S. Typhi, S. Typhimurium 및 S. Enteritidis 균의 분자역학적 연구

강연호,박미선,김성한,유재연,김호훈,이복권 국립보건연구원 1998 국립보건원보 Vol.35 No.-

Gibberellin secreting rhizobacterium, Pseudomonas putida H-2-3 modulates the hormonal and stress physiology of soybean to improve the plant growth under saline and drought conditions

Kang, S.M.,Radhakrishnan, R.,Khan, A.L.,Kim, M.J.,Park, J.M.,Kim, B.R.,Shin, D.H.,Lee, I.J. Gauthier-Villars ; Elsevier Science Ltd 2014 Vol. No.

The physiological changes in tolerant soybean plants under salt and drought stress conditions with Pseudomonas putida H-2-3 were investigated. A bacterial isolate H-2-3 was isolated from soil and identified as Pseudomonas putida H-2-3 by 16S rDNA sequences. The treatment of P. putida H-2-3 significantly increased the length, fresh and dry weight of shoot and chlorophyll content in gibberellins (GAs) deficient mutant Waito-c rice seedlings over the control, it might be the presence of GA<SUB>1</SUB>, GA<SUB>4,</SUB> GA<SUB>9</SUB> and GA<SUB>20.</SUB> The soybean plant growth was retarded in salt (120 mM sodium chloride) and drought (15% polyethylene glycol) stress conditions at 10 days treatments, while P. putida H-2-3 effectively enhanced the shoot length and fresh weight of plants suffered at salt and drought stress. The chlorophyll content was lower in abiotic stress conditions and bacterial inoculant P. putida H-2-3 mitigated the stress effects by an evidence of higher quantity of chlorophyll content in plants exposed to salt and drought. The stress hormonal analysis revealed that individual treatment of P. putida H-2-3, salt and drought significantly enhanced the abscisic acid and salicylic acid content than their control. P. putida H-2-3 applied to salt and drought stressed plants showed a lower level of abscisic acid and salicylic acid and a higher level of jasmonic acid content. Under stress condition induced by salt and drought in plants expressed higher level of total polyphenol, superoxide dismutase and radical scavenging activity and no significant changes in flavonoids. The bio-inoculant, P. putida H-2-3 modulated those antioxidants by declining superoxide dismutase, flavonoids and radical scavenging activity. P. putida H-2-3 induced tolerance against abiotic stress was confirmed by a reduction of Na content in abiotic stressed plants. The results suggest that P. putida H-2-3 application reprograms the chlorophyll, stress hormones and antioxidants expression in abiotic stress affected soybean plant and improves their growth under stress environment.

Anti-inflammatory effects of Stephania tetrandra S. Moore on interleukin-6 production and experimental inflammatory disease models

Kang, H-S,Kim, Y-H,Lee, C-S,Lee, J-J,Choi, I.,Pyun, K-H 충남대학교 약학대학 의약품개발연구소 1997 藥學論文集 Vol.13 No.-

DEREGULATION of interleukin-6 (IL-6) expression caused the synthesis and release of many inflammatory mediators. It is involved in chronic inflammation, autoimmune diseases, and malignancy. Stephania tetrandra S. Moore is a Chinese medicinal herb which has been used traditionally as a remedy for neuralgia and arthritis in China. To investigate the anti-inflammatory effects of S. tetrandra S. Moore in vitro and in vivo, its effects on the production of Il-6 and inflammatory mediators were analysed. When human monocytes/macrophages stimulated with silica were treated with 0.1-10 ㎍/㎖ S. tetranda S. Moore, the production of IL-6 was inhibited up to 50%. At these concentrations, it had no cytotoxicity effect on these cells. It also suppressed the production of Il-6 by alveolar macrophages stimulated with silica. In addition, it inhibited the release of superoxide anion and hydrogen peroxide from human monocytes/macrophages. To assess the anti-fibrosis efects of S. tetrandra S. Moore, its effects on in vivo experimental inflammatory models were evaluated. In the experimental silicosis model, IL-6 activities in the sera and in the culture supernatants of pulmonary fibroblasts were also inhibited by it. In vitro and in vivo treatment of S. tetrandra S. Moore reduced collagen production by rat lung fibroblasts and lung tissue. Also, S. tetrandra S. Moore reduced the levels of serum GOT and GPT in the rat cirrhosis model induced by CCl_4, and it was effective in reducing hepatic fibrosis and nodular formation. Taken together, these data indicate that it has a potent antiinflammatory and anti-fibrosis effect by reducing IL-6 production.

