배추 시스테인 단백질 분해 효소 억제 유전자 BCPI-1의 발현과 종자 발아 및 유묘 생장과의 연관성

홍준기,이은영,김정률,양경애,최영주,정우식,김호일,윤대진,이상열,조무제,임체오 Plant molecular biology and biotechnology research 2003 Plant molecular biology and biotechnology research Vol.2003 No.-

Phytocystatins are protein inhibitors of cysteine proteinases of the papain family that have been identified in both monocot and dicot plants. A cDNA encoding a phytocystatin, BCPI-1 (Brassica Cysteine Proteinase Inhibitor-1) has been isolated from Chinese cabbage (Brassica campestris L. ssp. pekinensis) flower buds. Here, we tested whether BCPI-1 transcription is regulated by hormones, and could be involved in regulating cysteine proteinases during and after germination. BCPI-1 was sensitive to exogenous GA_(3) and ABA, which are important factors controlling seed germination, suggesting that the expression of BCPI-1 is hormonally regulated. We introduced a recombinant plasmid containing the full-length BCPI-1 cDNA under the control of cauliflower mosaic virus 35S promoter into rice embryogenic calli using the particle delivery method, and regenerated a number of transgenic rice plants. Constitutively over-expressed BCPI-1 caused changes in overall plant growth and development, including reduced germination and seedling growth. These data support the role of the BCPI-1 in the regulation of endogenous proteinases during both seed germination and subsequent seedling development. Phylocystatins은 papain계열의 cysteine 단백질 분해 효소 활성을 특이적으로 억제하는 억제자로 다양한 식물 종으로부터 분리되었다. 본고에서는, 배추 화아 cDNA library로부터 분리된 phytocystatin인 BCPI-1(Brassica Cysteine Proteinase Inhibitor-1)의 생체 내 기능에 대해 연구하였다. 먼저, BCPI-1 전사체는 발아 조절에 중요한 영향을 미치는 GA₃와 ABA에 의해 예민하게 증가, 혹은 감소되는 반응을 보임으로써, BCPI-1이 식물 호르몬의 영향을 받으며, 특히 발아나 유묘의 생장 조절에 관련이 있음을 알 수 있었다. Particle bombardment 방법을 통하여 BCPI-1을 벼의 배 형성 세포 내에 도입, 재분화 시켜 형질 전환 벼를 생성하였다. CaMV 35S promoter의 조절에 의해 지속적인 BCPI-1 발현을 보이는 형질 전환 벼의 경우, 발아와 유묘 생장이 현저히 지연되었다. 위의 결과들을 바탕으로, BCPI-1이 식물체 내에서 생성되는 cysteine 계열의 단밸질 분해 효소 활성을 조절하여 종자의 발아와 유묘의 생장에 영향을 미치는 것으로 추측한다.

답손(Dapsone)중독환자의 예후와 특성 분석

장석준,정성필,김승환,구홍두,심호식 대한응급의학회 1995 대한응급의학회지 Vol.6 No.1

We reviewed 26 dapsone intoxication patients who had visited Severance Hospital Emergency Care Center from January 1991 to January 1995 : 13 of them ingested intentionally, but the other ingested accidentally. Among the admitted patients the highest and lowtheest initial value of methemoglobin level is 59.6% & 10.1%. The frequency of symptoms at presentation was following 16 patients complained cyanosis of lip area, 10 patients complained dyspnea, 4 patients complained mental change, 4 patients complained vomiting, 2 patients complained nausea. The inital level of methemoglobin was less than 50% except in one patient. In the view points of total doses of methylene blue used, less than 100mg was used in 9 patients(34.6%) but in one case, amount of 6400mg was loaded. There were 5 patients(19.2%) in September & 4 patients (15.4%) in January. In respect of result, there were 13 discharged cases (50%) for symptom improvement, and 5 mortality cases(19.2%). The transferred cases from Gangwondo account 19 patients(73.1%). All of them is not directly emergency care center visiting patients but transferred patients from remotely located hospitals. Dapsone intoxication results in severe tissue hypoxic symptoms from malfunction of normal hemoglobin thus only with appropriate available doses of methylene blue & activated charcoal, good outcomes will be expected. If aggressive therapy such as hemodialysis is introduced in treatment of severe dapsone intoxication, the outcomes may be slightly improved better than in other supportive care cases.

