Trends in the prevalence of chronic liver disease in the Korean adult population, 1998–2017

Seung Ha Park,Lindsay D. Plank,석기태,Yong Eun Park,Jin Lee,Joon Hyuk Choi,Nae Yun Heo,Jongha Park,Tae Oh Kim,Young Soo Moon,Hyun Kuk Kim,Hang Jea Jang,Ha Young Park,김동준 대한간학회 2020 Clinical and Molecular Hepatology(대한간학회지) Vol.26 No.2

Background/Aims: Data on the trends in the prevalence of chronic liver disease (CLD) in Korea are scarce. This study aimed to evaluate whether the CLD prevalence changed between 1998–2001 and 2016–2017. Methods: Data were extracted from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (1998–2001 to 2016– 2017; n=25,893). Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) was defined as a hepatic steatosis index >36 in the absence of any other evidence of CLD. The definition of alcohol-related liver disease (ALD) was excessive alcohol consumption (≥210 g/week for men and ≥140 g/week for women) and an ALD/NAFLD index >0. Results: The prevalence of NAFLD increased from 18.6% (95% confidence interval [CI], 17.8–19.5%) in 1998–2001 to 21.5% (95% CI, 20.6–22.6%) in 2016–2017. During the same time period, increases were observed in the prevalence of obesity (27.0 vs. 35.1%), central obesity (29.4 vs. 36.0%), diabetes (7.5 vs. 10.6%), and excessive drinking (7.3 vs. 10.5%). ALD prevalence also increased from 3.8% (95% CI, 3.4–4.2%) to 7.0% (95% CI, 6.4–7.6%). In contrast, chronic hepatitis B decreased from 5.1% (95% CI, 4.6–5.5%) to 3.4% (95% CI, 3.0–3.8%). The prevalence of chronic hepatitis C was approximately 0.3% in 2016–2017. Conclusions: The prevalence of NAFLD and ALD increase among Korean adults. Our results suggest potential targets for interventions to reduce the future burden of CLD.

Exfoliated HNb₃O₈ nanosheets of enhanced acidity prepared by efficient contact of K₂CO₃ with Nb₂O₅

Park, Jongha,Lee, Jae-Hong,Chung, Young-Min,Suh, Young-Woong Elsevier 2017 Advanced powder technology Vol.28 No.10

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Although exfoliated HNb<SUB>3</SUB>O<SUB>8</SUB> nanosheet (e-HNb<SUB>3</SUB>O<SUB>8</SUB>) is known to be a powerful catalyst in acid-catalyzed reactions, the preparation technique has limitations in its high-yield production. We herein report the enhanced exfoliation efficiency and recovery of e-HNb<SUB>3</SUB>O<SUB>8</SUB> by contacting Nb<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>5</SUB> solid with a diluted K<SUB>2</SUB>CO<SUB>3</SUB> solution before ball milling (mechanochemical activation). The so-obtained e-HNb<SUB>3</SUB>O<SUB>8</SUB> showed a larger specific surface area, a higher density of total acid sites and an improved catalytic performance in the dehydration of 2-heptanol and formic acid, compared to the corresponding sample prepared by the conventional solid-state mixing. The ball-milled K<SUB>2</SUB>CO<SUB>3</SUB>–Nb<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>5</SUB> mixtures, layered KNb<SUB>3</SUB>O<SUB>8</SUB>, ion-exchanged HNb<SUB>3</SUB>O<SUB>8</SUB> and exfoliated HNb<SUB>3</SUB>O<SUB>8</SUB> samples were characterized by PXRD, TEM-EDS, TGA-MS and SEM-EDS. The characterization results revealed more intercalated K<SUP>+</SUP> ions in KNb<SUB>3</SUB>O<SUB>8</SUB> particles as well as more homogeneous K<SUB>2</SUB>CO<SUB>3</SUB>–Nb<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>5</SUB> mixture when the employed preparation technique was used. This is achieved by more infiltration of K<SUB>2</SUB>CO<SUB>3</SUB> into Nb<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>5</SUB> lattice before ball milling, thereby resulting in the above positive findings. Therefore, our approach has great potential to be extended to other niobate-containing nanosheet-type materials.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Nb<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>5</SUB> solid was in contact with a more diluted K<SUB>2</SUB>CO<SUB>3</SUB> solution before ball-milling. </LI> <LI> This mixture was more homogeneous than that prepared by the solid-state mixing. </LI> <LI> Intercalated K<SUP>+</SUP> ions were more present in KNb<SUB>3</SUB>O<SUB>8</SUB> obtained from this mixture. </LI> <LI> The so-obtained exfoliated HNb<SUB>3</SUB>O<SUB>8</SUB> (e-HNb<SUB>3</SUB>O<SUB>8</SUB>) contained more acid sites. </LI> <LI> This e-HNb<SUB>3</SUB>O<SUB>8</SUB> showed better catalytic performance in the dehydration reactions. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