Surveillance of avian influenza virus in wild bird fecal samples from South Korea, 2003-2008.

Kang, H M,Jeong, O M,Kim, M C,Kwon, J S,Paek, M R,Choi, J G,Lee, E K,Kim, Y J,Kwon, J H,Lee, Y J [Wildlife Disease Association] 2010 JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE DISEASES Vol.46 No.3

<P>We analyzed the results from nationwide surveillance of avian influenza (AI) from birds in South Korea's major wild bird habitats and the demilitarized zone of South Korea, 2003-2008. Of 28,214 fecal samples analyzed, 225 yielded influenza viruses, for a prevalence of 0.8%. Hemagglutinin (HA) subtypes H1-H12 and all nine neuraminidase (NA) subtypes were detected. The dominant HA subtypes were H6, H1, and H4, and the most common NA subtypes were N2, N1, and N6. Among the 38 HA/NA subtype combinations, the most common were H4N6, H6N1, and H5N2. Thirty-seven low-pathogenic AI (LPAI) viruses of the H5 and H7 subtype were detected. Among them, we identified bird species for 16 H5- and H7-positive fecal samples using a DNA bar-coding system instituted in 2007; all birds were identified as Anseriformes. The HA gene of the H5 wild bird isolates belonged to the Eurasian avian lineage, and could be clearly distinguished from the sublineage H5N1 highly pathogenic AI (HPAI) of the Eurasian and American avian lineages. Whereas H7 LPAI viruses did not group as a separate sublineage with H7 HPAI viruses, H7 isolates were closely related with the Eurasian avian lineage.</P>

Accelerated cosmological expansion without tension in the Hubble parameter : Fast evolution of the Hubble parameter <i>H(z)</i>

van Putten, Maurice H.P.M.,Gwak, B.,Kang, G.,Kim, C.,Kim, H.-C.,Lee, C.-H.,Lee, J.,Lee, S.,Lee, W. EDP Sciences 2018 The European Physical Journal Conferences Vol.168 No.-

<P>The <I>H</I>0-tension problem poses a confrontation of dark energy driving latetime cosmological expansion measured by the Hubble parameter<I> H</I>(<I>z</I>) over an extended range of redshifts <I>z</I>. Distinct values <I>H</I>0 ≃ 73 km s<SUP>-1</SUP> Mpcs<SUP>-1</SUP> and <I>H</I>0 ≃ 68 km s<SUP>-1</SUP> Mpcs<SUP>-1</SUP> obtain from surveys of the Local Universe and, respectively, ΛCBM analysis of the CMB. These are representative of accelerated expansion with <I>H</I>′(0) ≃ 0 by [see formula in PDF] and, respectively, <I>H</I>′(0) > 0 in ΛCDM, where [see formula in PDF] is a fundamental frequency of the cosmological horizon in a Friedmann-Robertson-Walker universe with deceleration parameter <I>q</I>(<I>z</I>) = -1 + (1+z)<I>H</I><SUP>-1</SUP><I>H</I>′(z). Explicit solution <I>H</I>(z) = <I>H</I>0 [see formula in PDF] and, respectively, <I>H</I>(z) = <I>H</I>0[see formula in PDF] are here compared with recent data on <I>H</I>(<I>z</I>) over 0 ≲ z ≲ 2.The first is found to be free of tension with H0 from local surveys, while the latter is disfavored at 2:7σ A further confrontation obtains in galaxy dynamics by a finite sensitivity of inertia to background cosmology in weak gravity, putting an upper bound of <I>m</I> ≲ 10<SUP>-30</SUP> eV on the mass of dark matter. A <I>C</I><SUP>0</SUP> onset to weak gravity at the de Sitter scale of acceleration <I>adS</I> = <I>cH</I>(<I>z</I>), where <I>c</I> denotes the velocity of light, can be seen in galaxy rotation curves covering 0 ≲ <I>z</I> ≲ 2 Weak gravity in galaxy dynamics hereby provides a proxy for cosmological evolution.</P>

