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상용분말로 제조된 Ce_(0.8)Gd_(0.2)O(2-δ)세라믹스의 소결성에 미치는 Ga₂O₃의 첨가효과
최광훈,이주신 경성대학교 공학기술연구소 2003 공학기술연구지 Vol.10 No.-
The effects of Ga₂0₃ additions on sintering behavior of Ce_(0.8)Gd_(0.2)O_(2-δ) ceramics were investigated by the use of commercial powders. Sintered density was the highest at the specimen containing 0.5 mol% Ga₂0₃. Grain size was the largest at the specimen containing 0.5 mol% Ga₂0₃ also. Up to 3 mol% Ga₂0₃ addition, the sintered density of the specimens containing Ga₂0₃ was higher than that of pure specimen. Over 3 mol% Ga₂0₃ addition, grain size was decreased by a pinning effect of Gd₃Ga_(5)Oi₂ precipitation. Ga₂0₃ addition in Gd₂0₃-doped CeO₂ promoted the grain growth, and it brought the increase in density. It is suggested that Ga₂0₃ addition has an affirmative effect on the sintering behavior of Ce_(0.8)Gd_(0.2)O_(2-δ) ceramics prepared by commerical powders.
C-반응성단백과 가장 관련 있는 대사증후군 대사이상 항목
손중천,김범택,이득주,최현국,정현주,김광민 대한비만학회 2003 The Korean journal of obesity Vol.12 No.1
연구배경: C-반응성단백 (이하 CRP)은 심혈관질환의 예후인자 및 독립적 위험인자이다. 대사증후군은 복부비만, 고혈압. 당대사이상 및, 지질대사이상과 같은 관상동맥질환 위험인자들이 동시에 나타나는 증후군을 말한다. 저자들은 18세 이상의 성인 남녀에서 CRP와 대사증후군 대사이상 항목과의 상관관계를 연구하였다. 방법: 2002년 4월부터 10월까지 일개 대학병원 건강증진센터에 내원한 수진자 2772명 중 염증성질환이 의심되는 577명을 제외한 총 2195명을 대상으로 하였다. 신체계측과 혈압측정, 혈액검사를 실시하였다. 통계적 분석은 남녀를 구분하여 대사증루군의 대사이상 항목의 군집성에 따른 CRP값에 대해 ANOVA 검정을 시행하였고, 각 대사이상 항목들과 연령을 독립변수로 하여 회귀분석을 실시하였다. 결과: CRP는 남성에서 0.10 (±0.004) mg/dL, 여성에서 0.08 (±0.003) mg/dL로 남성이 여성보다 유의하게 높았다(p<0.001). 남녀 모두에서 CRP가 대사증후군 군에서 대사증후군이 없는 군보다 유의하게 높았다. 대사증후군의 대사이상 항목 수가 증가할수록 CRP값이 증가하는 양상을 보였다(P for trend<0.001). 남녀 모두에서 허리둘레 (남성 R²=0.132, 여성 R²=0.166)가 가장 높은 설명력을 보였다. 결론: 18세 이상의 성인 남녀 모두에서 CRP는 대사증후군 대사이상 항목들과 유의한 상관관계를 보였다. 대사이상 항목중 허리둘레가 CRP 수치와 상관관계가 가장 높았다 Background: C-reactive protein has been known as an independent risk factor and prognostic factor for cardiovascular diseases. Metabolic syndrome is a sum of coronary risk factors such as abdominal obesity, elevated blood pressure, hypertension, glucose intolerance and abnormalities in lipid level. The previous studies showed limited relationships between CRP and the risk factors in metabolic syndrome. We investigated the relationships between CRP and the risk factors in metabolic syndrome in adult men and women over 18 years old. Methods: This study included 2772 people. 577 people of them found to have inflammatory disease excluded. The anthropometry and blood pressure were measured. High sensitive CRP, Lipid profiles, WBC, and ESR were assessed. Results: CRP in Men (0.10 (±0.004) mg/dL) was significantly higher than that in women (0.08 (±0.003) mg/dL)(P<0.001). In both genders, CRP was significantly higher in people who have metabolic syndrome than in people who don't. As the number of risk factors increased, CRP was significantly increased (P for trend < 0.001). Waist circumference showed the greatest correlation with CRP in men and women (men; R²=0.132, women; R²=0.166) Conclusion: CRP was correlated with risk factors in metabolic syndrome in men and women over 18 years old. Of the risk factors waist circumference was most correlated with CRP.
