배구 서브리시브에 따른 팀 간 공격 차이 분석

김종원 ( Jong Won Kim ),김주학 ( Joo Hak Kim ),김진환 ( Jin Hwan Kim ),홍성진 ( Seong Jin Hong ) 한국스포츠정책과학원(구 한국스포츠개발원) 2011 체육과학연구 Vol.22 No.3

이 연구는 국내 남자프로배구경기에서 나타난 서브리시브에 따른 팀간 공격 차이를 서브리시브의 유효성, 세터/비세터에 의한 세트, 세터의 위치, 공격형태, 공격결과를 기반으로 어떠한 차이가 있는지를 알아보기 위하여 NH농협 2009~2010 V리그 남자프로배구경기 126경기를 대상으로 하였다. 분석된 요인들을 기반으로 팀간 공격형태별 빈도, 대전팀간 교차분석, 공격형태별 성공 비율 차이를 분석하여 다음과 같이 나타났다. 첫째, 요인에 따른 공격형태별 빈도를 분석한 결과, 서브리시브가 성공하였을 경우 7개팀 중 5개팀이 속공공격, 실패하였을 경우 7개팀 모두가 오픈공격의 빈도가 높게 나타났다. 둘째, 요인에 따른 대전팀 교차분석의 차이를 검증해 본 결과 차이가 나타났다. 시즌 1위팀인 S팀은 7위팀인 A팀보다 서브리시브 성공률에서 10%이상의 차이가 나타났으며, 서브리시브의 성공·실패와 상관없이 7개팀 모두 96%이상의 세트가 세터에 의해 이루어지는 것으로 나타났다. 또한, 공격결과 성공률 평균에서는 상위팀인 S팀·H팀(56.9%), 중위팀인 D팀·L팀(54.7%), 하위팀인 W팀·K팀·A팀(47.7%)로 나타나 상위팀일수록 더 높은 공격결과 성공률 평균이 나타났다. 셋째, 공격형태별 성공 비율 차이를 분석한 결과, 이동공격을 제외한 모든 공격형태에서 차이가 나타났다. 오픈공격에서는 S팀이 D팀은 제외한 모든 팀보다 높은 오픈공격 성공 비율의 차이가 나타났으며, A팀은 W팀을 제외한 모든 팀에게 높은 오픈공격 성공 비율의 차이를 나타내주는 특징을 보였다. 시간차공격에서는 K팀이 A팀을 제외한 모든 팀에게 높은 시간차공격 성공 비율의 차이를 나타내주었으며, 속공공격에서는 H팀이 D팀을 제외한 모든 팀에게 높은 속공공격 성공 비율의 차이가 나타났다. 후위공격에서는 하위팀인 W팀·K팀·A팀에서 상위팀들에게 높은 후위공격의 성공 비율의 차이를 나타내주는 특징을 보였다. 퀵오픈공격에서는 A팀이 K팀은 제외한 모든 팀에게 높은 퀵오픈공격 성공 비율을 나타내주는 특징을 보였다. 서브리시브에 따른 팀 간 공격에서 서브리시브의 유효성, 세터/비세터에 의한 세트, 세터의 위치, 공격형태, 공격결과에 따라 팀 간 차이가 나타났다. 안정된 서브리시브와 세트는 여러 공격형태와 높은 공격성공률과의 관계가 매우 높다고 볼 수 있다. 대부분의 기록에서 승리한 팀이 패배한 팀보다, 시즌 순위 기록으로 상위팀이 하위팀보다 우위를 나타내 여러 요인들의 안정 및 높은 성공률을 위하여 꾸준한 연습과 대전팀의 경기기록에 대한 연구가 필요하다. The study was to compare the differences of attacking patterns related to serve receives basing on effectiveness of serve receives, setter/non-setter, location of setter, type of attacks and outcomes of attacks. The subjects were 126 games in 2009~2010 Korean NH Nonghyub V-league men`s championships. The analysed factors were considered on frequencies of type of attacks by each team, cross comparisons between teams played and a ratio of successful outcome by the type of attacks. The results were found as following belows; Firstly, in the comparisons of frequencies on the type of attacks, 5 teams among 7 teams shown greater frequencies on counter-attacks while the teams were winning. Secondly, there were significant differences of types of attacks between teams. The championships` winner, team S was greater than other teams about 10 % of successful serve-receives and 96% of sets were done by setter without the relationships of successful or unsuccessful serve-receives. Also, the successful percentage of attacking outcomes were ordered by ranks such as superior team S and H (56.9%), mid-ranks team D and L (54.7%) and inferior team W, K and A (47.7%). Thirdly, in the comparisons of successful ratio of type of attacks, there were significant differences between the type of attacks except moving-attacks. In the open-attacks, the ratio by team S was greater than team D. In addition, there was significant difference on the ratio by team A excepted the comparing with team W. In the time difference attacks, the ratio by team K was different comparing to other teams excepting team A. In the counter-attacks, team H were greater ratio excepting to team D. In the backward-attacks, the inferior teams (W, K and A) made greater successful ratio of attacks against the superior teams. In the quick-attacks, there was grater ratio by team A against others excepted to team K. There were differences of the effectiveness of serve-receives, sets by setter/ non-setter, location of setter, type of attacks and outcome of attacks depending on the teams. The stable serve-receives and sets were highly relevant to the various types of attacks and greater ratio of successful attacks. The continuous practice and study on oppositional data are required in order to enhance their performances because the winning and superior teams were stable ratio of successful attacks rather than the losing and inferior teams.

