and have high quality and economical productivity.

全南地方 飼育乳牛에 있어서 繁殖障害의 實態 및 發生要因分析

朴永埈,康炳奎 全南大學校 農漁村開發硏究所 1972 農業科學技術硏究 Vol.6 No.-

A systemic studies for reproductive and nutritional problems to conduct a herd infertility examinations were performed on one hundred and fourty seven cows in Kwang-ju, Chonnam area during the period from June 1 to August 30, 1971. The examination involves evaluation of breeding history and laboratory tests to make an objective diagnosis on nutrio-reproductive syndrome. An analysis of data from a dairy herd with a repeat breeding problems is presented and the purpose of this paper is to discuss some management practices that relate to cattle fertility, some of which are directly applicable today and some that may become available in the future. 1. Total of 147 cows examined were grouped as pregnant(60.5%), anestrus after breeding(10.8%), unknown to conception(15.7%), repeat breeder(10.8%) and others(2.1 %). Evaluation for the breeding history of the herd and the reasons for culling indicated that the repeat breeder was the major problems especially on the large herd (type-A and B farm) than the small one (type-C) in this area. 2. The reproductive histories and results of reproductive examainations were as follows. Calving intervals were 512 days(17.4 months), the interval from parturition to first breeding 91.3 days and postpartum interval to first estrus 52.6 days respectively. Service per conception rate was observed as 1.4, and the 30-60-day and 60-90-day nonereturns were 42.9 and 91.5 per cent. These findings were a sign that cows might not be cycling by 60 days, or that estrus detection was inferior. 3. Tendency towards a frequency of conception and parturition through one year was evaluated, and it was suggested that the problems of summer sterility should be re-evaluated because of the conception rate was low in August to October. On the other hand, natural breeding was frequently used instead of artificial insemination service on the mating system in this area. 4. The mean value of the examined cows for red blood cell count and hemoglobin values were 5.5×10 6 per cmm and 7.8 grams per 100ml of blood. It was markedly noticed that the mean value of red blood cell of the anestrus after breeding group was lower than that of the pregnant group(P<0.05). It seemed to be a anemic condition because of the mean value was relatively low compared with the reported values in other countries. 5. The mean value for total serum protein was 7.3 grams per 100ml of blood and it was observed that unknown to conception group showed the lowest value, and almost all the cows which showed abnormal values belonged to the repeat breeder group. 6. The mean value for serum calcium was 4.5 mEq per liter of blood, which was coincide with the lowest range of the normal value(4.5 to 5.5mEq/L). Significant differences on the calcium contents were observed between the anestrus after breeding(P<0.05) and repeat breeder group(P<0.01) to pregnant group. On the other hand, the mean value for serum inorganic phosphorus was 7.3mg per 100ml of blood, which was the normal value(7.0 to 7.5mg/100ml). The Ca/P ratio was observed as 1.47 as a mean of total examined cows but more than 50 per cent of repeat breeder and unknown to conception groups showed, hypocalcemia. 7. Normal A/G ratio was observed as a mean, but 62 cows(45.6%) were positive by the liver function test(Hayem's and gross reaction), and almost all the positive cows on the test had the abnormal total serum protein values. 8. No significant features were observed among the groups in the mode of internalparasite infection, but the liver-fluke infection was demonstrated in 48 cows(32.6%), and of these 66.7 per cent were positive in the liver function test. 9. Follow-up evaluations on the results of the laboratory tests strongly suggest that the problems of repeat breeder had a tendency to occur more frequently in the large herd (A and B-type farm), and on the other hand, abnormal conditions, especially on the calcium and phosphorus metabolism, observed more frequently in the subsidiary dairy farm management(C-type). 10. With evaluations for maintaining high fertility in healthy herds and illustrated results from a herd on a systemic herd health programs, followings may be pointed out for recommendation. First, it is necessary to consider a countermeasure against the faulty management followed by the tendency of large herd. Second, the feeding and management technic of farmers should be improved not to-produce the nutrio-reproductive syndrome. Third, the poor test results of repeat breeder and unknown to conception groups may be related with. the reproductive disturbances and actions should be taken to increase the reproductive efficiency.

大規模 染色工業團地 廢水處理의 活性汚泥工程 最適化

朴永圭,李哲熙,李武康 嶺南大學校 環境問題硏究所 1982 環境硏究 Vol.2 No.1

This studies provided the optimization for the design treating activated sludge process for the waste water from the large-scale dyeing industrial complex. Two processes were here used to treat the dyeing waste water, which one is treated with raw waste water directly by the activated sludge process and the other treated by the coagulation follwing with activated sludge process. Design parameters as maximum specific substrate utillization rate(??) and half velocity coefficient (??) were obtained for each process. And also discussed the optimization conitions for the design of the activated sludge process with these parameters.

