Pyridineenolato and pyridineenamido complexes of zirconium, titanium and aluminum

Joung, Ui Gab,Kim, Tae Ho,Joe, Dae June,Lee, Bun Yeoul,Shin, Dong Mok,Chung, Young Keun Elsevier 2004 Polyhedron Vol.23 No.9

<P>Pyridineenolate complexes, [CH<SUB>2</SUB>C(C<SUB>5</SUB>H<SUB>4</SUB>N)O-κ<SUP>2</SUP><I>N</I>,<I>O</I>]<SUB>2</SUB>M(NR<SUB>2</SUB>)<SUB>2</SUB> (M=Zr, R=Et, <B>3</B>; M=Ti, R=Me, <B>4</B>) and pyridineenamido complexes, [ArNC(C<SUB>5</SUB>H<SUB>4</SUB>N)(CH<SUB>2</SUB>)-κ<SUP>2</SUP><I>N</I>,<I>N</I>]<SUB>2</SUB>M(NR<SUB>2</SUB>)<SUB>2</SUB> (M=Zr, Ar=1,3-Me<SUB>2</SUB>C<SUB>6</SUB>H<SUB>3</SUB>, R=Et, <B>9</B>; M=Ti, Ar=1,3-Me<SUB>2</SUB>C<SUB>6</SUB>H<SUB>3</SUB>, R=Me, <B>10</B>; M=Zr, Ar=1,3-<I>i</I>Pr<SUB>2</SUB>C<SUB>6</SUB>H<SUB>3</SUB>, R=Et, <B>11</B>) have been prepared. Addition of excess AlMe<SUB>3</SUB> to <B>3</B> or <B>4</B> and <B>11</B> results in the formation of transmetallated complexes, [CH<SUB>2</SUB>C(C<SUB>5</SUB>H<SUB>4</SUB>N)(OAlMe<SUB>3</SUB>)-κ<SUP>2</SUP><I>N</I>,<I>O</I>]AlMe<SUB>2</SUB> (<B>13</B>) and [(2,6-<I>i</I>Pr<SUB>2</SUB>C<SUB>6</SUB>H<SUB>3</SUB>)NC(C<SUB>5</SUB>H<SUB>4</SUB>N)(CH<SUB>2</SUB>)]AlMe<SUB>2</SUB> (<B>14</B>). Solid structures of <B>4, 8, 13</B> and <B>14</B> were determined by X-ray crystallography.</P><ce:figure></ce:figure> <P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>Deprotonation of 2-acetylpyridine with KH in THF afford a potassium enolate compound (<B>2</B>) which reacts with Zr(NEt<SUB>2</SUB>)<SUB>2</SUB>Cl<SUB>2</SUB>(THF)<SUB>2</SUB> and Ti(NMe<SUB>2</SUB>)<SUB>2</SUB>Cl<SUB>2</SUB> to yield [CH<SUB>2</SUB>C(C<SUB>5</SUB>H<SUB>4</SUB>N)O-κ<SUP>2</SUP><I>N</I>,<I>O</I>]<SUB>2</SUB>M(NR<SUB>2</SUB>)<SUB>2</SUB> (M=Zr, R=Et, <B>3</B>; M=Ti, R=Me, <B>4</B>) in 84% and 76% yield, respectively. Deprotonation of imines derived from 2-acetylpyridine, (2,6-Me<SUB>2</SUB>C<SUB>6</SUB>H<SUB>3</SUB>)NC(C<SUB>5</SUB>H<SUB>4</SUB>N)(CH<SUB>3</SUB>) (<B>5</B>) and (2,6-<I>i</I>Pr<SUB>2</SUB>C<SUB>6</SUB>H<SUB>3</SUB>)NC(C<SUB>5</SUB>H<SUB>4</SUB>N)(CH<SUB>3</SUB>) (<B>6</B>), affords potassium enamides, K[(2,6-Me<SUB>2</SUB>C<SUB>6</SUB>H<SUB>3</SUB>)N–C(C<SUB>5</SUB>H<SUB>4</SUB>N)(CH<SUB>2</SUB>)] (<B>7</B>) and K[(2,6-<I>i</I>Pr<SUB>2</SUB>C<SUB>6</SUB>H<SUB>3</SUB>)N-(C<SUB>5</SUB>H<SUB>4</SUB>N)(CH<SUB>2</SUB>)] (<B>8</B>). Reactions of the potassium salt <B>7</B> with Zr(NEt<SUB>2</SUB>)<SUB>2</SUB>Cl<SUB>2</SUB>(THF)<SUB>2</SUB> and Ti(NMe<SUB>2</SUB>)<SUB>2</SUB>Cl<SUB>2</SUB> afford pyridineenamido complexes, [(2,6-Me<SUB>2</SUB>C<SUB>6</SUB>H<SUB>3</SUB>)NC(C<SUB>5</SUB>H<SUB>4</SUB>N)(CH<SUB>2</SUB>)-κ<SUP>2</SUP><I>N</I>,<I>N</I>]<SUB>2</SUB>M(NR<SUB>2</SUB>)<SUB>2</SUB> (M=Zr, R=Et, <B>9</B>; M=Ti, R=Me, <B>10</B>). Reaction of <B>8</B> with Zr(NEt<SUB>2</SUB>)<SUB>2</SUB>Cl<SUB>2</SUB>(THF)<SUB>2</SUB> affords [(2,6-<I>i</I>Pr<SUB>2</SUB>C<SUB>6</SUB>H<SUB>3</SUB>)NC(C<SUB>5</SUB>H<SUB>4</SUB>N)(CH<SUB>2</SUB>)]<SUB>2</SUB>Zr(NEt<SUB>2</SUB>)<SUB>2</SUB> (<B>11</B>) but the reaction of <B>8</B> with Ti(NMe<SUB>2</SUB>)<SUB>2</SUB>Cl<SUB>2</SUB> yields [(2,6-<I>i</I>PrC<SUB>6</SUB>H<SUB>3</SUB>)NC(C<SUB>5</SUB>H<SUB>4</SUB>N)(CH<SUB>2</SUB>)]TiCl(NMe<SUB>2</SUB>)<SUB>2</SUB> (<B>12</B>). Addition of excess AlMe<SUB>3</SUB> to <B>3</B> or <B>4</B> results in transmetallation of Zr or Ti to Al to afford an aluminum enolate complex, [CH<SUB>2</SUB>C(C<SUB>5</SUB>H<SUB>4</SUB>N)(OAlMe<SUB>3</SUB>)-κ<SUP>2</SUP><I>N</I>,<I>O</I>]AlMe<SUB>2</SUB> (<B>13</B>). Addition of AlMe<SUB>3</SUB> to <B>12</B> results in the formation of a transmetallated complex, [(2,6-<I>i</I>Pr<SUB>2</SUB>C<SUB>6</SUB>H<SUB>3</SUB>)NC(C<SUB>5</SUB>H<SUB>4</SUB>N)(CH<SUB>2</SUB>)]AlMe<SUB>2</SUB> (<B>14</B>). The solid structures of <B>4, 11, 13</B> and <B>14</B> were determined by X-ray crystallography.</P>

