The ‘Last’ Friendship Exchanges between Siam and Vietnam, 1879–1882: Siam between Vietnam and France—and Beyond

Junko Koizumi 서강대학교 동아연구소 2016 TRaNS(Trans –Regional and –National Studies of Sou Vol.4 No.1

Studies of Siam’s diplomatic relations from the mid-nineteenth century have been focussed on its troubled relations with Western colonial powers, often within a bilateral framework. While highlighting issues such as territorial losses and treaty revisions, scholarly interest tends to have overlooked Siam’s relations with its neighbouring countries. Based on archival records at the National Archives of Thailand, this article aims to fill this gap by examining diplomatic exchanges between the Siamese and Vietnamese courts that took place between 1879 and 1882. In April 1879, a royal mission from the Vietnamese court bearing gifts and a royal letter from Tự Ðức to Chulalongkorn arrived in Bangkok. It was allegedly the first formal mission from the Vietnamese court in almost half a century after the two countries had come into conflict in the 1830s. By examining how Siam and Vietnam sought to maintain and manipulate ‘traditional’ interstate relations in the face of treaty arrangements that France enforced upon Vietnam, this article reveals complex issues involved in the process of negotiations, such as the questions of maintaining the equality between the two monarchies and of the ‘translation’ of the concepts of sovereignty between Thai and Sino-Vietnamese languages, and suggests the necessity to pay more attention to historical and broader regional contexts in Asia.

19세기 후반에서 20세기 초반의 시암의 중국인 “비밀 사회”

( Junko Koizumi ) 서강대학교 동아연구소 2018 東亞 硏究 Vol.37 No.2

본 논문은 19세기 후반에서 20세기 초반 시암 지역의 ‘tua hia’ 과 ‘angyi’로 불리는 중국인과 시암 당국의 대응 상황을 중국인 “비밀 사회”의 활동을 통해 논의한다. 태국 기록 보관소의 기록에 의하면 중국인에 의한 반란사건은 19세기 중반에 시작되었으며, 19세기 말에 그 빈도는 더욱 늘어났다. 1889년 방콕에서 ‘angyi’의 대규모 충돌 이후, 정부는 1897년 비밀 사회법을 통해 보다 엄격한 행정 조치를 채택하였다. 그럼에도 정부의 통제 노력은 크게 효과를 보지 못하였다. 중국인은 외국인 집단으로 분류되었고, 서구의 힘에 의한 이들의 활동은 범죄로 규정하여 벌하거나 금지하기 어려웠다. 외부 요인을 경시한 담롱 왕자의 글처럼 외국인 집단 문제의 민감도는 역사기록에도 반영되었다. This article examines the activities of Chinese “secret societies,” which were often called tua hia and angyi, in Siam and the Siamese authorities’ reactions to them from the late nineteenth to early twentieth centuries. Thai archival records reveal that incidents of revolt by the Chinese started to appear in the mid-nineteenth century, and became more frequent and widespread toward the end of the nineteenth century. After the large scale clash among angyi in Bangkok in 1889, the government started to adopt more strict administrative measures to control them, which culminated in the Secret Society Act of 1897. However, the government’s efforts to control their activities proved ineffective. Many of the members were foreign subjects and Western powers did not consider that forming such societies would be a criminal act to be punished or prohibited. Sensitivity of the issue of foreign subjects is also reflected in historiography, such as Prince Damrong’s writings, which have downplayed foreign factors.

