Long second toe: its nail and skin changes

( Geun-hwi Park ),( Woo-il Kim ),( Min-young Yang ),( Won-ku Lee ),( Tae-wook Kim ),( Sung-min Park ),( Hyun-joo Lee ),( Gun-wook Kim ),( Hoon-soo Kim ),( Hyun-chang Ko ),( Byung-soo Kim ),( Moon-bum 대한피부과학회 2018 대한피부과학회 학술발표대회집 Vol.70 No.2

Background: Nail can be affected by trauma, infection, and systematic disorders. In particular, the toe nails are exposed to the repeated and cumulative minor traumas, which usually result in thickened, splitted, and discolorated nails. Considering these, it can be inferred that the long second toe can be related to various nail and skin changes by repeated minor traumas such as friction in shoes, but the study or report on this topic hasn’t been done yet. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to introduce various nail and skin changes on long second toe. Methods: We analyzed the kinds of nail/skin changes of 50 patients with long second toe, enrolled at Pusan National University Hospitals (Busan and Yangsan) from 2013 to 2018. Results: There was no significant difference in the incidence of left and right toe and toenail, and 7 (14%) patients presented bilateral distribution. The most common nail change on long second toe was melanonychia (23, 46%), followed by subungual hematoma (15, 30%), onycholysis (2, 4%), subungual hyperkeratosis (2, 4%), onychomadesis (1, 2%), and retronychia (1, 2%). The most common skin change was corn (9, 18%), followed by paronychia (2, 4%). Twenty (20/50, 40%) patients also had other toe or toenail changes. Among them, the most common site was big toe/nail (13, 62%), and the most common change was subungual hematoma (8, 42%). Conclusion: Through this study, the dermatologists can recognize and diagnose the nail and skin changes of long second toe.

십이지장 결핵 2예의 내시경적 고찰

장린,박충기,민영일,장영운,우정택,방익수,최학림,장주희 대한소화기내시경학회 1985 Clinical Endoscopy Vol.5 No.1

Today, the duodenal tuberculosis is a very rare disease. Final diagnosis of duodenal tuberculosis is difficult due to inconsistent symptoms and nonspecific duodenal lesions. We found 2 cases of duodenal tuberculosis by gastrascopy. In gastroscopic findings, there were undetermined ulcers and irregular nodular mucosal changes.

미세 전기기계 시스템용 알루미늄 박막의 탄성계수 및 항복강도 평가

주영창,손동일,관동일 대한금속재료학회(대한금속학회) 2001 대한금속·재료학회지 Vol.39 No.3

Nowadays, the aluminum films have wide application in micromechanical devices such as micro sensors and actuators, so that their mechanical properties come to be very important for reliability evaluation. However, there is no standardized method to evaluate the mechanical properties of material used in MEMS (micraelectromechanical system) device since the measured mechanical properties are influenced by many factors such as surface condition, friction force, etc. Hence, we intended to evaluate the mechanical properties of thin film in our study, which is important in mechanical operation. Because MEMS devices are usually operating in elastic range, the Young's modules and yield strength were evaluated by using microcantilever beam technique. First, Al cantilever beams were fabricated using the silicon bulk micromachining technology to have various film thickness. And then, the load-displacement curve was obtained by nanoindentation method. The linear relation in elastic range was utilized in deriving the Young's modulus of Al film, which gives us reproducible result regardless of film thickness. In high load range, the deviation from the linear relation was detected, so that the yield strength of Al film could be evaluated. It is found that the yield strength increases with decreasing film thickness. By applying the misfit dislocation theory and the Hall-Petch relation, the theoretical estimation could predict well the trend of yield strength.

A Structural Analysis on the Leaflet Motion Induced by the Blood Flow for Design of a Bileaflet Mechanical Heart Valve Prosthesis

Young Joo Kwon,Chang Nyung Kim,Jae Won Lee 대한기계학회 2003 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.17 No.9

This paper presents a structural analysis on the rigid and deformed motion of the leaflet induced by the blood flow required in the design of a bileaflet mechanical heart valve (MHV)<br/> prosthesis. In the study on the design and the mechanical characteristics of a bileaflet mechanical heart valve, the fluid mechanics analysis on the blood flow passing through leaflets, the kinetodynamics analysis on the rigid body motion of the leaflet induced by the pulsatile blood flow, and the structural mechanics analysis on the deformed motion of the leaflet are required sequentially and simultaneously. Fluid forces computed in the previous hemodynamics analysis on the blood tlow are used in the kinetodynamics analysis on the rigid body motion of the leaflet. Thereafter, the structural mechanics analysis on the deformed motion of the leaflet follows to predict the structural strength variation of the leaflet as the leaflet thickness changes. Analysis results show that structural deformations and stresses increase as the fluid pressure increases and the leaflet thickness decreases. Analysis results also show that the leaflet becomes structurally weaker and weaker as the leaflet thickness becomes smaller than 0.6 mm.