신경망분석을 이용한 축구경기 승,패 예측모형 개발 -2006독일월드컵 대회를 중심으로-

김주학 ( Joo Hak Kim ),노갑택 ( Gap Taik Ro ),박종성 ( Jong Sung Park ),이원희 ( Won Hi Lee ) 한국스포츠정책과학원(구 한국스포츠개발원) 2007 체육과학연구 Vol.18 No.4

본 연구는 축구 경기 기록자료를 활용하여 축구경기의 승·패를 예측할 수 있는 모형을 개발하는 데 있다. 활용된 경기기록 자료는 2006년 독일 월드컵대회에 나타난 축구경기 전체 64경기의 FIFA TSG공식자료와 M대학교 경기분석 프로그램을 활용하여 산출된 경기기록 자료를 사용하였다. 연구기법으로는 최근에 예측연구에 많이 활용되고 있는 신경망 분석을 이용하여 예측율을 확인 하였으며, 예측율은 2개의 예측모형으로 분류하여 결과를 산출하였다. 구체적인 내용 및 방법은 다음과 같다. 2006년 독일월드컵에 나타난 기록 관련 요인 중 경기 내적요인을 중심으로 축구 경기의 승·패와 관련한 요인을 탐색하고 2006년 독일월드컵 전 경기에 대한 비디오녹화를 실시하였으며, 녹화된 비디오를 통하여 기록요인에 대하여 실시간 축구 경기분석 프로그램을 활용, 승·패와 관련한 기록요인을 점수화하였다. 점수화된 기록요인은 점유율, 성공률 관련 등 여러 가지 요인이 있었으나 실제 경기에서 예측을 할 수 있는 요인을 전문가와 회의를 통하여 선정하고 선정된 요인을 바탕으로 신경망 분석방법을 이용하여 축구경기 승·패 예측 모형을 개발하여 예측율을 확인하였다. 본 연구의 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 전문가회의를 통하여 기록화 할 수 있는 기록자료 요인을 중심으로 2006년 독일월드컵 전체 경기에 대하여 축구 경기분석 프로그램을 통하여 점수화하여 실제 다양한 요인이 내재된 경기에 대하여서도 내용분류를 통하여 점수화할 수 있음을 확인하였다. 둘째, 점수화된 경기 내적요인을 중심으로 신경망분석 방법을 통하여 축구경기에 대하여서도 승·패를 예측할 수 있음을 확인하였으며 타 종목에 대하여서도 실현 가능함을 확인할 수 있었다. 셋째, 축구경기의 승패에 대하여 87.5%의 예측율을 보임으로써 축구경기의 요인에 대한 중요도를 평가할 수 있는 연구의 기초를 확립하였다고 판단된다. This study was on purpose to investigate the various factors of soccer games into inner factors and classify performance factors objectively and scientifically using a soccer game analysis program and develop a model which can predict the result of the soccer games using the Neural NetWork Analysis that stands on the game graded record. The game recorded data was collected from the FIFA TSG official record and the data which was gained using a game analysis program. It has searched the factors related the game results which were focused on the game inner factors of the related factors in 2006 World cup games and recorded the whole games of 2006 World cup games, graded the recording factors related the win/lose using the video and the real time game analysis program with numbers. The graded recording factors with numbers were several; ball possession, completion, and so on. However, through the meeting with Neural NetWork Analysis, professionals prediction related factors which can predict in the real games were selected. And a soccer game win/lose prediction model was developed using the selected factors and Neural NetWork Analysis. It also was compared with the preceding researches in documents record studies. Followings are main results of this study; First, It was confirmed that it is available to grade the real factors in the games which include various factors through the professionals` meetings which implemented the analysis the 2006 Worldcup games and it was focused on the recording factors. Second, the graded recording inner-factors make it possible to predict the soccer game results using the Neural NetWork Analysis method. It was verified that it can be effective in other sports also. Third, the rate of predicting the soccer games` results was 87.5%. It is possible to understand this study contributes on the basis of the importancy of soccer game factors.