수중 플라즈마 방전 방식 농업용 보일러 유닛 성능평가

강상구 ( S. G. Kang ),박인철 ( I. C. Park ),김길호 ( G. H. Kim ),차두환 ( D. H. Cha ),이다희 ( D. H. Lee ),김영천 ( Y. C. Kim ),신준환 ( J. H. Shin ),곽다현 ( D. H. Kwak ),김지훈 ( J. H. Kim ),강태환 ( T. H. Kang ) 한국농업기계학회 2022 한국농업기계학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.27 No.2

본 연구는 ㈜GA에서 개발한 플라즈마 보일러의 발열체인 단위 유닛(S-10, ㈜GA, KOREA)을 사용하여 유닛 조합에 따른 내부 순환수 경로 형태에 따라 보일러 성능 특성을 분석하여 플라즈마 보일러의 적정 운전 조건을 구명하고자 하였다. 본 연구에서 사용된 플라즈마 보일러 유닛은 정격용량이 10 kW/h 로 설계 제작한 2개의 유닛을 사용하였으며, 전극 코어와 하우징으로 구성되었다. 재질은 타이타늄(Ti) Grade2 소재를 기본으로 백금족의 이리듐(Ir)을 도금하였다. 플라즈마 보일러 유닛의 성능평가는 탱크 용량 200 L 의 순환수를 유량 25 ~ 30 L/min 으로 유지한 상태에서 설정온도 60℃까지 상승시키는 동안 5분 단위로 측정된 입출수 온도, 유량, 소비전력량, 투입열량 및 방출열량을 측정하여 성능계수(COP)를 산출하였고, 보일러 내부 순환수 경로는 병렬과 직렬형 2가지로 나누어 5 반복으로 성능평가를 수행하였다. 실험 결과 AC 3상 4선식 380V 전원 인가 시 순환수 경로가 병렬 형태의 경우에는 운전 전류는 평균 35.88 A 로 측정되었고, 이 때 총 투입열량과 방출열량은 각각 21,981 Kcal/h, 15,855 Kcal/h 로 계산되어 성능계수가 0.8로 나타났다. 순환수 경로가 직렬인 경우에는 운전 전류는 평균 33.31A로 측정되었고, 총 투입 열량과 방출열량은 각각 19,814Kcal/h, 20,088Kcal/h 로 계산되었으며, 성능계수는 1.01 로 나타나 병렬 형태보다 COP가 약 0.21 높게 나타났다. 이로써 직렬형 경로가 병렬형 경로에 비해 평균 운전전류가 2.57A 적게 소비됨에 따라 소비전력이 감소하여 성능계수는 0.21 높게 측정된 것으로 판단된다. 따라서 순환수가 2개의 보일러 유닛에 병렬로 나뉘어 공급되는 병렬형 연결 구조보다 2개의 유닛을 직결하여 순환수를 1차와 2차로 나누어 연속으로 가열하는 직렬형 연결 구조가 플라즈마 보일러에 적합한 것으로 판단된다.

Predicting temporal shifts in the spring occurrence of overwintered Scotinophara lurida (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) and rice phenology in Korea with climate change

Lee, H.,Kang, W. S.,Ahn, M. I.,Cho, K.,Lee, J. H. Springer Science + Business Media 2016 International journal of biometeorology Vol.60 No.1

<P>Climate change could shift the phenology of insects and plants and alter their linkage in space and time. We examined the synchrony of rice and its insect pest, Scotinophara lurida (Burmeister), under the representative concentration pathways (RCP) 8.5 climate change scenario by comparing the mean spring immigration time of overwintered S. lurida with the mean rice transplanting times in Korea. The immigration time of S. lurida was estimated using an overwintered adult flight model. The rice transplanting time of three cultivars (early, medium, and medium-late maturing) was estimated by forecasting the optimal cultivation period using leaf appearance and final leaf number models. A temperature increase significantly advanced the 99 % immigration time of S. lurida from Julian day 192.1 in the 2000s to 178.4 in the 2050s and 163.1 in the 2090s. In contrast, rice transplanting time was significantly delayed in the early-maturing cultivar from day 141.2 in the 2000s to 166.7 in the 2050s and 190.6 in the 2090s, in the medium-maturing cultivar from day 130.6 in the 2000s to 156.6 in the 2050s and 184.7 in the 2090s, and in the medium-late maturing cultivar from day 128.5 in 2000s to 152.9 in the 2050s and 182.3 in the 2090s. These simulation results predict a significant future phenological asynchrony between S. lurida and rice in Korea.</P>

Contribution of small phytoplankton to total primary production in the Chukchi Sea