A Review on the Effectiveness of Rehabilitation : For Evidence-Based Practices of the Korean Rehabilitation System

Park, Jongha,Cheong, Jinseong 아시아교정포럼 2015 교정담론 Vol.9 No.2

본 연구는 교정교화사업의 효과성에 대한 국내외 실증연구를 광범위하게 검토함으로써 우리나라 교정교화사업이 성공적으로 뿌리내리는데 기여하고자 했다. 교정교화의 개념적 발달과정과 이론적 토대에 대해 살펴보고, 교정교화사업의 유형과 범죄자의 특성을 중심으로 문헌분석을 실시한 결과, 처벌위주의 정책에 비해 교정교화사업이 훨씬 효과적인 대안임을 알 수 있었다. 그 가운데서도 다체계 치료법(Multisystemic Therapy : MST)과 종교기반 프로그램(Faith-Based Programs) 등이 재범률(재복역율) 감소에 가장 성공적인 것으로 드러났는바, 이와 같이 효과적인 정책들의 공통점은 범죄자 개인사에 대한 탐구를 통해 개별 특성을 파악한 후 심리적이고 환경적인 치유를 동시에 진행하는 것, 즉 개별화 접근이 핵심이었다. 사회학습이론이 주장하는 것처럼 교정교화사업이 소기의 성과를 거두기 위해서는 범죄자의 사고방식을 긍정적으로 변화시키는 것이 중요했는바, 이를 위해서는 학자들과 교정행정관들에게 장기적 관점에서 개별화된 전략을 지속 수행할 수 있는 깊은 지식과 강한 책임감이 요구되었다. 비록 우리 국민의 정서가 범죄에 관대한 것을 매우 꺼려하지만 이에 편승해 단기적이고 임시적인 처방에만 의존하는 접근법은 피해야 하며 반드시 서구와 같은 증거기반 운영이 정착되어야 한다는 결론에 이르게 되었다. This study made a comprehensive review of empirical research on the effectiveness of offender rehabilitation to contribute to the successful settlement of Korean rehabilitation policy. The review of conceptualization, underlying theory, and past studies of rehabilitation revealed sufficient evidence to claim that rehabilitation is the most effective intervention strategy, as opposed to its punitive counterparts. Some models of rehabilitative intervention such as Multisystemic Therapy (MST) and Faith- Based Programs have been proved to be particularly successful in reducing recidivism. The key element of the success appeared to be an individualized approach that considers each offender’s unique pathways to criminal behavior and improves his/her life both internally and environmentally. As the social learning theory posits, it is crucial that offenders change their cognitive processes in a positive direction, which is what must be secured by any rehabilitation program to be successful. To this end, scholars and practitioners need to have a strong professional knowledge and responsibility to keep administering long-term individualized tactics, which proved not only effective but even more efficient than short-term temporary expedient, particularly prevalent in Korea. This way the evidence-based practice of rehabilitation is to be settled in Korea in spite of public fear against softness on crime.

An Empirical Study about Variance Ratio in Different Pattern of Intraday Trading Volume and Volatility

Jonghae Park,Youngtae Byun,Aejin Ha 한국무역통상학회 2012 무역통상학회지 Vol.12 No.3

How Can We Achieve Good Compliance for Bowel Preparation?

