Effects of COVID-19 Outbreak on Children’s Mental Health: A Comparative Study with Children Diagnosed and Isolated from Their Parents

Ş,enay Kılınç,el,Feray Tarımtay Altun,Ö,zgecan Nuryü,z,Ezgi Tan,Erkal Erzincan,Oğ,uzhan Kılınç,el,Esra Yazıcı,Muhammed Ayaz 대한신경정신의학회 2021 PSYCHIATRY INVESTIGATION Vol.18 No.2

Objective The COVID-19 outbreak has negatively affected children in many ways. This study aimed to compare the psychological responses of children exposed to different levels of stress during the COVID-19 outbreak. Methods The anxiety levels, negative thoughts, and quality of life of COVID-19-positive children with COVID-19-positive parents (Child+ group, n=17), COVID-19-negative children who are separated from COVID-19-positive parents (Parent+ group, n=59), and a control group (n=64) were compared. The participants completed the Screen for Child Anxiety and Related Disorders (SCARED), Children’s Negative Cognitive Errors Questionnaire (CNCEQ), and Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQL). Results The statistical analysis revealed that the Parent+ group recorded higher SCARED and CNCEQ scores and lower PedsQL scores in comparison with the control group. No statistically significant difference was found between the scores of the Child+ and control groups. Furthermore, high CNCEQ scores and low PedsQL scores in the Parent+ group predicted an increase in their SCARED scores. Conclusion Our study indicates that separating children from their parents during the COVID-19 outbreak negatively influences their mental health and increases their anxiety levels.

Evaluation of Patients Treated in Intensıve Care Due to COVID-19: A Retrospective Study

Kılınç Gökhan,Atasoy Aslı Akcan 대한감염학회 2022 Infection and Chemotherapy Vol.54 No.2

Background The aim of this study is to report the demographic characteristics, clinical features, treatment protocols, comorbidities, imaging findings, prognosis and factors affecting mortality in critically ill patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in the intensive care unit. Materials and Methods This retrospective cohort study consists of adult (≥18 years old) patients hospitalized in a tertiary hospital intensive care unit of with COVID-19. The independent effects of possible factors identified in previous analyzes on survival were analyzed using univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis. Results The mean age of all patients was 70.2 ± 13.9 years. Of the 200 patients, 139 (69.5%) had died. White blood cells (19.2 ± 76.1 × 109 per L), neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (15.4 ± 65.1), d-dimer (2,558.4 ± 4,574.2 ng/mL), ferritin (1,481.2 ± 4,447.4 μg/L) and C-reactive protein (CRP) (12.1 ± 11.9 mg/dL) levels were high at the time of admission. According to the results of univariate regression analysis; presence of additional disease (odds ratio [OR]: 3.837; P = 0.015), older age (OR: 1.027; P = 0.015), reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) positivity (OR: 2.58; P = 0.019), higher heart rate (OR = 1.027; P = 0.028), higher APACHE II score (OR: 1.049; P = 0.012), higher sequential organ failure assessement (SOFA) score(OR: 1.479; P = 0.014), high d-dimer levels (OR: 3.180; P <0.001) and high CRP levels (OR: 1.035; P = 0.028) increases the risk of death. When patients with full data for all variables in the multivariate logistic regression model were evaluated; positive RT-PCR (OR=4.105; P = 0.005), older age (OR: 1.033; P = 0.024), higher heart rate (OR: 1.042; P = 0.006), higher (SOFA) score (OR: 1.477; P <0.001), high d-dimer levels at admission (OR: 3.459; P = 0.002) and diabetes mellitus (OR: 3.433; P = 0.035) increase the risk of death. Conclusion Mortality of critically ill patients with COVID-19 pneumonia was high (69.5%). Older patients and acute respiratory distress syndrome were at higher risk of death. High SOFA score, high d-dimer at admission, and presence of diabetes mellitus were associated with high mortality. Background The aim of this study is to report the demographic characteristics, clinical features, treatment protocols, comorbidities, imaging findings, prognosis and factors affecting mortality in critically ill patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in the intensive care unit. Materials and Methods This retrospective cohort study consists of adult (≥18 years old) patients hospitalized in a tertiary hospital intensive care unit of with COVID-19. The independent effects of possible factors identified in previous analyzes on survival were analyzed using univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis. Results The mean age of all patients was 70.2 ± 13.9 years. Of the 200 patients, 139 (69.5%) had died. White blood cells (19.2 ± 76.1 × 109 per L), neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (15.4 ± 65.1), d-dimer (2,558.4 ± 4,574.2 ng/mL), ferritin (1,481.2 ± 4,447.4 μg/L) and C-reactive protein (CRP) (12.1 ± 11.9 mg/dL) levels were high at the time of admission. According to the results of univariate regression analysis; presence of additional disease (odds ratio [OR]: 3.837; P = 0.015), older age (OR: 1.027; P = 0.015), reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) positivity (OR: 2.58; P = 0.019), higher heart rate (OR = 1.027; P = 0.028), higher APACHE II score (OR: 1.049; P = 0.012), higher sequential organ failure assessement (SOFA) score(OR: 1.479; P = 0.014), high d-dimer levels (OR: 3.180; P <0.001) and high CRP levels (OR: 1.035; P = 0.028) increases the risk of death. When patients with full data for all variables in the multivariate logistic regression model were evaluated; positive RT-PCR (OR=4.105; P = 0.005), older age (OR: 1.033; P = 0.024), higher heart rate (OR: 1.042; P = 0.006), higher (SOFA) score (OR: 1.477; P <0.001), high d-dimer levels at admission (OR: 3.459; P = 0.002) and diabetes mellitus (OR: 3.433; P = 0.035) increase the risk of death. Conclusion Mortality of critically ill patients with COVID-19 pneumonia was high (69.5%). Older patients and acute respiratory distress syndrome were at higher risk of death. High SOFA score, high d-dimer at admission, and presence of diabetes mellitus were associated with high mortality.