Lee, S.H.,Sun Yun, M.,Kyung Kim, B.,Joo, H.,Kang, S.H.,Keun Kang, C.,Whitledge, T.E. Pergamon Press ; Elsevier Science Ltd 2013 Continental shelf research Vol.68 No.-

Given a projection of thriving small phytoplankton in the Arctic Ocean under climate-induced environmental changes, it is important to estimate the contribution of small phytoplankton (0.7-5μm) to the total primary production in the Chukchi Sea, which is an important conduit of organic matter from the North Pacific to the Arctic Ocean. Based on a <SUP>13</SUP>C-<SUP>15</SUP>N dual isotope tracer technique, small phytoplankton productivity measurements were taken during two consecutive cruises in the Chukchi Sea in 2004. The total phytoplankton carbon uptake rates ranged from 0 to 25.38mgCm<SUP>-3</SUP>h<SUP>-1</SUP>, whereas the uptake rates of small phytoplankton ranged from 0 to 2.87mgCm<SUP>-3</SUP>h<SUP>-1</SUP>. In comparison with the carbon uptake rates, total phytoplankton nitrate uptake rates ranged from 0 to 4.40mgNm<SUP>-3</SUP>h<SUP>-1</SUP> while small phytoplankton nitrate uptake rates ranged from 0 to 0.39mgNm<SUP>-3</SUP>h<SUP>-1</SUP>. Ammonium uptake rates ranged from 0 to 8.34mgNm<SUP>-3</SUP>h<SUP>-1</SUP> and from 0.01 to 2.18mgNm<SUP>-3</SUP>h<SUP>-1</SUP>, for total and small phytoplankton, respectively. Small phytoplankton contributed 24.80% (S.D.=+/-23.0%) to the total chlorophyll-a concentration, and 59.41% (S.D.=+/-52.12%) to the total carbon biomass due to its higher particulate organic carbon per chlorophyll-a unit during the two cruises in 2004. In the Chukchi Sea, the average contributions of small phytoplankton to carbon and total nitrogen (nitrate+ammonium) uptake rates were 31.72% (S.D.=+/-23.59%) and 37.31% (S.D.=+/-26.06%), respectively.

성장단계별 농후사료 (濃厚飼料) 급여수준이 한우 육성비육우의 (育成肥育牛) 사료효율 , 산육능력 및 육질에 미치는 영향

강수원(S . W . Kang),장선식(S . S . Jang),정연후(Y . H . Chung),신기준(K . J . Shin),손용석(Y . S . Son) 한국영양사료학회 1995 韓國營養飼料學會誌 Vol.19 No.6

DMNQ S-64 Induces Apoptosis via Caspase Activation and Cyclooxygenase-2 Inhibition in Human Nonsmall Lung Cancer Cells

LIM, E.-S.,RHEE, Y.-H.,PARK, M.-K.,SHIM, B.-S.,AHN, K.-S.,KANG, H.,YOO, H.-S.,KIM, S.-H. Wiley (Blackwell Publishing) 2007 Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences Vol.1095 No.1

<P>Shikonin has been reported to induce apoptosis and inhibit angiogenesis in vivo and in vitro. 6-(1-propoxyiminoalkyl)-5,8-dimethoxyoxy 1,4-naphtoquinone S-64 (DMNQ S-64) was synthesized as a shikonin derivative. In this article, the underlying apoptotic mechanism of DMNQ S-64 was examined. DMNQ S-64 exerted cytotoxicity against A549 lung carcinoma cells with IC(50) of 27.3 microM. Apoptotic bodies were observed in DMNQ S-64-treated A549 cells by 4'-6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) staining assay. DMNQ S-64 also increased sub-G1 DNA portion in a concentration-dependent manner by flow cytometric analysis. Western blotting has revealed that DMNQ S-64 effectively activates the expression of caspase 8, 9, and 3, cleaves poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase, and increases the ratio of Bax/Bcl-2. Furthermore, cytochrome c was released in a concentration-dependent manner by DMNQ S-64. Similarly, DMNQ S-64 significantly increased caspase 3 activity by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). It also significantly inhibited the level of prostaglandin E2 (PGE(2)) by ELISA and downregulated the expression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in a concentration-dependent manner. Taken together, DMNQ S-64 may exhibit cytotoxicity against A549 cells via caspase activation and COX-2 inhibition.</P>