連續回分式 反應器에서 有機性 廢水의 分解 Phenol이 미치는 影響

朴永圭,姜信寬,李哲熙 嶺南大學校 環境問題硏究所 1985 環境硏究 Vol.5 No.2

The synthetic Wastewater mixed with the sewage and phenol was treated by the sequencing batch reactor process to investigate the effect of phenol toxidity on the biodegradation. According as the phenol concentration of the raw wastewater was increased, the rate coefficient of the substrate removal, ??, by the adsorption during the fill period and the rate coefficient of the substrate biodegradation, ??, during the aeration period were decreased for phenol toxidity, but the activated energy of the substrate biodegradation, the sludge volume index and the suspended soild concentration were increased. It was found that the removal efficiency of COD was obtained more than 90% after the aeration period below 267(mg/l) of the phenol concentration, and that the removal efficiency was remarkably decreased for the toxidity at 333(mg/l) of the phenol concentration.

水溶液에서 酸性染料의 오존酸化

朴永圭,姜再馨 嶺南大學校 環境問題硏究所 1982 環境硏究 Vol.2 No.1

1. The oxidizing reaction by ozone of the dyes, Metanilyellow, Isolan grey BRLS and Isolan yellow in acid solutions, showed the first order reaction. 2. The degradation rates of the dyes are proportional to ozone dose rate, R and P, the concentration of each dye. So that the kinetics equation 3 is encounted. 3. The activation energy of Metanil yellow, Isolan yellow and Isolax grey BRLS from Arrehenius Plots were 11.3Kcal, 331.26Kcal, and 14.2Kcal. 4. The degradation rates of dyes with the activated Raney-Nickel and MnO₂were increased below 20˚C, while they were decreased above20˚C.

버텍스에 의한 숫자패턴 인식

辛烘圭,姜英鎭,朴鍾旭 圓光大學校 1987 論文集 Vol.21 No.2

본 논문에서는 도형 패턴의 윤곽선에 대한 버텍스 결정 방법을 도입하여 필기체 숫자 패턴을 인식하는 방법을 보였다. 본 방법은 입력 패턴의 윤곽선에 대한 버텍스의 관계로 부터 연결 링크와 접촉 링크를 추출하고, 패턴의 디스크립터를 유도하여 인식하는 방법이다. 그 결과 필기자의 관습에 의한 변형에 영향이 적고 인식 파라메타 수가 감소되었다. 또한 실험 결과 인식율이 대단히 높고 처리 시간도 세선화 방법에 비하여 30(%) 정도 빠르다는 것을 확인한다. In this paper, it is showed to recognize the Arabic numeral patterns by vertices decision from the contour line. This method is extracted links by vertices relation for input pattern and is recognized by inducing description function from the links. In this results, the affection of deformation due to the way of writters and the number of parameter for recognition are reduced, and experimental results show that recognition for hardwritten numeral patterns are effected and access time is reduced about 30 (%) compared with the conventional method using thinning process.

말기 신부전 환자에서 투여 경로에 따른 유전자 재조합 인 Erythropoietin(Epokine^(�))의 효과와 안정성에 대한 연구 : 제 4상 연구 A Phase 4 Single Center Study

송현용,윤향숙,강신욱,최규헌,하성규,이호영,한대석 대한신장학회 2002 Kidney Research and Clinical Practice Vol.21 No.2

