농후사료 급여수준이 비거세 한우의 증체와 부위별 지방조직의 지방산 조성에 미치는 효과

송만강,김내수,정정수,최양일,원유석,정재경,최성호 ( M . K . Song,N . S . Kim,C . S . Chung,Y . I . Choi,Y . S . Won,J . K . Chung,S . H . Choi ) 한국축산학회 1998 한국축산학회지 Vol.40 No.5

The study was conducted with 63 Hanwoo bull calves of 193 days old for 19 months(up to 26 month of age) to examine the effect of feeding level of concentrate on the body weight gain, feed requirements and fatty acid composition of adipose tissues of various locations(subcutaneous, abdominal, kidney, intermuscular and intramuscular fats). The calves were allotted into 3 treatments according to the feeding level of concentrate(85, 100 and 115%), and fed concentrates of Grower(7∼10 month of age), Finisher I(11∼16 month of age), Finisher II (17∼20 month of age) and Finisher III(21∼26 month of age). The feeding levels of concentrates for the cattle of 85% and 115% were decreased or increased by 15%, respectively, up to 15 month of age based on the similar body weight to the cattle of 100%. The feeding levels of the concentrates for the cattle of 85% and 100% were continuously increased for the next 2 months, to make same levels as for the cattle of I15%, thereafter amount of concentrate were continuously increased based on the rate of body gain for all the cattle. The cattle were fed in a individual feeding system through the experimental period. The cattle were slaughtered at the ages of 6, 14, 18 and 24 month and adipose tissues were collected to analyze long chain fatty acids. Results observed from the study were summarized as follows Overall mean dry matter intake and body gain per day and feed requirements of Hanwoo bulls during the 19 months of feeding from 193 day old calves were 6.69㎏, 0.95㎏ and 7.06, respectively. Body gain of the Hanwoo bulls during experimental period was greatly affected by the feeding level of concentrate, but feed requirement was improved up to 20 month of age with the decreased feeding level of concentrate. Fatty acids of C_(16:0) C_(18:0) and C_(18:1) in the adipose tissues at various locations of Hanwoo bulls were dominated. The feeding level of concentrate did not affect the fatty acid composition except for C_(16:1) and C_(18:1) in subcutaneous fat, and C_(18:1) and C_(18:2) in intramuscular fat of the cattle that were fed at the level of 85% at the age of 14 month(P$lt;.05). No differences were observed in fatty acid composition of adipose tissues of each location for the cattle of 18 and 24 month of age among treatments. There were tendencies of greater C_(16:1) and C_(18:1) in subcutaneous and intramuscular fats while higher C_(18:0) in abdominal fat. There were also trends of greater unsaturated fatty acid compositions in subcutaneous and intramuscular fats and higher saturated fatty acids in abdominal, kidney and intermuscular fats. Percent C_(18:0) tended to be decreased while C_(16:1) C_(18:1) and C_(18:2) increased with the age of Hanwoo bulls.

Enhanced adipogenic differentiation and reduced collagen synthesis induced by human periodontal ligament stem cells might underlie the negative effect of recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein‐2 on periodontal regeneration

Song, D‐,S.,Park, J‐,C.,Jung, I‐,H.,Choi, S‐,H.,Cho, K‐,S.,Kim, C‐,K.,Kim, C‐,S. Blackwell Publishing Ltd 2011 Journal of periodontal research Vol.46 No.2