Organ Correlation in IgG4-Related Diseases

Satomi Koizumi,Terumi Kamisawa,Sawako Kuruma,Taku Tabata,Kazuro Chiba,Susumu Iwasaki,Go Kuwata,Takashi Fujiwara,Junko Fujiwara,Takeo Arakawa,Koichi Koizumi,Kumiko Momma 대한의학회 2015 Journal of Korean medical science Vol.30 No.6

IgG4-related disease (IgG4-RD) is a potentially multiorgan disorder. In this study, clinical and serological features from 132 IgG4-RD patients were compared about organ correlations. Underlying pathologies comprised autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP) in 85 cases, IgG4-related sclerosing cholangitis (IgG4-SC) in 12, IgG4-related sialadenitis (IgG4-SIA) in 56, IgG4-related dacryoadenitis (IgG4-DAC) in 38, IgG4-related lymphadenopathy (IgG4- LYM) in 20, IgG4-related retroperitoneal fibrosis (IgG4-RF) in 19, IgG4-related kidney disease (IgG4-KD) in 6, IgG4-related pseudotumor (IgG4-PT) in 3. Sixty-five patients (49%) had multiple IgG4-RD (two affected organs in 36 patients, three in 19, four in 8, five in 1, and six in 1). Serum IgG4 levels were significantly higher with multiple lesions than with a single lesion (P < 0.001). The proportion of association with other IgG4-RD was 42% in AIP, the lowest of all IgG4-RDs. Serum IgG4 level was lower in AIP than in other IgG4-RDs. Frequently associated IgG4-RDs were SIA (25%) and DAC (12%) for AIP; AIP (75%) for IgG4-SC; DAC (57%), AIP (38%) and LYM (27%) for IgG4-SIA; AIP (26%) and LYM (26%) for IgG4-DAC; SIA (75%), DAC (50%) and AIP (45%) for IgG4-LYM; SIA (58%), AIP (42%) and LYM (32%) for IgG4-RF; AIP (100%) and SIA (67%) for IgG4-KID; and DAC (67%) and SIA (67%) for IgG4-PT. Most associated IgG4-RD lesions were diagnosed simultaneously, but IgG4-SIA and IgG4-DAC were sometimes identified before other lesions. About half of IgG4-RD patients had multiple IgG4-RD lesions, and some associations were seen between specific organs.

Original Article : Ulcerative Colitis and Immunoglobulin G4

( Go Kuwata ),( Terumi Kamisawa ),( Koichi Koizumi ),( Taku Tabata ),( Seiichi Hara ),( Sawako Kuruma ),( Takashi Fujiwara ),( Kazuro Chiba ),( Hideto Egashira ),( Junko Fujiwara ),( Takeo Arakawa ),( The Editorial Office of Gut and Liver 2014 Gut and Liver Vol.8 No.1

Background/Aims: Ulcerative colitis (UC) is sometimes associated with autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP). Infiltration of immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4)-positive plasma cells is sometimes detected in the colonic mucosa of AIP or UC patients. This study aimed to clarify the relation between UC and IgG4. Methods: Associations with UC were reviewed in 85 AIP patients. IgG4 immunostaining was performed on biopsy specimens from the colonic mucosa of 14 AIP and 32 UC patients. Results: UC was confirmed in two cases (type 1 AIP, n=1, suspected type 2 AIP, n=1). Abundant infiltration of IgG4-positive plasma cells in the colonic mucosa was detected in the case of suspected type 2 AIP with UC and two cases of type 1 AIP without colitis. Abundant infiltration of IgG4-positive plasma cells was detected in 10 UC cases (IgG4-present, 31%). Although 72% of IgG4-absent UC patients showed mild disease activity, 70% of IgG4-present patients showed moderate to severe disease activity (p<0.05). Conclusions: UC is sometimes associated with AIP, but it seems that UC is not a manifestation of IgG4-related disease. Infiltration of IgG4-positive plasma cells is sometimes detectable in the colonic mucosa of UC patients and is associated with disease activity. (Gut Liver 2014,8:29-34)

The Application of NANDA-I “Death Anxiety” in Japanese Clinical Context

Kimiyo Shimomai,Hidetoshi Furukawa,Yuko Kuroda,Kazuaki Fukuda,Mitsumi Masuda,Junko Koizumi 한국간호과학회 2015 한국간호과학회 학술대회 Vol.2015 No.10

