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Diagnostic Imaging of Congenital Meningoencephalocele in a Holstein Calf
Kwon, Kyunghun,Lee, Byungho,Choi, Sooyoung,Cho, Jongki,Lee, Youngwon,Choi, Hojung The Korean Society of Embryo Transfer 2017 한국동물생명공학회지 Vol.32 No.1
A 10-day-old, Holstein calf with facial mass of 10 cm in diameter at the forehead region referred to Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital in Chungnam National University. The mass was soft and fluctuating swelling. It had normal skin and hair hanging forward from frontal region and was thought to contain cerebrospinal fluid. On the skull radiography, cauliflower like-irregular marginated, soft tissue opacity mass was identified craniodorsal to the frontal bone. The mass appeared as a cyst filled with anechoic fluid on ultrasonography. Soft tissue structures considered brain tissues were observed in the deep area of the mass. On the computed tomography, a large skull defect of left side frontal bone was found, and heterogeneous materials were exposed through the defect but exposure of cerebral meninges and brain tissue were not confirmative. On magnetic resonance imaging, herniated left brain parenchyma showed heterogenous T2 and T1 hyperinsensity. In the intracranium, T2 hyperinstense and T1 hypointense fluid was identified on the left side, instead of left cerebral parenchyma. Also leftward shift of right hemisphere and midline structure, including thalamus and midbrain, were observed. The definitive diagnosis was confirmed as a meningoencephalocele based on computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging. The calf was euthanized and necropsy was performed. On necropsy, both hemisphere were developed unequally with different size. One side hemisphere was grown in the outside through 10 cm hole on the median plane.
Diagnostic Imaging of Congenital Meningoencephalocele in a Holstein Calf
Kyunghun Kwon,Byungho Lee,Sooyoung Choi,Jongki Cho,Youngwon Lee,Hojung Choi 한국수정란이식학회 2017 한국동물생명공학회지 Vol.32 No.1
A 10-day-old, Holstein calf with facial mass of 10 cm in diameter at the forehead region referred to Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital in Chungnam National University. The mass was soft and fluctuating swelling. It had normal skin and hair hanging forward from frontal region and was thought to contain cerebrospinal fluid.On the skull radiography, cauliflower like-irregular marginated, soft tissue opacity mass was identified craniodorsal to the frontal bone. The mass appeared as a cyst filled with anechoic fluid on ultrasonography. Soft tissue structures considered brain tissues were observed in the deep area of the mass. On the computed tomography, a large skull defect of left side frontal bone was found, and heterogeneous materials were exposed through the defect but exposure of cerebral meninges and brain tissue were not confirmative. On magnetic resonance imaging, herniated left brain parenchyma showed heterogenous T2 and T1 hyperinsensity. In the intracranium, T2 hyperinstense and T1 hypointense fluid was identified on the left side, instead of left cerebral parenchyma. Also leftward shift of right hemisphere and midline structure, including thalamus and midbrain, were observed. The definitive diagnosis was confirmed as a meningoencephalocele based on computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging. The calf was euthanized and necropsy was performed. On necropsy, both hemisphere were developed unequally with different size. One side hemisphere was grown in the outside through 10 cm hole on the median plane.
Chun, In ,Sung,Kwon, Jung ,Ah,Yoon, Hye ,Ji,Bae, Myung ,Nam,Hong, Jongki,Jung, Ok-Sang WILEY-VCH Verlag 2007 Angewandte Chemie Vol.46 No.26
<B>Graphic Abstract</B> <P>Crosses or chains? The two free pyridyl groups of a dimeric, triethanolamine-triisonicotinate-bridged palladium complex allow the formation of a unique microcross morphology or chain array of microcrystals (see picture), depending on the reaction conditions. These morphologies arise from interactions between microcrystals involving hydrogen bonding of the free pyridyl groups on the microcrystal surface and water molecules. <img src='wiley_img/14337851-2007-46-26-ANIE200701152-content.gif' alt='wiley_img/14337851-2007-46-26-ANIE200701152-content'> </P>
Analysis of the IGBT with improved trade-off characteristic between conduction and turn-off losses
Samuell Shin,Jongil Won,Kuidong Kim,Jongki Kwon,Yongseo Koo 대한전자공학회 2008 ITC-CSCC :International Technical Conference on Ci Vol.2008 No.7
In this paper, we tried different two approach to improve the performance of the IGBT. The first approach is that adding N+ region beside P-base in the conventional IGBT. It can make the conventional IGBT to get faster turn-off time and lower conduction loss. The second approach is that adding P+ region on right side under gate to improve latching current of conventional IGBT. The device simulation results show improved on-state, latch-up and switching characteristics in each structure. The first one was presented lower voltage drop(3.08V) and faster turn-off time(3.4us) than that of conventional one(3.66V/3.65us). Also, second structure has higher latching current(369A/㎠) that of conventional structure. Finally, we present a novel IGBT combined the first approach with second one for improved trade-off characteristic between conduction and turn-off losses. The proposed device has better performance than conventional IGBT.