Jongha Park,Tae Oh Kim 대한소화기내시경학회 2019 Clinical Endoscopy Vol.52 No.1

UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase(UGP) targeting inhibitors as potential pesticides against Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae

Jongha Lee,Hyunjae Park,Diem Quynh Nguyen,Yoonsik Park,Seunghwan Kim,Jeong-Gu Kim,Lin-Woo Kang 한국농약과학회 2018 한국농약과학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.2018 No.10

Kidney disease and obesity paradox

( Jongha Park ) 대한신장학회 2017 Kidney Research and Clinical Practice Vol.36 No.1

운전자본 구성요소가 기업수익성과 기업가치에 미치는 영향에 관한 실증연구

박종해 ( Jonghae Park ),정대성 ( Daesung Jung ) 한국금융공학회 2018 금융공학연구 Vol.17 No.2

본 연구는 2000년부터 2017년까지 유가증권시장과 코스닥시장에 상장된 기업을 대상으로 기업의 운전자본 구성요소가 기업수익성과 기업가치에 미치는 영향을 분석하였다. 운전자본 구성요소는 현금보유비율, 매출채권 회수기간, 재고기간, 매입채무 신용기간을 사용하였으며, 기업수익성 대용변수는 총자산순이익률(ROA)을 사용하였다. 그리고 기업가치 대용변수는 Tobin’s Q를 사용하였다. 분석모형은 패널분석의 고정효과모형을 사용하였다. 주요 실증분석결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 현금보유비율과 매입채무 신용기간은 기업수익성과 기업가치에 양(+)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났으며, 매출채권 회수기간과 재고 기간은 기업수익성과 기업가치에 음(-)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 운전자본 구성요소는 유가증권시장과 코스닥시장에 관계없이 일관되게 기업수익성을 결정하는 중요한 요소로 나타났다. 다만, 유가증권시장에서는 현금보유비율과 매입채무 신용기간을 증가시키는 것이 효과적이며, 코스닥시장에서는 재고기간과 매출채권 회수기간을 단축시키는 것이 기업수익성에 긍정적인 영향을 주는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 기업가치측면에서 현금보유비율, 매입채무 신용기간 및 매출채권 회수기간을 조정하는 것이 코스닥시장 보다 유가증권시장에서 효과적으로 나타났으며, 재고기간의 단축시키는 것은 유가증권시장보다 코스닥시장에서 기업가치를 증대시키는 것으로 나타났다. 넷째, 글로벌 금융위기 이후 기업은 매입채무 신용기간 연장과 매출채권 회수기간 감소를 통해서 기업수익성을 증가 시키는 것으로 나타났다. 다섯째, 글로벌 금융위기 이전기간에서는 현금보유비율만이 기업가치에 유의한 양(+)영향의 영향을 나타났지만, 글로벌 금융위기 이후기간에서는 모든 운전자본 구성요소가 기업가치에 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. This study analyzed that the components of working capital has affect on firm’s value and profitability. The study surveyed financial data of the firms listed on KOSPI and KOSDAQ from 2000 to 2017. We used cash holding ratio, receivables period, inventory period, accounts payables as the components of working capital. In part of independent variables, we used the return on assets as a proxy for firm’s profitability and Tobin's Q as a proxy for firm’s value. The results are as follows. First, we find that cash holding, receivables, inventory, accounts payables have significant effects on firm’s profitability and value. Second, the components of working capital management have been important components which determine firm’s profitability in both KOSPI and KOSDAQ market. Third, we find that it is more efficient method to control cash holding, receivables, accounts payables in KOSPI market. On the other hand, reducing inventory can be more effective in KOSPI than KOSDAQ market. Fourth, after the global financial crisis, companies have increased their firm’s profitability by extending account payable and reducing receivables. Fifth, only cash holdings had a significant impact on firm value before the global financial crisis, but all the working capital management components after the global financial crisis had a significant effect on firm value.

중환자실 환자에서 발생한 급성 하부 장관 출혈의 진단과 치료에 병상 대장내시경의 유용성

박종하 ( Jongha Park ),예병덕 ( Byong Duk Ye ),이재근 ( Jae Keun Lee ),양동훈 ( Dong Hoon Yang ),윤순만 ( Soon Man Yoon ),김경조 ( Kyung Jo Kim ),변정식 ( Jung Sik Byeon ),명승재 ( Seung Jae Myung ),양석균 ( Suk Kyun Yang ),김진호 대한장연구학회 2009 Intestinal Research Vol.7 No.2