AIC를 이용한 건습일 계열에 대한 Markov 연쇄의 차수추정

이재준,이정식,김홍태 金烏工科大學校 1993 論文集 Vol.14 No.-

This paper describes admissible hypothesis tests for Markov order, the tests being defined on certain conditioned variables. Using the method of Akaike's information criterion(AIC) which is essentially based on an extension of the maximum likelihood principle, we represent a critical discussion on the determination of the order of an ergodic markov chin with a finite number of states. This method is applied to sequences of wet and dry days observed at 7 stations in Han, Geum, and Seomjin river basin. The results obtained have practical implications concerning whether, in the routine fitting of precipitation data, it is necessary to consider higher than first-order Markov chains.

제6차 교육과정에 의한 중학교 과학 교과서의 비교 분석 연구 : 중학교 1학년 과학 교과서를 중심으로 On the First Year of Middle School

오제직,홍춘표,김준식 공주대학교 사범대학 과학교육연구소 1996 과학교육연구 Vol.27 No.1

The purpose of this paper is to give basic data which could be used for re-construction textbooks according to real situation of school in teaching, and could help to write new textbooks. For this study, five kinds of Science textbooks Ⅰ on the 5th curriculum and eight kinds of science textbooks Ⅰ on the 6th curriculum were selected as an analytical material. The methods of study are as follows; We analyzed and compared respectively with Githic type, Figure, Table, Research, Question, Experiment, Observation, Exercise and so forth in eight kinds of Sience textbooks Ⅰ and in average values of five kinds of textbook on the 5th curriculum. 1. The kinds of the Science textbook based on the 6th curriculum and 5th curriculum were respectively 8 and 5. 2. The quantity of new textbooks were much the same as the old textbooks, except for C and H textbooks. 3. It was found out that new textbooks decreased more than old textbooks in number of page of theory and explanation. 4. The number of Gothic type term was showed more Chapter Ⅰ and Ⅱthan other chapter in old and new science textbooks. 5. Figure and Table have intrinsic character-respectively. 6. The number of Study and Figure were unchanged as compared with old textbooks. but its of Table were decreased. 7. The number of Question was also unchanged, but it had almost subjective. 8. The kinds and numbers of experiments were increased as compared with old textbooks, and they had instinctive character respectively. From these analytical results of new science textbooks, we, that is, science teachers should select science textbook well and we should supply a thing of insufficiecy on science textbook in teaching.

응급의료센터 과밀화 해소를 위한 환자 전원

이경룡,구홍두,박인철,김승환,장석준,심호식 대한응급의학회 1995 대한응급의학회지 Vol.6 No.2

To reduce the degree of overcrowding in level Ⅲ emergency care centers, authors have conducted a prospective study of patient who were transferred to level Ⅰ or Ⅲemergency center based on the non-emergent patient guideline currently used at the severance Hospital, level Ⅲ emergency center, during the period of 65 days from Jan. 1st 1995 to Mar. 6th 1995. Followings are guideline for non-emergent patient described by the Korean government low: 1) systolic blood pressure greater than 80/100 of normal. 2) respiration rate between 10 to 24 per minute. 3) pulse rate between 60 to 100 per minute. 4) body temperature between 36 to 37.5℃ by rectal. 5) relatively alert mental status. 6) patient not requiring emergency operation at the time of examination. The results were as follows: 1. Among the total 5,301 patients, 464 patients ranged from age of 1 to 82 years old were transferred to level Ⅰor Ⅱ emergency center after simple treatment. 2. Among the 464 patients, 276 patients were treated in expected hospital with medical problems in 101 (36.6%) patients, and 175 (63.4%) patients had surgical problems. 3. Among the 276 patients, 122 (44.2%) patients were admitted, 145 (52.9%) patients were discharged from the emergency room after adequate treatment. 4. Among the transferred patients, simple laceration (33.0%) were most common, acute gastroenteritis (12.0%), and simple contusion (10.5%) were followed. These results suggest that about 10% of patients visiting level Ⅲ emergency care center, can be safely transferred to nearest level Ⅰor Ⅱ emergency centers on the bases of non-emergent patient guideline described by Emergency Medical Service law. These guideline, if put into proper use, can reduce the degree of overcrowding problems in level Ⅲ emergency care center through out the country.