한국산 나비 目(Lepidoptera)의 발향린(Androconia)에 관한 주사전자현기경적 연구 III. 네발나비科

박원학,류성만,서경인,이종욱 嶺南大學校 基礎科學硏究所 1992 基礎科學硏究 Vol.12 No.-

한국산 네발나비과에 보고된 77종 중 북한산 12종과 채집하지 못한 21종을 제외한 44종, 670여 개체를 재료로 광학현미경으로 발향린의 유무 및 분포를 확인하였다. 이중 발향린이 관찰된 10종을 대상으로 주사전자현미경으로 그 형태를 비교 연구하였다. 1. 발향린이 관찰된 종은 Brentis ino(R.), Argyronome laodice (P.). A. ruslana (M.). Damora sagana (D.), argynnis paphia (L.), Childrena zenobia (L.), Speyeria aglaja (L.), Fabriciana pallescens (B.), F. adippe (L.), F. nerippe(c.et R. F.) 10종이다. 2. 발향린은 암컷에서는 관찰되지 않았고, 수컷이 앞날개 표면에서만 관찰되었으며, 시맥위에서만 분포한다. 3. 확인, 관찰된 10종의 발향린은 나발막(fimbriae), 경부(neck), 잎새(laminar), 자루병반(foot stalk) 등 발향린의 전형적인 모양을 나타내었으며, 동종내 개체간 변이는 관찰되지 않았다. 4. Argyronome laodice, A. ruslana, Damora sagana, argynnis paphia, Childrena zenobia, Fabriciana pallescens 등 6종에서는 2가지 형태의 발향린이 관찰되었다. 5. 본 연구에서 관찰한 10종은 Subfamily Argynninae아과의 Argynnini족에서만 관찰되었으며, 관찰된 발향린중 Type ⅠⅠ의 형태는 종간에 큰 차이점이 없었고, Type Ⅰ은 많은 형태적 차이를 보이므로 분류학적으로 중요한 형질이라 사료된다. this paper observed through microscope the existance and the distribution of the androconia of the 44 species Nymphalidae among 77 ones that have been reported in Korea, excluding 12 species in North Korea and 21 one's not collected ten species that were observed the androconia among those were chifely compared and studied through Scanning Electron Microscope. 1. The 10 species that observed androconia is Brentis ino(R.), Argyronome laodice (P.). A. ruslana (M.). Damora sagana (D.), Argynnis paphia (L.), Childrena zenobia (L.), Speyeria aglaja (L.), Fabriciana pallescens (B.), F. adippe (L.), F. nerippe(C. et R. F.) 2. The androconia was not found at the female, but only on the dorsal surface of male's fore wings. 3. The androconia of 10 species was not observed intraspecific seasonal variation and individual variation. It was appeared the androconia as general type of fimbriae, neck, laminar and foot stalk. 4. Two types(typeⅠ and Ⅱ) of androconia were observed at the species of Argyronome laodice, A. ruslana, Damora sagana, Argynnis paphia, Childrena zenobia, Fabriciana pallescens. 5. According to this study, the androconia of 10 species observed only Argynnini, subfamily Argynniae. The type Ⅱ of the androconia similar to between species but type Ⅰ was observed multitudes of morphological difference. These difference of type Ⅰ was very important taxonomical characters.