<P> <I>Song D‐S, Park J‐C, Jung I‐H, Choi S‐H, Cho K‐S, Kim C‐K, Kim C‐S. Enhanced adipogenic differentiation and reduced collagen synthesis induced by human periodontal ligament stem cells might underlie the negative effect of recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein‐2 on periodontal regeneration. J Periodont Res 2011; 46: 193–203. © 2010 John Wiley & Sons A/S</I> </P><P><B>Background and Objective: </B> Recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein‐2 (rhBMP‐2) is a potent inducer for the regeneration of mineralized tissue, but has a limited effect on the regeneration of cementum and periodontal ligament (PDL). The aim of the present study was to determine the effects of rhBMP‐2 on the <I>in vitro</I> and <I>in vivo</I> biologic activity of well‐characterized human PDL stem cells (hPDLSCs) and to elucidate the underlying mechanism of minimal periodontal regeneration by rhBMP‐2.</P><P><B>Material and Methods: </B> hPDLSCs were isolated and cultured, and then transplanted into an ectopic subcutaneous mouse model using a carrier treated either with or without rhBMP‐2. Comprehensive histologic, histometric and immunohistochemical analyses were performed after an 8‐wk healing period. The effects of rhBMP‐2 on the adipogenic and osteogenic/cementogenic differentiation of hPDLSCs were also evaluated. The effect of rhBMP‐2 on both soluble and insoluble collagen synthesis was analyzed, and the expression of mRNA and protein for collagen types I, II, III and V was assessed.</P><P><B>Results: </B> In the present study, rhBMP‐2 promoted both adipogenic and osteogenic/cementogenic differentiation of hPDLSCs <I>in vitro</I>, and the <I>in vivo</I> potential of hPDLSCs to form mineralized cementum and organized PDL tissue was down‐regulated following treatment with rhBMP‐2. Collagen synthesis, which plays a crucial role in the regeneration of cementum and the periodontal attachment, was significantly reduced, with associated modification of the relevant mRNA and protein expression profiles.</P><P><B>Conclusion: </B> In summary, the findings of the present study suggest that enhanced adipogenic differentiation and inhibition of collagen synthesis by hPDLSCs appear to be partly responsible for the minimal effect of rhBMP‐2 on cementum and PDL tissue regeneration by hPDLSCs.</P>

Application of a wet oxidation method for the quantification of ³H and ¹⁴C in low-level radwastes

Ahn, H.J.,Song, B.C.,Sohn, S.C.,Lee, M.H.,Song, K.,Jee, K.Y. Pergamon Press ; Elsevier Science Ltd 2013 Applied radiation and isotopes Vol.81 No.-

Wet oxidation methods are utilized to separate and quantify <SUP>3</SUP>H and <SUP>14</SUP>C radionuclides in inorganic and organic radwastes generated at nuclear facilities. Because <SUP>3</SUP>H and <SUP>14</SUP>C are pure beta emitters with half-lives of 12.3 and 5,730 years, respectively, these radionuclides should be chemically separated from other radionuclides present in radwastes for accurate quantification. In particular, a collection technique for <SUP>14</SUP>C radionuclide in radwastes is needed because it is converted into <SUP>14</SUP>CO<SUB>2</SUB> gas by an oxidation reaction. To confirm the recoveries of <SUP>3</SUP>H and <SUP>14</SUP>C, various standard radioactive sources were used to verify the proposed method. Because the majority of <SUP>3</SUP>H radionuclides are distributed in tritiated water (HTO), only tritiated water was used as a standard for <SUP>3</SUP>H radionuclides. Additionally, <SUP>14</SUP>C-labeled methanol (<SUP>14</SUP>CH<SUB>3</SUB>OH), lauric acid (<SUP>14</SUP>CH<SUB>3</SUB>(CH<SUB>2</SUB>)<SUB>10</SUB>COOH), sodium bicarbonate (NaH<SUP>14</SUP>CO<SUB>3</SUB>), and toluene (C<SUB>6</SUB>H<SUB>5</SUB><SUP>14</SUP>CH<SUB>3</SUB>) were used as <SUP>14</SUP>C standards. The compounds were oxidized with chemical oxidants and then separated. The individual species were mixed with a scintillation cocktail and counted using a liquid scintillation counter. The recoveries of <SUP>14</SUP>C and <SUP>3</SUP>H were 82-97% and 98%, respectively. The wet oxidation method will be applied to RI wastes for clearance.