목 적 : 국내 독자적 기술로 첫 개발된 유전자 재조합 인 에리트로포에틴(Epokineⓡ)의 투여방법에 따른 유효성과 안정성을 알아보고자 하였다. 방 법 : Epokineⓡ을 주당 100-150 U/kg, 주 2회, 12주간 피하 주사하여 목표 또는 안정된 혈색소치 유지 후 무작위로 피하 및 정맥 주사군으로 나누어 12주간 혈액투석 및 복막투석 환자13명, 28명에서 유효성, 안정성을 분석하였다. 결 과 : 양군에서 혈색소치와 헤마토크릿은 Epokineⓡ 투여 2주 후부터 증가, 혈색소치가 혈액투석 환자는 투여 전 7.3 g/dL, 투여 12주 9.5 g/dL, 24주 10.6 g/dL로, 복막투석 환자는 6.8g/dL에서 12주 10.2 g/dL, 24주 10.8 g/dL로 증가하였다. 양군에서 교정 망상적혈구수(%)는투여 1주 후부터 전 기간동안 증가하였다. 혈청 내 철분, ferritin치는 양군에서 투여 2주 후부터감소, 총 철분 결합능은 투여 2주 후부터 증가하였다. 12주째 혈액투석 환자에서 많은 Epokineⓡ용량이 필요했으나(142.2±20.5 vs 117.3±33.6 U/kg/wk, p<0.001) 24주 후 양군의 용량차이는 없었다(123.6±41.5 vs 99.2±49.3 U/kg/wk, p>0.05). 혈액투석 환자에서 피하 주사가Epokineⓡ 투여용량이 더 적었으나(97.4±15.4 vs 145.4±2.9 U/kg/wk, p<0.002) 복막투석 환자는 차이가 없었다(93.0±60.2 vs 105.4±9.7 U/kg/wk, p>0.05) 연구기간 중 9명(18.8%)에서혈압강하제 추가가 필요한 혈압상승, 근육통 동반 상기도 감염 유사증상 및 두통 등의 부작용이 있었다. 대부분 자연소실 혹은 대증요법으로 치유되었고 2명이 부작용으로 탈락하였다. 결 론 : 말기 신부전 환자의 빈혈 개선에 사용하는 Epokineⓡ의 효과는 복막투석 환자에서 더 좋았으며 투여 경로는 정맥주사보다 피하주사가 높음을 알 수 있었다. Background : We evaluated the clinical efficacy and safety of recombinant human erythropoietin(Epokine^(ⓡ)). Methods : A comparative prospective study of intravenously and subcutaneously administrated Epokine^(ⓡ) conducted 13 patients performing hemodialysis and 28 patients performing continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis with end-stage renal disease. Epokine^(ⓡ) was given initially at a dosage of 100 unit/kg, subcutaneously, two times a week. The patients had achieved stable or more than 10 g/dL of hemoglobin level for 12 weeks and then we randomized switching intravenously or subcutaneously administrated Epokine^(ⓡ) for another 12 weeks. Results : Hemoglobin(g/dL) and hematocrit(%) increased significantly from baseline levels beginning from 2 weeks after Epokine^(ⓡ) administration. In HD patients, hemoglobin increased significantly from 7.3 to 9.5 after 12 weeks and to 10.6 after 24 weeks. In CAPD patients, hemoglobin increased significantly from 6.8 to 10.2 after 12 weeks and then 10.8 after 24 weeks(p<0.05). Corrected reticulocyte count(%) was significantly increased from baseline levels beginning from 1 week after Epokine^(ⓡ) administration and continuously increased during study period in both group. Serum ferritin and serum iron decreased significantly and total iron binding capacity increased significantly after 2 weeks. At 12 weeks, HD patients were significantly needed more dosage of Epokine^(ⓡ) than CAPD patients(142.2±20.5 vs 117.3±33.6 U/kg/wk, p<0.001), but at 24 weeks, the dosage was not different(123.6±41.5 vs 99.2±49.3 U/kg/wk, p> 0.05). In HD patients, intravenously administrated Epokine^(ⓡ) group was more dosage than subcutaneously group(97.4±15.4 vs 145.4±2.9 U/kg/wk, p< 0.002), but CAPD patients were not different by administration method(93.0±60.2 vs 105.4±9.7 U/kg/ wk, p>0.05). The 9 cases(18.8%) were suffered from headache and flu-like syndrome, but these side effects were not severe and disappeared from conventional therapy. Conclusion : Epokine^(ⓡ) administration is safe and effective in treating anemia of ESRD patients and subcutaneously administration is significantly more effective than intravenously. (Korean J Nephrol 2002;21(2):190-198)

HAPS와 NGSO 시스템의 Service Link상의 간섭영향

양의장,김규환,함형일,강영흥 한국항행학회 2003 韓國航行學會論文誌 Vol.7 No.1

본 논문에서는 성층권 통신 시스템 (HAPS : High Altitude Platform System)과 NGSO (Non-Geostationary Orbit) 시스템간 간섭 영향을 두 가지의 경우로 나누어서 분석한다. 한가지는 HAPS 시스템이NGSO 시스템에 미치는 간섭이며, 다른 한가지는 NGSO위성이 HAPS시스템에 미치는 간섭 영향이다. 그 결과NGSO 이동국이 받는 간섭은 NGSO위성 위치가 95?일 때 가장 높게 나타났으며, 이때 HAPS와 NGSO모두에 의한 간섭은 사용자 수가 20명 이상부터 간섭 기준을 초과함을 알 수 있었다. 그리고 HAPS 이동국이 받는 간섭의 경우에는 NGSO 위성 양각이 87?일 때 가장 높은 간섭이 나타났으며, 이 때 NGSO와 HAPS 모두에 의한 간섭은 사용자 수가 10명 이상부터 간섭 기준을 초과함을 알 수 있었다. 또한 64?일 때 가장 낮은 간섭이 나타났으며, 이때 NGSO와 HAPS 의 사용자 수가 같을 경우에는 190명에서부터 간섭을 초과함을 알 수 있었다. In this paper, we analyze the interference effects between NGSO(Non-Geostationary Orbit) and HAPS(High Altitude Platform System) by dividing into two cases. The one is interference effects of HAPS into NGSO, the another is the interference effectes of NGSO into HAPS. At the result, we can know the interference effect into NGSO mobile station is the highest when position of NGSO is 95%. In this case, we can also know the interference effects from both HAPS and NGSO exceed interference criteria when the number of users are more than 20. And, in the case of the interference effect into HAPS mobile station, we can know it is the highest when elevation angle of NGSO is 87°, and the interference effects from both NGSO and HAPS exceed interference criteria when the number of users is more then 10. Moreover, the interference effect is the minimum, when elevation angle of NGSO is 64°, at this time, in case that the number of users of NGSO equal to the number of user of HAPS, the interference effects exceed interference criteria when the number of users is 190.