Synthetic Pathway of Indole Acetic Acid in Azospirillum Lipoferum

이원규,이정열,강규영,조무제,Lee, Won-Kyu,Lee, Joung-Yeoul,Kang, Kyu-Young,Cho, Moo-Je 생화학분자생물학회 1988 한국생화학회지 Vol.21 No.4

Azospirillum lipoferum SK16에서 tryptophan으로부터 indole-3-acetic acid (IAA)의 생합성 경로를 규명하기 위하여 tryptophan을 첨가하여 배양한 배양액 및 초음파 파쇄한 세포추출물에서 IAA 합성 중간대사물들을 TLC 및 HPLC 로 분석한 결과 tryptophan$\rightarrow$indole-3-pyruvate$\rightarrow$indole-3-acetaldehyde${\rightarrow}$IAA의 주 생합성 경로가 확인됨과 동시에 tryptophan에서 tryptamine을 거치는 부수적인 합성경로도 있는 것으로 추정되었다. The synthetic pathway of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) from tryptophan in Azospirilium lipoferum SK16 was examined by analysis of IAA intermediates with thin layer chromatography (TLC) and high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC). Analysis of the IAA intermediates from A. lipoferum SK16 culture broth and cell extract by the TLC and HPLC have indicated that the major synthetic pathway from tryptophan to IAA is via tryptophan$\rightarrow$indole-3-pyruvate$\rightarrow$indole-3-acetaldehyde$\rightarrow$IAA. For the confirmation of the pathway, tryptophan aminotransferase, the enzyme catalyzing the first reaction from tryptophan to IAA, was examined in cell free extract and the result of the enzymatic analysis Was well coincided with the data of IAA intermediate analysis in the culture broth. Minor pathway of IAA synthesis via tryptamine was also speculated in A. lipoferum SK16.

