Layout optimization of box girder with RBF-NNM-APSO algorithm

Junle Yang,Yixiao Qin,Qianqian Jiao 대한기계학회 2022 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.36 No.11

The layout optimization problem of complex box girder structure is solved with a new method RBF-NNM-APSO formed with the digital neural network model (NNM) of radial basis function (RBF) and adaptive particle swarm optimization (APSO) algorithm in this paper. The optimized surrogate model is proposed and applied to the configuration optimization of heavy-duty box girder of casting crane for improving the mechanical properties of the optimized object and expediting proceedings. First, the parametric command flow finite element numerical model of box girder is established. The RBF neural network is trained by constructing a mixed orthogonal experimental table of parameters, and the relationship between the design variables and the maximum stress and deformation is established. Subsequently, the trained RBF neural network design scheme is optimized by APSO algorithm. Finally, on the premise of not increasing the total mass, a new layout form of box girder is obtained.

Improved Quantum-Behaved Particle Swarm Method for Optimizing Complex Thin Plate Structure

Weitao Cheng,Yixiao Qin,Jinpeng Gu,Haibiao Gao,Yue Yan,Junle Yang,Yang Chen,Shen Su,Kaiyao Yang 대한토목학회 2023 KSCE Journal of Civil Engineering Vol.27 No.4

A large number of heavy-duty asymmetric thin-plate box girder structures exist in large equipment, and their optimization can reduce the amount of material used and increase their load-carrying capacity. A new optimization method based on the Improved Quantum-Behaved Particle Swarm Optimization method (IQBPSO) is proposed in order to efficiently solve the mathematical model for the rationalization and optimization design of structures. The penalty function and Lévy flight strategy are considered in the optimization design of the improved algorithm, thus transforming the constrained optimization problem into an unconstrained optimization problem and improving the diversity and local optimization search capability of the quantum particle swarm. A mathematical model for the optimal design of box girder section size is established with the reduction of beam cross-sectional area as the objective function and the thin plate strength, rigidity, and stability of the thin slab as the constraints. The rapid lightweight design of the thin plate box beam was achieved, resulting in a 9.6% reduction in the manufacturing cost of the thin plate box beam. The optimization results are compared with several solutions of the thin slab box beams to verify the reliability and validity of the proposed optimization method.

Diagnostic value of alcoholic liver disease (ALD)/nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) index combined with γ-glutamyl transferase in differentiating ALD and NAFLD

( Junling Wang ),( Ping Li ),( Zhilong Jiang ),( Qiuhui Yang ),( Yuqiang Mi ),( Yonggang Liu ),( Ruifang Shi ),( Yonghe Zhou ),( Jinsheng Wang ),( Wei Lu ),( Si Li ),( Dan Liu ) 대한내과학회 2016 The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine Vol.31 No.3

Background/Aims: This study aimed to verify the reliability of the alcoholic liver disease (ALD)/nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) index (ANI) for distinguishing ALD in patients with hepatic steatosis from NAFLD, and to investigate whether ANI combined with γ-glutamyl transferase (GGT) would enhance the accuracy of diagnosis in China. Methods: A hundred thirty-nine cases of fatty liver disease (FLD) were divided into two groups of ALD and NAFLD. The ANI was calculated with an online calculator. All indicators and ANI values were analyzed using statistical methods. Results: ANI was significantly higher in patients with ALD than in those with NAFLD (7.11 ± 5.77 vs. .3.09 ± 3.89, p < 0.001). With a cut-off value of .0.22, the sensitivity, specificity, and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) of diagnosed ALD cases was 87.1%, 92.5%, and 0.934 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.879 to 0.969), respectively. The corresponding values for aspartate aminotransferase (AST)/alanine transaminase (ALT), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), and GGT were 75.29%, 72.94%, and 0.826 (95% CI, 0.752 to 0.885); 94.34%, 83.02%, and 0.814 (95% CI, 0.739 to 0.875) and 80.23%, 79.25%, and 0.815 (95% CI, 0.740 to 0.876), respectively. ANI AUROC was significantly higher than the AST/ ALT, MCV, or GGT AUROCs (all p < 0.001), moreover, ANI showed better diagnostic performance. The combination of ANI and GGT showed a better AUROC than ANI alone (0.976 vs. 0.934, p = 0.016). The difference in AUROCs between AST/ALT, MCV, and GGT was not statistically significant (all p > 0.05). Conclusions: ANI can help distinguish ALD from NAFLD with high accuracy; when ANI was combined with GGT, its effectiveness improved further.

Super-resolution fluorescent materials: an insight into design and bioimaging applications

Yang, Zhigang,Sharma, Amit,Qi, Jing,Peng, Xiao,Lee, Dong Yeop,Hu, Rui,Lin, Danying,Qu, Junle,Kim, Jong Seung The Royal Society of Chemistry 2016 Chemical Society reviews Vol.45 No.17

<P>Living organisms are generally composed of complex cellular processes which persist only within their native environments. To enhance our understanding of the biological processes lying within complex milieus, various techniques have been developed. Specifically, the emergence of super-resolution microscopy has generated a renaissance in cell biology by redefining the existing dogma towards nanoscale cell dynamics, single synaptic vesicles, and other complex bioprocesses by overcoming the diffraction-imposed resolution barrier that is associated with conventional microscopy techniques. Besides the typical technical reliance on the optical framework and computational algorithm, super-resolution imaging microscopy resorts largely to fluorescent materials with special photophysical properties, including fluorescent proteins, organic fluorophores and nanomaterials. In this tutorial review article, with the emphasis on cell biology, we summarize the recent developments in fluorescent materials being utilized in various super-resolution techniques with successful integration into bio-imaging applications. Fluorescent proteins (FP) applied in super-resolution microscopy will not be covered herein as it has already been well summarized; additionally, we demonstrate the breadth of opportunities offered from a future perspective.</P>