Chlortetracycline 과 비닐포장처리에 의한 토육의 상온저장시험

이용빈,송계원,고준수 한국축산학회 1965 한국축산학회지 Vol.7 No.1

The shelf-life of cony meat was studied out in this experiment. After the rabbit dressed out, the meat was treated with 10 p.p.m. Chlortetracycline (C.T.C.) solution and packed with polyethylene. The samples were taken from the muscle of the rump and the round. We allotted eight treatments: That is, two temperature levels (5℃ and 20℃) that have two treatments: Control and C.T.C.-Treated. And each treatment of each temperature levels has two treatments, Control and Packed with Polyethylene. The items investigated are the change of the number of microorganisms, pH, and methylene blue reducing time. The results are as follows: 1. Effectively, C.T.C. suppressed the increasing of microorganisms of cony meat during the storage. And there was highly significant difference at 1.0% level in the C.T.C.-Treated meats on the Ist day of storage. The number of microorganism reached 10^8 per gram in 20℃-Control by the 2nd day of storage and 10^8 per gram by the 7th day of storage. 2. The increasing of yeasts was apparent in 20℃-C.T.C.-Treated on the 5th and 6th day of storage. And on the 7th day of storage, molds were also found. 3. Polyethylene packing was effective (significant at 5.0%) on the 2nd, 3rd, 4th, and 5th day of storage in 5℃-Control, and on the 2nd, 3rd day of storage in 20℃-C.T.C.-Treated. 4. The pH of cony meat during storage was lower in 20℃-C.T.C.-Treated by the 4th day of storage than in 5℃-Control, but after 5th day of storage, the pH of meat. was increased rapidly. 5. The C.T.C. treatment has a more strong effect upon the change of pH of cony meat than the polyethylene packing throughout the storage. And the effect of the temperature was greater than that of C.T.C.-Treatment. 6. C.T.C.-Treatment has shorten methylene blue reducing time than control (significant at 1.0%). And the methylene blue reducing time of 20℃-C.T.C.-Treated was similart to that of 5℃-Control all throughout the experiment period. 7. Polyethylene packing has an effect upon the methylene blue reducing time on the 3rd, 4th day of storage (significant at 5.0%). In the testing of L.S.D., there was no significant differences throughout the period.

아마씨의 급여가 착유우의 영양소 소화율 , 유생산성 및 유지방내 지방산조성에 미치는 영향

정태영(T . Y . Chung),송만강(M . K . Song),문철성(C . S . Moon),김종민(C . M . Kim),김동일(D . I . Kim),심정석(J . S . Sim) 한국영양사료학회 1996 韓國營養飼料學會誌 Vol.20 No.5

PET 영상의 잡음개선을 위한 적응적 공간 필터 개발

우상근,최용,임기천,송태용,정진호,이경한,김상은,최연성,박장춘,김병태,Woo, S. K.,Choi, Y.,Im, K. C.,Song, T. Y.,Jung, J. H.,Lee, K. H.,Kim, S. E.,Choe, Y. S.,Park, C. C.,Kim, B. T. 대한의용생체공학회 2002 의공학회지 Vol.23 No.3