Effects of metal surface grinding at the porcelain try-in stage of fixed dental prostheses

Halil İbrahim Kılınç,Bülent Kesim,Hasan Önder Gümüş,Mehmet Dinçel,Selçuk Erkaya 대한치과보철학회 2014 The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics Vol.6 No.4

PURPOSE. This study was to evaluate the effect of grinding of the inner metal surface during the porcelain try-in stage on metal-porcelain bonding considering the maximum temperature and the vibration of samples. MATERIALS AND METHODS. Ninety-one square prism-shaped (1 × 1 × 1.5 mm) nickel-chrome cast frameworks 0.3 mm thick were prepared. Porcelain was applied on two opposite outer axial surfaces of the frameworks. The grinding was performed from the opposite axial sides of the inner metal surfaces with a low-speed handpiece with two types of burs (diamond, tungsten-carbide) under three grinding forces (3.5 N, 7 N, 14 N) and at two durations (5 seconds, 10 seconds). The shear bond strength (SBS) test was performed with universal testing machine. Statistical analyzes were performed at 5% significance level. RESULTS. The samples subjected to grinding under 3.5 N showed higher SBS values than those exposed to grinding under 7 N and 14 N (P<.05). SBS values of none of the groups differed from those of the control group (P>.05). The types of bur (P=.965) and the duration (P=.679) did not affect the SBS values. On the other hand, type of bur, force applied, and duration of the grinding affected the maximum temperatures of the samples, whereas the maximum vibration was affected only by the type of bur (P<.05). CONCLUSION. Grinding the inner metal surface did not affect the metalporcelain bond strength. Although the grinding affected the maximum temperature and the vibration values of the samples, these did not influence the bonding strength.

Effect of abutment types and resin cements on the esthetics of implant-supported restorations

Asena Çeken,Hamiyet Kılınç,Sedanur Turgut 대한치과보철학회 2023 The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics Vol.15 No.3

PURPOSE. The aim of the study was to evaluate the optical properties of new generation (3Y-TZP) monolithic zirconia (MZ) with different abutment types and resin cement shades. MATERIALS AND METHODS. A1/LT MZ specimens were prepared (10 × 12 × 1 mm, N = 30) and divided into 3 groups according to cement shades as transparent (Tr), yellow (Y) and opaque (O). Abutment specimens were obtained from 4 different materials including zirconia (Group Z), hybrid (Group H), titanium (Group T) and anodized yellow titanium (Group AT). MZ and abutment specimens were then cemented. L*, a*, and b* parameters were obtained from MZ, MZ + abutment, and MZ + abutment + cement. ΔE001* (between MZ and MZ + abutment), ΔE002* (between MZ and MZ + abutment + cement) and ΔE003* (between MZ + abutment and MZ + abutment + cement) values were calculated. Statistical analyses included 2-way ANOVA, Bonferroni, and Paired Sample t -Tests (P < .05). RESULTS. Abutment types and resin cements had significant effect on L*, a*, b*, ΔE001*, ΔE002*, and ΔE003* values (P < .001). Without cementation, whereas zirconia abutment resulted in the least discoloration (ΔE001* = 0.68), titanium abutment caused the most discoloration (ΔE001* = 4.99). The least ΔE002* = 0.68 value was seen using zirconia abutment after cementation with yellow shaded cement. Opaque shaded cement caused the most color change (ΔE003* = 5.24). Cement application increased the L* values in all groups. CONCLUSION. The least color change with/without cement was observed in crown configurations created with zirconia abutments. Zirconia and hybrid abutments produced significantly lower ΔE002* and ΔE003* values in combination with yellow shaded cement. The usage of opaque shaded cement in titanium/anodized titanium groups may enable the clinically unacceptable ΔE00* value to reach the acceptable level.