Acetylation of Smc3 by Eco1 Is Required for S Phase Sister Chromatid Cohesion in Both Human and Yeast

Zhang, Jinglan,Shi, Xiaomin,Li, Yehua,Kim, Beom-Jun,Jia, Junling,Huang, Zhiwei,Yang, Tao,Fu, Xiaoyong,Jung, Sung Yun,Wang, Yi,Zhang, Pumin,Kim, Seong-Tae,Pan, Xuewen,Qin, Jun Elsevier 2008 Molecular cell Vol.31 No.1

<P><B>Summary</B></P><P>Sister chromatid cohesion is normally established in S phase in a process that depends on the cohesion establishment factor Eco1, a conserved acetyltransferase. However, due to the lack of known in vivo substrates, how Eco1 regulates cohesion is not understood. Here we report that yeast Eco1 and its human ortholog, ESCO1, both acetylate Smc3, a component of the cohesin complex that physically holds the sister chromatid together, at two conserved lysine residues. Mutating these lysine residues to a nonacetylatable form leads to increased loss of sister chromatid cohesion and genome instability in both yeast and human. In addition, we clarified that the acetyltransferase activity of Eco1 is essential for its function. Our study thus identified a molecular target for the acetyltransferase Eco1 and revealed that Smc3 acetylation is a conserved mechanism in regulating sister chromatid cohesion.</P>

A two-photon fluorescent probe records the intracellular pH through ‘OR’ logic operation via internal calibration

Podder, Arup,Won, Miae,Kim, Soobin,Verwilst, Peter,Maiti, Mrinmoy,Yang, Zhigang,Qu, Junle,Bhuniya, Sankarprasad,Kim, Jong Seung Elsevier 2018 Sensors and actuators. B Chemical Vol.268 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Mapping the intracellular location and concentration of hydronium ions (H<SUB>3</SUB>O<SUP>+</SUP>) and their dynamics could be a useful diagnostic tool in modern clinical science. Current needs motivated us to develop a molecular pH probe <B>1</B>, operating as a logic gate, and its analogue <B>2</B>. The pyridyl moiety in <B>1</B> played a significant role in proton capture and release, in acidic to alkaline pH environments. In contrast, <B>2</B> failed to show a similar spectroscopic behavior. <B>1</B> shows emission maximum at 450 nm that is independent on the pH, with excitation at 353 nm or 410 nm in acid and alkaline pH, respectively. <B>1</B> was employed to provide input-dependent (excitation wavelength) fluorescence images in a cellular milieu to detect pH changes in cellular organelles such as lysosomes and mitochondria. Furthermore, <B>1</B> provided information on the variation of the pH in the presence of cellular ROS. <B>1</B> was also found to enable the real-time monitoring of cell acidification due to nutrient starvation, which is closely associated with mitochondrial malfunction, fusion and mitophagy processes. We envision that in due course <B>1</B> can open up new research avenues in the diagnostic sector for validating the pH in the cellular milieu.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> This is the first example of a “OR” Logic operative two-photon probe for pH determination. </LI> <LI> Probe <B>1</B> enables the tracking of a wide pH range in cellular organelles without interference from cellular autofluorescence. </LI> <LI> This nontoxic probe can detect pH fluctuation due to ROS, such as H<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>2</SUB> and others. </LI> <LI> Probe <B>1</B> can provide dual-mode emission/cell images either by single photon or two-photon modes. Therefore, it is a unique cellular pH probe. </LI> <LI> Finally, <B>1</B> revealed pH fluctuations due to nutrient starvation, which is related to mitochondrial malfunction, fusion, and mitophagy. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>“OR” logic gated pH probe (1) detects the pH in cell organelles in the presence of ROS and under nutrient starvation conditions.</P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

Nanomaterial designing strategies related to cell lysosome and their biomedical applications: A review

Rathore, Bhowmira,Sunwoo, Kyoung,Jangili, Paramesh,Kim, Jiseon,Kim, Ji Hyeon,Huang, Meina,Xiong, Jia,Sharma, Amit,Yang, Zhigang,Qu, Junle,Kim, Jong Seung Elsevier 2019 Biomaterials Vol.211 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Lysosomes, an important organelle of eukaryotic cells, are covered with the cell membrane and contain an array of degradative enzymes. The disrupt in lysosomal functions may lead to the development of severe diseases. In nanotechnology, nanomaterials working mechanism and its biomedical output are highly dependent on the lysosomes as it plays a crucial role in intracellular transport. Several nanomaterials specifically designed for lysosome-related actions are highly advantageous in trafficking and delivering the loaded imaging/therapeutic agents. But for other applications, especially gene-based therapeutic delivery into the sub-organelles such as mitochondria and nucleus, lysosomal related degradation could be an obstacle to achieve a maximal therapeutic index. In order to understand the relationship between lysosomes and designed nanomaterials for kind of desired application in biomedical research, complete knowledge of their various designing strategies, size dependent or ligand supportive cellular uptake mechanisms, trafficking, and localizations in eukaryotic cells is highly desired. In this review, we intended to discuss various nanomaterial types that have been applied in biomedical applications based on lysosomal internalization and escape from endo/lysosomes and explored their related advantages/disadvantages. Additionally, we also deliberated nanomaterials direct translocation mechanism, their autophagic accumulation and the underlying mechanism to induced autophagy. Finally, some challenges and critical issues in current research from clinical application perspective has also been addressed. Great understanding of these factors will help in understanding and facilitating the development of safe and effective lysosomal related nanomaterial-based imaging/therapeutic systems for future applications.</P>