Clinical Characteristics of Patients with Autoimmune Pancreatitis with or without Mikulicz`s Disease and Mikulicz`s Disease Alone

( Sawako Kuruma ),( Terumi Kamisawa ),( Taku Tabata ),( Seiichi Hara ),( Takashi Fujiwara ),( Go Kuwata ),( Hideto Egarashira ),( Koichi Koizumi ),( Keigo Setoguchi ),( Junko Fujiwara ),( Takeo Arakaw 대한소화기학회 2013 Gut and Liver Vol.7 No.1

Background/Aims: The objective of this study was to compare the clinical characteristics of patients with autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP) with or without Mikulicz`s disease (MD) and with MD alone. Methods: We investigated the clinical findings in 15 AIP patients with MD (group A+M), 49 AIP only patients (group A), and 14 MD only patients (group M). Results: The male-female ratio was significantly higher in group A+M (73%, p<0.05) and group A (78%, p<0.01) than group M (21%). Serum immunoglobulin G (IgG) levels were significantly higher in group A+M than in group A (p<0.01) and group M (p<0.05). Serum IgG4 levels were significantly higher in group A+M than in group A (p<0.01). Other organ involvement was observed in 73% (11/15) of patients in group A+M. The number of patients with diabetes mellitus was significantly higher in group A+M (66%, p<0.01) and group A (51%, p<0.05) than in group M (7%). All of the patients responded well to steroid therapy, but the relapse rate in group A+M (33%) was significantly higher than that in group A (3%, p<0.01). Salivary gland function was impaired in all groups compared with the control group, but the degree of dysfunction was less in group A compared with group A+M and group M. Conclusions: The relapse rate of AIP in MD patients was significantly higher than that of AIP in patients without MD. (Gut Liver 2013;7:96-99)

Original Article : Differentiating Immunoglobulin G4-Related Sclerosing Cholangitis from Hilar Cholangiocarcinoma

( Taku Tabata ),( Terumi Kamisawa ),( Seiichi Hara ),( Sawako Kuruma ),( Kazuro Chiba ),( Go Kuwata ),( Takashi Fujiwara ),( Hideto Egashira ),( Koichi Koizumi ),( Junko Fujiwara ),( Takeo Arakawa ),( 대한간학회 2013 Gut and Liver Vol.7 No.2

Background/Aims: Few studies have differentiated immunoglobulin G (IgG) 4-related sclerosing cholangitis (IgG4-SC) from hilar cholangiocarcinoma (CC). Thus, we sought to investigate useful features for differentiating IgG4-SC from hilar CC. Methods: We retrospectively compared clinical, serological, imaging, and histological features of six patients with IgG4-SC and 42 patients with hilar CC. Results: In patients with hilar CC, obstructive jaundice was more frequent (p<0.01), serum total bilirubin levels were significantly higher (p<0.05), serum CA19-9 levels were significantly higher (p<0.01), and serum duke pancreatic monoclonal antigen type 2 levels were frequently elevated (p<0.05). However, in patients with IgG4-SC, the serum IgG (p<0.05) and IgG4 (p<0.01) levels were significantly higher and frequently elevated. The pancreas was enlarged in all IgG4-SC patients but only in 17% of hilar CC patients (p<0.01). Salivary and/or lacrimal gland swelling was detected in only 50% of IgG4-SC patients (p<0.01). Endoscopic retrograde cholangiography revealed that the hilar or hepatic duct was completely obstructed in 83% of hilar CC patients (p<0.01). Lower bile duct stenosis, apart from hilar bile duct stenosis, was more frequent in IgG4-SC patients (p<0.01). Bile duct wall thickening in areas without stenosis was more frequent in IgG4-SC patients (p<0.01). Conclusions: An integrated diagnostic approach based on clinical, serological, imaging, and histological findings is necessary to differentiate IgG4-SC from hilar CC. (Gut Liver 2013;7:234-238)