Computerized analysis of occlusal contacts in bruxism patients treated with occlusal splint therapy

Hasan Önder Gümüş,Halil İbrahim Kılınç,Süleyman Hakan Tuna,Nihal Özcan 대한치과보철학회 2013 The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics Vol.5 No.3

PURPOSE. Occlusal splints are commonly used to prevent tooth wear caused by bruxism. However, the effects of splints on occlusion are still unclear. Although it is rarely alluded in literature, splints can provoke severe occlusal alterations and other complications. This study was aimed to identify differences in the responses of individuals with bruxism and healthy individuals to a full-arch maxillary stabilization splint in terms of occlusal changes. MATERIALS AND METHODS. Occlusal contacts in 20 (5 male, 15 female) bruxism patients and 20 (5 male, 15 female) controls with normal occlusion were evaluated before and after occlusal splint therapy. T-Scan III, a computerized occlusal analysis system, was used to simultaneously measure occlusion and disclusion times as well as left-right and anterior-posterior contact distributions before splint therapy and 3 months after therapy. Wilcoxon and Mann-Whitney U tests were used for statistical analyses (α=.05). RESULTS. No differences were found in the posterior contact of bruxism patients before and after stabilization splint treatment. However, differences in posterior contact were observed between bruxists and normal individuals prior to treatment, and this difference disappeared following treatment. CONCLUSION. The results of this study showed the use of a stabilization splint may not have an effect on occlusion. However, the area of posterior occlusal contact among bruxists was found to be greater than that of normal individuals. According to this study, the clinical use of splints may be harmless.

Evaluation of the resin cement thicknesses and push-out bond strengths of circular and oval fiber posts in oval-shapes canals

Özgür Er,Kerem Kılıç,Halil İbrahim Kılınç,Tuğrul Aslan,Burak Sağsen 대한치과보철학회 2015 The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics Vol.7 No.1

PURPOSE. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether the push-out bond strength varies between oval and circular fiber posts, and to examine the effect on the resin cement thicknesses around the posts. MATERIALS AND METHODS. Eighteen mandibular premolar roots were separated into two groups for oval and circular fiber posts systems. Post spaces were prepared and fiber posts were luted to the post spaces. Roots were cut horizontally to produce 1-mm-thick specimens. Resin cement thicknesses were determined with a metallographic optical microscope and push-out tests were done. RESULTS. No significant differences were observed in terms of push-out bond strength between the oval and circular fiber posts (P>.05) The resin cement thicknesses of the oval posts were greater than those of the circular posts group in the coronal, middle and apical specimens (P<.05). CONCLUSION. In the light of these results, it can be stated that resin cement thickness does not affect the push-out bond strength.

Reliability and Validity Study of the Turkish Version of Child and Adolescent Social Support Scale for Healthy Behaviors

Sevil Albayrak,Biriz Çakır,Fatma Nisancı Kılınç,Ozge Vergili,Yurdagül Erdem 한국간호과학회 2018 Asian Nursing Research Vol.12 No.4

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to investigate adaptation, validity, and reliability of the Turkish version of the Child and Adolescent Social Support Scale for Healthy Behaviors (CASSS-HB). Methods: The CASSS-HB was translated using translation and back-translation. This was a methodological study conducted with 860 students (11-14 years old). Content and construct validity were assessed to test the validity of the CASSS-HB. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis of the scale was performed and the reliability of the scale over time (the test-retest method) was examined. Results: Psychometric analyses of the Turkish version of the CASSS-HB indicate high reliability and good content and construct validity. Conclusions: It can be seen that the items comprising the scale appear to be acceptably capable of measuring the variable of social support in terms of healthy behavior in children and adolescents. Healthcare professionals can thus use the scale for determining the degree of social support students of the ages 11-14 receive in terms of developing healthy behavior.