확대행렬의 고유치감도를 이용한 미소신호안정도 해석

문채주,장영학,심관식 木浦大學校 工業技術硏究所 1998 工業技術硏究誌 Vol.8 No.-

New eigen-sensitivity theories of the augmented matrix are applied to small signal stability analysis of EPRI one-machine infinite-bus system and New England 10-machine 39-bus test system. First and second order eigenvalue sensitivities are computed for changes of the parameters of line reactance and controllers including exciter, turbine/governor and PSS. It is found in many cases that since eigenvalue trajectories for parameter changes are nonlinear and first order estimate is not adequate for relatively large variation in parameters. Hence second order estimate is essential to guarantee accuracy for wide range of parameter changes.

개에서 동소성 간이식술시의 대사 및 혈역학적 변화

이창준,홍순용,신근만,최영룡,이영주,문종선 대한마취과학회 1993 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.26 No.3

Skilled and experienced anestheia is of great importance for patients undergoing orthotopic liver transplantation, because of multiple preexisting medical problems in such patients as well as the intraoperative problems of rapid hemodynamic, metabolic, and coagulation changes. In this study, the intraoperative hemodynamic and laboratory data were analyzed in ten dogs that underwent an orthotopic liver transplantation procedure by veno-venous bypass using Biopump. Liver transplantation can be divided into three distinct periods: stage I, or preanhepatic stage, which begins with the induction of anesthesia and continues until cross clamping of portal vein and IVC; stage II, or anhepatic stage, which begins at the anhepatic time and continues until the donor liver is reperfused by the recipients circulating blood; and stage III, or postanhepatic stage, which begins at the time of reperfusion and continues until the end of surgical procedure. The hemodynamic changes at the time of IVC and portal vein cross clamping were decreases in CVP, PCWP, and pulmonary artery pressure in spite of using Biopump. The significant metabolic alternations during anhepatic stage were decrease in blood glucose levels and increase in blood lactate levels. The more significant hemodynamic changes occurred at the time of reperfusion. Systolic pressure decreased suddenly to 58±6 mmHg and cardiac output decreased to 1.08±0.1l L/min. However heart rate, pulmonary artery pressure, CVP, and PCWP did not change significantly. During stage III, hyperglycemia occurred quite frequently. Significant abnormal coagulation chages could not be found, probably because the dogs were healthy. In conclusion, during anhepatic stage, we have to compensate for alternations of fluid balance. At the time of reperfusion, we should prevent severe hemodynamic changes and treat them immediately if they occur. However, it seems that glucose administration is not necessary to the liver recipient during stage II because there is no significant hemodynamic depression e to hypoglycemia at this time and hyperglycemia occurs later

A Structural Analysis on the Leaflet Motion Induced by the Blood Flow for Design of a Bileaflet Mechanical Heart Valve Prosthesis

Kwon, Young-Joo,Kim, Chang-Nyung,Lee, Jae-Won The Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers 2003 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.17 No.9

This paper presents a structural analysis on the rigid and deformed motion of the leaflet induced by the blood flow required in the design of a bileaflet mechanical heart valve (MHV) prosthesis. In the study on the design and the mechanical characteristics of a bileaflet mechanical heart valve, the fluid mechanics analysis on the blood flow passing through leaflets, the kinetodynamics analysis on the rigid body motion of the leaflet induced by the pulsatile blood flow, and the structural mechanics analysis on the deformed motion of the leaflet are required sequentially and simultaneously. Fluid forces computed in the previous hemodynamics analysis on the blood flow are used in the kinetodynamics analysis on the rigid body motion of the leaflet. Thereafter, the structural mechanics analysis on the deformed motion of the leaflet follows to predict the structural strength variation of the leaflet as the leaflet thickness changes. Analysis results show that structural deformations and stresses increase as the fluid pressure increases and the leaflet thickness decreases. Analysis results also show that the leaflet becomes structurally weaker and weaker as the leaflet thickness becomes smaller than 0.6 mm.