양전자방출단층촬영기(Positron emission tomography, PET) 영상 개선을 위하여 적응적 공간 필터를 개발하였으며. 개발한 필터의 성능을 시뮬레이션데이터. 모형 PET 영상과 환자 PET 영상을 이용하여 평가하였다. 경계화소로 검출된 화소와 윈도우내의 모든 화소값이 동일한 화소는 보존하고. 그 외 화소에 대하여 2:7:2 비율로 가중치를 주어 정열한 후 중앙의 9개 화소에 대한 평균값으로 대치하였다. 경계화소를 검출하기 위하여 두 개의 임계값(TH7, TH2)을 이용하였으며. 다음의 조건을 만족하면 경계화소로 판단하였다 . THl ($pix_max{\times}0.1/log_2(NPM)$, NPM :주변값중 최상위 값과 최하위 값을 제외한 주변값들의 평균) 보다 작은 ADs (중앙값과 주변값의 차에 대한 절대값) 개수는 8-k이고. TH2 ($NPM{\times}0.1$) 보다 큰 ADs 개수는 k. 여기서 k는 2, 3 ‥‥ 6의 값을 가진다 성능평가 결과 이 연구에서 제안한 필터가 가우시안 필터, 가중메디안 필터, 부분집합평균메디안 필터 등과 비교하여 우수한 성능을 제공하는 것을 관찰하였다. 본 논문에서 개발한 간단한 적응적 공간 필터는 공간 분해능 저하는 최소화하면서 균일도와 대조도를 향상시키는데 효과적 이여서 정확한 PET 영상 해석에 기여할 것으로 기대된다 A spatially adaptive falter was formulated to imrove PET image qualify and the Performance of the filter was evaluated using simulation and phantom and human PET studies. In the proposed filter. if a pixel was identified as the edge Pixel, the Pixel value was Preserved. Otherwise a Pixel was replaced by the mean of the pixel values weighted by 2:7: 2. A Pixel was identified as the edge Pixel. if it satisfies the following conditions : the number of ADs (absolute difference between center and neighborhood pixels) which is smaller than THl (($pix_max{\times}0.1/log_2(NPM)$, NPM : mean of 6 neighborhood pixels excluding minimum and maximum) is 8-k and the number of ADs which is lager than TH2 ($NPM{\times}0.1$) is k. where k : 2, 3, …, 6. The results of this study demonstrate the superior performance of the Proposed titter compared to Gaussian fitter, weight median filter and subset averaged median filter. The proposed tittering method is simple but effective in increasing uniformity and contrast with minimal degradation of spatial resolution of PET images and thus. is expected to Provide improved diagnositc quality PET images .

食品에 있어서 有毒性農藥의 殘留量 測定硏究(第8報)

宋哲,金吉生,李興在,李哲遠,盧晶培 國立保健硏究院 1975 국립보건연구원보 Vol.12 No.-

食品에 있어서의 有毒性農藥의 殘留量測定硏究 (第10報)

宋哲,權佑昌,李興在,元敬豊,李哲遠,鄭英姬,盧晶培 國立保健硏究院 1977 국립보건연구원보 Vol.14 No.-

C형 간염바이러스 항체 양성률에 관한 조사

최철석 ( C S Choi ),이경옥 ( K O Lee ),송남석 ( N S Song ) 대한임상검사과학회 1992 대한임상검사과학회지(KJCLS) Vol.24 No.1

A total of 1,978 sera was tested for anibody to hepatitis C virus(HCV) by ELISA. Of these, 153(7. 7%) were found anti-HCV positive, and another 139(7.0%) were HBs antigen positive. Eleven(0.6 %) of these were positive ofr both anti-HCV and HBs antigen, and all 11 subjects did not have elevated AST nor AL T levels. On the other hand, 70% of HCV positive patients had elevated AST, ALT. While 20% of HBs antigen positive patients had elevated the enzymes. In this study we did not see a good correlation between anti-HCV positive and HBs antigen positive incidences. All children tested for anti-HCV were negative. In contrast to this, in adults the rate of anti-HCV positive were increased as they get older. This finding suggest that not only the rate of vertical transmission of HCV may be less frequent than that of HBV but also children have fewer chances for exposure to HCV infection than that of adults.

Preparation, Ferroelectric and Electrical Properties of Lead Germanate Pb5Ge3O11 thin films prepared by sol-gel methods

C.H. Chang,J.S. Kim,H.S. Lee,J.K. Kim,S.S. Kim,T.K. Song 한국물리학회 2005 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.46 No.1

Lead germanate Pb5Ge3O11 (PGO) thin flms were prepared by sol-gel methods and their electrical properties were obtained. Single phase of prepared PGO thin flm was confrmed by X-ray diraction peaks. PGO thin lms with c-axis oriented grains were prepared on (111) Pt-coated Si substrates when heat treated at 450C 600C for 1 h. Grains showed a plate like shape and grain size was increased with increasing annealing temperature. PGO thin lms were found to be ferroelectric at room temperature, and remanent polarization was about 4 C/cm2 at a coercive feld of 100 kV/cm. In this work, preparation, ferroelectric and electrical properties of PGO thin flms were investigated.