Azospirillum lipoferum 의 Indole Acetic Acid 생합성 경로

이원규,이정열,강규영,조무제 ( Won Kyu Lee,Joung Yeoul Lee,Kyu Young Kang,Moo Je Cho ) 생화학분자생물학회 1988 BMB Reports Vol.21 No.4

The synthetic pathway of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) from tryptophan in Azospirillum lipoferum SK16 was examined by analysis of IAA intermediates with thin layer chromatography (TLC) and high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC). Analysis of the IAA intermediates from A. lipoferum SK16 culture broth and cell extract by the TLC and HPLC have indicated that the major synthetic pathway from tryptophan to IAA is via tryptophan → indole-3-pyruvate → indole-3-acetaldehyde → IAA. For the confirmation of the pathway, tryptophan aminotransferase, the enzyme catalyzing the first reaction from tryptophan to IAA, was examined in cell free extract and the result of the enzymatic analysis was well coincided with the data of IAA intermediate analysis in the culture broth. Minor pathway of IAA synthesis via tryptamine was also speculated in A. lipoferum SK16.

심한 이장열과 백혈구증가증을 동반한 원발성 간세포암 2예

장린(Rin Chang),김병호(Byung Ho Kim),장영운(Young Woon Chang),이정일(Joung Il Lee),김효종(Hyo Jong Kim),동석호(Seok Ho Dong),최태열(Tae Yeoul Choi),김재필(Jae Pil Kim) 대한소화기학회 1993 대한소화기학회지 Vol.25 No.3

Fever occurs frequently in cancer patients and is caused by tumor itself as well as infection and primary hepatocellular carcinoma is known to be no exception. Although hepatoma may usually be differentiated from liver abscess, the clinical presentations of liver abscess and hepatoma may sometimes be quite so similar that many diagnostic methods cannot make a specific diagnosis. It is important to make differential diagnosis between these two disease because early estahlishment of correct cause and appropriate treatment can save the patients from the risk of mortality. We report two cases of primary hepatocellular carcinoma presenting with high fever & leukocytosis clinically mimicking liver abscess and review mainly about the differential diagnostic methods and their importance.

COVID-19 감염병전담병원 간호사의 조직몰입에 미치는 영향요인

문수희,김민혜,김두영,류윤지,이수정,장진녕,정미열,조윤주,최효정,Moon, Su Hee,Kim, Min Hye,Kim, Doo Young,Ryu, Yoon Ji,Lee, Soo Joung,Jang, Jin Nyoung,Jung, Mi Yeoul,Cho, Yoon Ju,Choi, Hyo Jeong 한국중환자간호학회 2022 중환자간호학회지 Vol.15 No.2

Purpose : This study investigated coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) related stress, resilience, and organizational commitment, and determined the factors influencing nurses' organizational commitment at an infectious disease hospital of COVID-19. Methods : A cross-sectional descriptive survey was conducted with 138 nurses. Data analysis, including descriptive statistics, independent t-tests, one-way ANOVA, Pearson's correlations, and multiple regression analysis, were performed using SPSS 26.0 program. Results : Factors influencing organizational commitment included resilience (𝛽=0.31, p<.001), position (𝛽=0.31, p<.001), COVID-19 related stress (𝛽=-0.26, p<.001), and COVID-19 nursing period (𝛽=-0.19, p=.012). These variables explained 29.6% of the organizational commitment. Conclusion : In order to enhance the organizational commitment of nurses in infectious disease hospitals of COVID-19, active program development and intervention are required at the organizational level to improve nurses' resilience and relieve stress related to nursing infectious disease patients..