항파상풍 톡소이드 주사후 항파상풍 항체 역가

이한식,하영록,구홍두,장석준,심호식,김승환,이정운 대한응급의학회 1996 대한응급의학회지 Vol.7 No.2

Objective : Tetanus decreased in prevalence since the systemic vaccination began in 1940s. Despite of the improvement in treatment like critical care with ventilatior or antibiotics, the mortality rate resides around 45%. Currently the tetanus prevention protocol recommends immunization in infancy and boosters every tenth years. Thereafter the immunization with toxoid only or toxoid plus immunoglobulin injections is recommended according to the type of injury. In most of ED in Korea, only tetanus immunoglobulin is given without any basis. Previously we proved the effect that passive immunization with the immunoglubulin 250 IU last long for only a month. At this time we measured the effect of the active immunization with toxoid and its effect was compared to the effect of the tetanus immunoglobulin to find out the logical tetanus prevention after an injury. Method: 20 healthy adult volunteers were injected with tetanus toxoid and their anti-tetanus antibody titers measured before the injection, 1 week and 4 weeks after the inection. No volunteers have taken any medication for chronic illness(e.g. hepatits, tuberculosis) or had an tetanus immunization or booster in the last 6 months. Antibody titers were measured by IMMUNOZYM??-TETANUS and t-test was performed on the results, Results: 1. Total 20 volunteers(12 males and 8 females) were participated. 2. Subjects` ages were 21 to 44 years old and there were no relevance to the antibody titer. 3. The antibody titers of before the anti-tetanus toxoid injection and 1 week, 4 weeks after the injection revealed significant difference and the antibody titers of the first and the forth week after the injection also showed a significant difference. Conclusion: Currently in Korea, the tetenus immunoglobulin 250 IU given alone as tetanus prevention was injected, but it did not elevate the anti-tetanus antibody titer for 4 weeks where as tetanus toxoid injected intramuscularly did significantly. Therefore, tetanus toxoid should be given on the dirty injuries with additional tetanus immunoglobulin injection to accomplish the correct method of tetanus, tetanus toxoid prevention.

Poster Session : PS 0031 ; Cardiology : Different Impact of Stress Hyperglycemia Defi ned by Random or Fasting Blood Glucose in Non-Diabetic Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction Who Undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention

( Joon Ho AHN ),( Min Chul KIM ),( Jae Yeong CHO ),( Hae Chang JEONG ),( Ki Hong LEE ),( Keun Ho PARK ),( Doo Sun SIM ),( Nam Sik YOON ),( Hyun Joo YOON ),( Kye Hun KIM ),( Young Joon HONG ),( Hyung W 대한내과학회 2014 대한내과학회 추계학술대회 Vol.2014 No.1

Background: There is limited data which compared clinical outcomes of stress hyperglycemia (SH) defi ned by random glucose (RG) and fasting blood glucose (FBG). Methods: A total of 1364 non-diabetic patients whose HbA1c <6.5% in the COREAAMI (The COnvergent REgistry of cAtholic and chonnAm university for Acute MI) registry were analyzed. All enrolled patients received PCI and were divided into two groups by initial glucose level for each RG and FBG: SH and normoglycemia group (188 [RG = 180 mg/dl] and 1176 patients [RG < 180 mg/dl] by RG; and 720 [FBG = 126 mg] and 644 patients [FBG < 126 mg/dl] by FBG). The primary outcome was all-cause mortality, and we also investigated the incidence of cardiac death, nonfatal MI, any revascularization and stroke during 4 years after AMI. Results: A total of 648 patients (47.5%) were checked FBG after PCI, and remained 716 patients checked FBG before PCI. When SH was defi ned by RG, in-hospital mortality (0.7% vs. 2.7%, p=0.024), all-cause mortality (hazard ratio [HR] 1.83, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.33-2.52, p <0.001) and cardiac mortality (HR 2.72, 95% CI 1.75-4.22, p <0.001) were higher in SH group. However, there were no signifi cant differences in in-hospital mortality (0.6% vs. 1.3%, p=0.274), all-cause mortality (HR 1.21, 95% CI 0.93-1.58, p=0.160) and cardiac mortality (HR 1.32, 95% CI 0.88-1.99, p=0.175) between SH and normoglycemia group when SH was defi ned by FBG. The incidences of nonfatal MI, any revascularization and stroke were not signifi cantly different between the groups by both RG and FBG defi nition. Conclusions: SH was associated with higher mortality compared to patients with normoglycemia in non-diabetic AMI patients when only defi ned by RG, not FBG.