( Joo Young Lee ),( Wan Suk Lee ),( Min Kyu Jung ),( Seong Woo Jeon ),( Chang Min Cho ),( Won Young Tak ),( Young Oh Kweon ),( Sung Kook Kim ),( Yong Hwan Choi ),( Jong Gwang Kim ),( Sang Kyun Sohn ) The Editorial Office of Gut and Liver 2007 Gut and Liver Vol.1 No.2
We report a rare case of granulocytic sarcoma infiltrating the bile duct in a patient with acute myeloid leukemia. A 23-year-old man presented with jaundice and weight loss. A peripheral blood smear revealed blast cells, and the results of an examination of bone marrow aspirate were consistent with acute myeloid leukemia. The bilirubin level increased gradually after induction chemotherapy with cytarabine. Magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) revealed dilatation of the intrahepatic bile ducts and smooth tapering off at the level of the common hepatic bile duct. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) also revealed diffuse narrowing of the proximal common hepatic bile duct. Obstructive jaundice resolved after endoscopic nasobiliary drainage. Remission induction chemotherapy with cytarabine and idarubicin was administered, and the patient remained complete hematological remission with normal liver function tests. (Gut and Liver 2007;1:182-185)
Joo, Young-Don,Lee, Sun-Mi,Lee, Soo-Woong,Lee, Won-Sik,Lee, Sang-Min,Park, Ji-Kyoung,Choi, Il-Whan,Park, Sae-Gwang,Choi, Inhak,Seo, Su-Kil Blackwell Publishing Ltd 2009 Immunology Vol.128 No.1
<P>Summary</P><P>Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF)-mobilized donor graft tissue used for peripheral blood stem cell transplantation contains a large number of immature myeloid cells that suppress alloreactive donor T cells, resulting in an inhibition of acute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). However, the molecular mechanism underlying the suppressive function of immature myeloid cells is not fully understood. Here, we investigated whether indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) is related to the suppressive mechanism of G-CSF-induced immature myeloid cells (gMCs). We found that Gr-1<SUP>+</SUP> CD11b<SUP>+</SUP> cells were highly induced in G-CSF-injected donor graft tissue, which is a phenotype of immature myeloid cells, resulting in an inhibition of acute GVHD lethality by suppressing alloreactive donor T-cell expansion. IDO was not detected in primary isolated gMCs; however, this enzyme was markedly induced after treatment with interferon-&ggr; (IFN-&ggr;). This level was significantly higher in IFN-&ggr;-treated gMCs than in bone marrow myeloid cells, which promote alloreactive T-cell responses. We next investigated the functional role of IDO in gMC-mediated inhibition of acute GVHD lethality. We found no changes in gMC-mediated survival or alloreactive donor T-cell suppression when IDO activity was blocked using 1-methyl tryptophan. In addition, there was no difference in gMC-mediated survival rates between recipients transferred with either wild-type gMCs or IDO<SUP>−/−</SUP> gMCs. Taken together, our data suggest that gMC-mediated inhibition of lethal acute GVHD is through an IDO-independent mechanism.</P>
Uncertainty evaluation of a broadband attenuation standard
Lee, Joo-Gwang,Kim, Jeong-Hwan,Park, Jeong-Il,Kang, Ung-Taeg IEEE 2005 IEEE transactions on instrumentation and measureme Vol.54 No.2
A standard step attenuator has been developed. It comprises a build-up chain of ten steps of power ratio measurement and operates in a frequency range of 10 MHz to 18 GHz. The overall system has a dynamic range of 90 dB and an expanded uncertainty of 0.006 dB (k=2). The system is used as an attenuation standard in a series radio-frequency substitution scheme. The uncertainty factors in the attenuation measurement of 40 dB at 5 GHz are fully described. For the calibration of a typical step attenuator, the expanded uncertainties are 0.011 dB for the attenuation range up to 80 dB, including the mismatch uncertainty.