연구논문 : 근대 이후 조리서에 나타난 (전)煎의 변화 분석 및 문헌 고찰

조주형 ( Joo Hyung Cho ),장영은 ( Young Eun Chang ),김진숙 ( Jin Sock Kim ) 한국식생활문화학회 2012 韓國食生活文化學會誌 Vol.27 No.6

This study examined the historical changes in Jean. The Korean dictionary was analyzed to analyze the modern definition of Jeon. To investigate the change in the type and cooking methods of Jean, 36 cookbooks from the late 1800s to 1999 were analyzed. The cooking method for Jean, such as the ingredient, quantity and how to cooking were presented systematically since 1935. The main ingredients of jeon in modern cookbooks are seafood 36.0%, vegetables 30.2% and meat 20.3%. Jean made with seafood or vegetables, chopped meat put in each main ingredient or meatballs with minced meat, etc. meat was used to make Jean in a variety of ways. The cooking method for Jeon in a frying pan is the most basic method. After trimmed materials, adding flour, eggs and oil are the most common way, Making dough with grain flour or ground potatoes, green beans, legumes, etc., and mixing the ingredients in a pan-frying methods appeared to be under the influence of other countries recipes. Modern food culture, introducing new ingredients and cookware, has changed. As a result, jeon cooking methods and the application of the material have varied. The type of jean and cooking methods are expected to increase further and become more diverse.

Multiple myeloma 환자에서 Bortezomib치료 후 발생한 마비성 장폐색증 1례

김준영,이원식,손창학,박성길,진한영,박석주,조영완,정은욱,강명주,박정하,주영돈 인제대학교 2006 仁濟醫學 Vol.27 No.-

Bortezomib is the first clinically available proteasome inhibitor that is clinically effective in the treatment of multiple myeloma. A proteasome inhibitor acts through multiple mechanisms to arrest tumor growth, tumor spread, and angiogenesis. The main adverse effects of bortezomib are gastrointestinal symptoms, cytopenia, fatigue, and peripheral neuropathy. To date, severe paralytic ileus has not been reported as a toxic effect of bortezomib treatment in multiple myeloma. Bortezomib is a novel agent that has only been used clinically for 30 months, so a need exists to further evaluate its toxicity. We report a case of grade Ⅲ (NCI CTCAE v3.0) or grade Ⅳ(SWOG toxicity criteria) paralytic ileus in a 65-year-old man with relapsed multiple myeloma who underwent one cycle of single-agent bortezomib treatment scheduled in a 21-day cycle (1.3 mg/㎥ as a single i.v. bolus on days 1, 4, 8, and 11).

속박 (束縛) 과 침수 (浸水) 로 유도된 흰쥐의 스트레스성 급성 (急性) 위점막병변 (胃粘膜病變) 발생에 있어서 위산분비의 (胃酸分泌) 역할

민영일(Young Il Min),박충기(Choong Kee Park),장린(Rin Chang),김병호(Byung Ho Kim),장영운(Young Woon Chang),이정일(Jung Il Lee),박승준(Seung Joon Park),정주호(Joo Ho chung),정지창(Jee Chang Jung) 대한소화기학회 1989 대한소화기학회지 Vol.21 No.1

N/A The possible roles of gastric acid secretion in the pathogenesis of stress ulcers induced by restraint with water-immersion for 7 hours in pylorus-ligated rats were investigated. Control rats with pylorus-ligation only did not show any gastric mucosa} lesion, and their mean gastric acid output was 449.2 ± 36.1 umol/rat. In contrast, the stressed rats, group II, showed multiple, punctate and hemorrhagic erosions in gastric mucosa, and mean gastric acid output was decreased to the level of 253.7 ± 27.3 umol/rat. Subcutaneous administration of histamine(40 mg/kg every 2.5 h for a total three times) to stressed rats augmented the lesion with severe multiple, linear and hemorrhagic erosions and mean acid output increased significantly (328.1 ± 31.5 umol/, p<0.005) compared with group II. Pretreatment with rantidine(20 mg/kg) or prostaglandin E2 (30 ug/kg) before exposure to stress reduced gastric lesion formation slightly with no significance. In ranitidine pretreated rats, mean gastric acid output was decreased significantly (120.1 ± 15.3 umol/rat, p<0.005) compared with group II. However, in prostaglandin pretreated rats, mean gastric acid output showed no significant changes. Therefore, it is suggested that increased gastric acid secretion seems to be an aggravating or a permissive factor rather than a major factor in the pathogenesis of stress-induced gastric mucosal lesions.