Background/Aims: Most studies on acute gastrointestinal (GI) hemorrhage of intensive care unit (ICU) patients have focused on upper GI hemorrhage (UGIH), but reports on acute lower GI hemorrhage (LGIH) with the role of bedside colonoscopy are still lacking. Therefore, we determined the clinical characteristics of acute LGIH in ICU patients and the efficacy of bedside colonoscopy in ICU setting. Methods: We reviewed the medical records of 76 ICU patients who underwent bedside colonoscopy for acute LGIH between January 2005 and December 2007. The clinical characteristics of the patients, the outcomes of colonoscopy, and the clinical course after colonoscopy were investigated. Results: Of 76 patients, 43 patients (56.6%) were males and the median age was 67 years. End-stage renal diseases were the most common underlying diseases, followed by cardiovascular diseases. Cecal intubation was possible in 18 patients (23.7%) and bleeding foci were identified in 41 patients (53.9%). The two main causes of bleeding were rectal ulcers (48.8%) and ischemic colitis (22.0%). Endoscopic treatments were successful in 12 patients (15.8%), and there was only 1 case of rebleeding after 7 days. There were no severe complications associated with bedside colonoscopy; 3 patients (3.9%) died of uncontrolled LGIH during hospital period. Conclusions: Bedside colonoscopy is effective and safe for the diagnosis of acute LGIH in ICU patients. In addition, endoscopic treatment can be successfully performed in select patients. Therefore, in acute LGIH of ICU patients, bedside colonoscopy can be performed as a first-line procedure. (Intest Res 2009;7:86-92)

변동성전이지수의 시간가변적 특성에 관한 연구

박종해(JongHae, Park),정대성(DaeSung Jung) 한국자료분석학회 2022 Journal of the Korean Data Analysis Society Vol.24 No.1

본 연구는 한국 금융시장과 미국 금융시장간의 정보전이효과를 Diebold, Yilmaz(2012)의 변동성전이지수를 사용하여 분석하였다. 본 연구에서 변동성전이지수를 사용하여 한국과 미국의 금융시장간 정보전이현상을 분석한 주요 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 미국주식과 미국채권은 양(+)의 수익률 순전이효과를 보였으며, 한국주식, 한국채권 및 환율은 음(-)의 수익률 순전이효과를 보였다. 즉, 미국금융시장이 한국금융시장을 주도하며 수익률전이가 일어나고 있음을 확인할 수 있다. 변동성전이결과에서도 이와 유사한 결과를 보였다. 둘째, 금융위기 이전보다 금융위기 이후 변동성전이지수의 수준이 증가하는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 미국의 양적완화가 우리나라 금융시장에 미치는 영향을 시간가변적으로 확인한 결과 양적완화기 지속되는 기간 동안 변동성전이 지수는 지속적으로 하락하는 추세를 보였다. 반면, 양적완화를 축소하고 출구전략을 시행한 이후 시점부터는 변동성전이지수는 증가하는 추세를 보이고 있는 것으로 보아 출구전략을 통해 통화량을 축소하는 시점에서 미국시장으로부터 유입되는 변동성전이효과가 더 높아질 수 있다는 것이다. 이상의 결과를 통해서 한국금융시장과 미국금융시장간의 연계성에 관한 정보는 정보전이 경로와 크기에 대한 직관적인 정보를 제공함으로써 포트폴리오 위험관리에 활용될 것으로 기대되어진다. 그리고 금융당국의 입장에서 시장간 연계성 정보는 시스템 리스크를 측정하고 새로운 조기경보모형 개발에도 활용 가능하여 금융시장의 안정성을 기여할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다. This study analyzed the information spillover phenomenon between financial markets of the Korea and the United States using the volatility spillover index of Diebold and Yilmaz (2012). Through the volatility spillover index, the results of outflow transference (spillover effect to others), inflow transference (spillover effect from others), net spillover effect, and the moving average rolling sample window analysis are as follows. First, as a result of the analysis of the net spillover effect of returns, US stocks and US bonds showed positive values, while Korean stocks, Korean bonds and exchange rates showed negative values. In other words, it can be confirmed that the US financial market is leading the Korean financial market, and the rate of return is shifting. The volatility spillover index of volatilities also showed similar results. Second, the level of the volatility spillover index seems to have increased after the financial crisis than before the financial crisis. Third, as a result of time-varying confirmation of the impact of quantitative easing in the US on the Korean financial market, the volatility spillover index continued to decline during the period of quantitative easing. On the other hand, the volatility spillover index shows an increasing trend from the time when QE is reduced and the exit strategy is implemented. Through the above results, information on the linkage between returns and volatility between the Korean financial market and the US financial market is expected to be utilized in portfolio management by providing information on the path and magnitude of the spillover effect. In addition, it is expected to be used as a method to manage system risk from the perspective of financial authorities who are trying to secure the stability of the financial market.