Novel attenuation standards at microwave frequencies and evaluation of their uncertainty
Lee, Joo-Gwang,Kim, Jeong-Hwan,Kang, Jin-Seob,Kang, Tae-Weon IOP Pub 2007 Measurement Science and Technology Vol.18 No.7
<P>We have developed two coaxial-type microwave attenuation standards using the power ratio transfer method. One standard operates in the frequency range of 18 GHz to 26.5 GHz, and has a dynamic range of 80 dB. Its expanded uncertainty (<I>k</I> = 2) is estimated to be 0.01 dB/80 dB. The other operates in the frequency range of 26.5 GHz to 40 GHz, and has a dynamic range of 60 dB and an expanded uncertainty of 0.009 dB/60 dB. We present an example for calibration of a 40 dB step attenuator using the attenuation standard in a series radio-frequency substitution scheme. The expanded uncertainty (<I>k</I> = 2) is 0.01 dB including the mismatch uncertainty.</P>
( Gwang Ha Kim ),( Hang Lak Lee ),( Moon Kyung Joo ),( Hong Jun Park ),( Sung Woo Jung ),( Ok-jae Lee ),( Hyungkil Kim ),( Hoon Jai Chun ),( Soo Teik Lee ),( Ji Won Kim ),( Han Ho Jeon ),( Il-kwun Chu 대한간학회 2021 Gut and Liver Vol.15 No.6
Background/Aims: The mucoprotective drug rebamipide is used to treat gastritis and peptic ulcers. We compared the efficacy of Mucosta<sup>Ⓡ</sup> (rebamipide 100 mg) and its new formulation, AD-203 (rebamipide 150 mg), in treating erosive gastritis. Methods: This double-blind, active control, noninferiority, multicenter, phase 3 clinical trial randomly assigned 475 patients with endoscopically proven erosive gastritis to two groups: AD-203 twice daily or Mucosta<sup>Ⓡ</sup> thrice daily for 2 weeks. The intention-to-treat (ITT) analysis included 454 patients (AD-203, n=229; Mucosta<sup>Ⓡ</sup>, n=225), and the per-protocol (PP) analysis included 439 patients (AD-203, n=224; Mucosta<sup>Ⓡ</sup>, n=215). The posttreatment assessments included the primary (erosion improvement rate) and secondary endpoints (erosion and edema cure rates; improvement rates of redness, hemorrhage, and gastrointestinal symptoms). Drug-related adverse events were evaluated. Results: According to the ITT analysis, the erosion improvement rates (posttreatment) in AD-203-treated and Mucosta<sup>Ⓡ</sup>-treated patients were 39.7% and 43.8%, respectively. According to the PP analysis, the erosion improvement rates (posttreatment) in AD-203-treated and Mucosta<sup>Ⓡ</sup>-treated patients were 39.3% and 43.7%, respectively. The one-sided 97.5% lower limit for the improvement rate difference between the study groups was -4.01% (95% confidence interval [CI], -13.09% to 5.06%) in the ITT analysis and -4.44% (95% CI, -13.65% to 4.78%) in the PP analysis. The groups did not significantly differ in the secondary endpoints in either analysis. Twenty-four AD-203-treated and 20 Mucosta<sup>Ⓡ</sup>-treated patients reported adverse events but no serious adverse drug reactions; both groups presented similar adverse event rates. Conclusions: The new formulation of rebamipide 150 mg (AD-203) twice daily was not inferior to rebamipide 100 mg (Mucosta<sup>Ⓡ</sup>) thrice daily. Both formulations showed a similar efficacy in treating erosive gastritis. (Gut Liver 2021;15:841-850)
전자 현미경상 Epinephrine 과립이 관찰된 Zuckerkandl 기관에 발생한 Norepinephrine 분비성 갈색세포종 1예
이원석,김의숙,이강룡,이정아,장지정,선우인철,김대하,이광섭,백영주 대한내분비학회 1996 Endocrinology and metabolism Vol.11 No.2
Extraadrenal pheochromocytomas developed from the paraganglia other than adrenal medulla are uncommon tumors. Such lesions have been reported that as much as 10% of retroperitoneal paragliomas arise outside the adrenal gland. But their incidence and prognosis are changing partly as a result of progression in developmental mechanism, diagnostic tools and concepts including ultrastructure, immunohistochemistry. The ultrastructure of chromaffine neoplasm from adrenal and extraadrenal tissues has been studied with chrornaffine granule specificity and type of catecholamine content. With rare exceptions, extraadrenal chrornaffine tumor mainly has high concentration of norepinephrine which is suggested as dict relationship to numoruos electrone dense granular bodies in the cell cytoplasrm. High or intermediate level of epinephrine in tissue is associated with cytoplasmic granular bodies of much less density. Recently we experienced the exception, a case of norepinephrine secreting pheochrom-ocytoma in the organ of Zuckerkandl with epinephrine granules in cytoplasm and this discrepancy probably due to the plasticity - the differences in developmental process and local factors between adrenal medulla and extraadrenal tissues(J Kor Soc Endocrinol 11:233 ~239, 1996).