Relation between Anemia and Vulnerable Coronary Plaque Components in Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome: Virtual Histology-Intravascular Ultrasound Analysis

Hong, Young Joon,Jeong, Myung Ho,Choi, Yun Ha,Song, Jin A,Kim, Dong Han,Lee, Ki Hong,Yamanaka, Futoshi,Lee, Min Goo,Park, Keun Ho,Sim, Doo Sun,Yoon, Nam Sik,Yoon, Hyun Ju,Kim, Kye Hun,Park, Hyung Wook The Korean Academy of Medical Sciences 2012 JOURNAL OF KOREAN MEDICAL SCIENCE Vol.27 No.4

<P>The aim of the present study was to evaluate the plaque components and the predictors of thin-cap fibroatheroma (TCFA) in anemic patients with acute coronary syndrome using virtual histology-intravascular ultrasound (VH-IVUS). Anemia was defined according to criteria of the World Health Organization, (i.e. , hemoglobin levels < 13 g/dL in men and < 12 g/dL in women) and we compared VH-IVUS findings between anemia group (171 patients, 260 lesions) and non-anemia group (569 patients, 881 lesions). Anemia group had greater % necrotic core (NC) volume (21% ± 9% vs 19% ± 9%, <I>P</I> = 0.001) compared with non-anemia group. Hemoglobin level correlated negatively with absolute NC volume (<I>r</I> = -0.235, <I>P</I> < 0.001) and %NC volume (<I>r</I> = -0.209, <I>P</I> < 0.001). Independent predictors of TCFA by multivariate analysis were diabetes mellitus (odds ratio [OR], 2.213; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.403-3.612, <I>P</I> = 0.006), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (OR, 1.143; 95% CI, 1.058-1.304, <I>P</I> = 0.012), microalbuminuria (albumin levels of 30 to 300 mg/g of creatinine) (OR, 2.124; 95% CI, 1.041-3.214, <I>P</I> = 0.018), and anemia (OR: 2.112; 95% CI 1.022-3.208, <I>P</I> = 0.028). VH-IVUS analysis demonstrates that anemia at the time of clinical presentation is associated with vulnerable plaque component in patients with acute coronary syndrome.</P>

2022 Update of the Korean Clinical Practice Guidelines for Stroke: Antithrombotic Therapy for Patients with Acute Ischemic Stroke or Transient Ischemic Attack

Hong-Kyun Park,Sang-Bae Ko,정근화,Min Uk Jang,Dae Hyun Kim,Joon-Tae Kim,Jay Chol Choi,정혜선,김철호,허지회,Joung-Ho Rha,Sun U. Kwon,Jong S. Kim,Byung-Chul Lee,Hee-Joon Bae,Byung-Woo Yoon,Keun-Sik Hong 대한뇌졸중학회 2022 Journal of stroke Vol.24 No.1

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IMPACT OF DIABETES MELLITUS ON PLAQUE VULNERABILITY AND CLINICAL OUTCOME IN PATIENTS WITH ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION WITH PLAQUE RUPTURE

Hong, Young Joon,Jeong, Myung Ho,Kim, Dong Han,Lee, Ki Hong,Lee, Min Goo,Park, Keun Ho,Sim, Doo Sun,Lee, Sang Hyun,Kim, Han Gyun,Yoon, Nam Sik,Yoon, Hyun Ju,Kim, Kye Hun,Park, Hyung Wook,Kim, Ju Han,A Elsevier 2012 JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CARDIOLOGY - Vol.59 No.13