The effect of neuropathic pain on quality of life, depression levels, and sleep quality in patients with combat-related extremity injuries

Atar Merve Örücü,Kamacı Gizem Kılınç,Özcan Fatma,Demir Yasin,Aydemir Koray 대한외상학회 2022 大韓外傷學會誌 Vol.35 No.3

Purpose: There is limited research on the effects of neuropathic pain (NP) on quality of life, depression levels, and sleep quality in patients with combat-related extremity injuries. This study evaluated whether patients with combat-related extremity injuries with and without NP had differences in quality of life, sleep quality, and depression levels.Methods: A total of 98 patients with combat-related extremity injuries, 52 with NP and 46 without, were included in this cross-sectional study. The presence of NP was determined using the Leeds Assessment of Neuropathic Symptoms and Signs questionnaire. The outcome measures were a visual analogue scale (VAS), the 36-Item Short Form Survey, the Beck Depression Inventory, and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI).Results: The VAS subparameter scores for pain (all P˂0.05), PSQI sleep duration subscale scores (P=0.025), PSQI sleep disturbance subscale scores (P=0.016), and PSQI total scores (P=0.020) were significantly higher in patients with NP than those without. Logistic regression analysis showed that VAS scores of 5 and above for average pain during the previous 4 weeks contributed independently to the prediction of NP.Conclusions: Patients with combat-related extremity injuries with NP had more pain and poorer sleep quality than those without NP. Sleep quality should be evaluated as part of the diagnostic work-up in patients with combat-related extremity injury with NP, and interventions to improve sleep quality may help manage NP in this patient group.

Investigation of Relaxin-3 Serum Levels in terms of Social Interaction, Communication, and Appetite as a Biomarker in Children with Autism

Semih Erden,Kevser Nalbant,İ,brahim Kılınç 대한정신약물학회 2022 CLINICAL PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY AND NEUROSCIENCE Vol.20 No.1

Objective: To investigate the possible relationship between relaxin-3 and autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Methods: Serum relaxin-3 was measured in 80 children (50 children diagnosed with ASD and 30 controls). Symptom severity in the ASD group was evaluated by the Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS). Behavioral and nutritional problems in the groups were evaluated using the Abnormal Behavior Checklist (ABC) and the Children s Eating Behavior Questionnaire (CEBQ). Results: Our findings showed that serum relaxin-3 levels were higher in children with ASD than in the controls. The listening response sub-scale score of the CARS scale was found to decrease as the level of relaxin-3 increased. However, as relaxin-3 levels increased in children with ASD, it was found that the speech problem sub-scale score on the ABC scale and the desire to drink score on the CEBQ scale increased, but the satiety responsiveness and food fussiness scores decreased. Conclusion: This study the first to investigate serum levels of relaxin-3, which has a role in regulating social behavior and nutritional behavior in children with ASD.

Oxytocin and Vasopressin Levels and Related Factors in Adolescents with Social Phobia and Other Anxiety Disorders

Necati Uzun,Ö,mer Faruk Akç,a,İ,brahim Kılınç,Tevfik Balcı 대한정신약물학회 2022 CLINICAL PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY AND NEUROSCIENCE Vol.20 No.2

Objective: This study aimed to determine whether a difference exists in plasma oxytocin and vasopressin levels among social anxiety disorder, other anxiety disorders, and healthy control groups in adolescents. The relationship between several psychiatric variables (i.e., state and trait anxiety, social anxiety, childhood trauma, and behavioral inhibition) and oxytocin or vasopressin levels were also investigated in adolescents with anxiety disorders. Methods: The study included three groups of adolescents: social anxiety disorder (n = 29), those with other anxiety disorders (n = 27), and the control group (n = 28). The participants filled out self-report scales to determine various psychological variables. Oxytocin and vasopressin levels were determined from the blood samples of the participants. Results: The oxytocin levels did not show a significant difference between the social anxiety disorder group and the other anxiety disorders group. However, the oxytocin levels were significantly higher in the social anxiety disorder and other anxiety disorders groups than in the control group. The vasopressin levels did not show a significant difference among the groups. According to the hierarchical regression analysis, the state and trait anxiety levels predicted oxytocin in opposite directions. Oxytocin showed positive and negative relationship with trait and state anxiety respectively. No predictive factors were found for the vasopressin levels. Conclusion: We found that the oxytocin levels of adolescents with social anxiety disorder were not different from those of adolescents with other anxiety disorders. Further studies can improve our knowledge of the relationship among anxiety disorders and oxytocin or vasopressin.