LPG/바이오디젤 混合縣料를 使用하는 壓縮着火 機關에서 바이오디젤이 엔진 性能 및 排氣特性 에 미치는 影響

崔源鶴,柳鍾植,車京玉 明知大學校 産業技術硏究所 2009 産業技術硏究所論文集 Vol.28 No.-

In this study, a compression ignition engine operated with LPG and Bio-diesel blended fuel was studied experimentally. The effect of Bio-diesel on performance and emissions of a CI engine fuelled by LPG/Bio-diesel fuel were examined‘ Bio-diesel fuel was blended to LPG fuel by Bio-diesel 20-60wt%. Results showed that stable engine operation was possible for a wide range of engine loads up to 30% of LPG by mass in a CI engine. Considering the results of the engine power out put and exhaust emissions, blended fuel up to 30% of LPG by mass can be used as an altemative to diesel in a CI engine. Bio-diesel blended LPG fuel is expected to have potential for enlarging the Bio-diesel market.

디젤 乘用車輛에서 DPF 條件에 따른 極微細粒子의 排出 特性에 關한 硏究

鄭珉元,崔源鶴,柳鍾植,李海喆,車京玉 明知大學校 産業技術硏究所 2008 産業技術硏究所論文集 Vol.27 No.-

Recent1y, the nano-PM(Particulate Matters) number concentration emitted by diesel internal combustion engine has focused on attention because this nano-PM is suspected being hazardous of human health. In this study, the PM of the diesel passenger vehicles were investigated by number concentration. A condensation particle counter (CPC) system was used to measure the particle number concentration and size of diesel exhaust particles at the end of dilution tunnel during the NEDC(ECE15+EUDC) vehicle test mode using light-duty diesel passenger vehicles with DPFs. As a research result, the characteristic of DPF performance about diesel nano-particle number concentration and size distribution was investigated in this study.

LPG/DME 混合熱料를 使用하는 壓縮着火엔진의 性能및 排氣特性에 관한 硏究

崔源歸,柳鍾植,車京玉 明知大學校 産業技術硏究所 2009 産業技術硏究所論文集 Vol.28 No.-

In this study, DME-blended LPG fuel was experimentally investigated in CI(compression ignition) engine. In particular, performance, emissions characteristics (including hydrocarbon, CO, and NOx emissions), and combustion stability of engine fuelled with DME-blended LPG fuel were examined. LPG fuel was blended to DME fuel by LPG 0-40wt%, Results showed that stable engine operation was possible for a wide range of engine loads up to 30% of LPG by mass in a CI engine. Considering the results of the engine power out put and exhaust emissions, blended fuel up to 30% of LPG by mass can be used as an alternative to diesel in a CI engine. DME blended LPG fuel is expected to have potential for enlarging the DME market.

Al합금의 고속 원통가공에서 발생하는 치수오차와 진원도의 영향 고찰

윤종학,서성원,이헌철 한국공작기계학회 2001 한국생산제조학회지 Vol.10 No.5

Recently, the requirements for high precision and efficiency machining are gradually increased to raise international competitiveness at the industrial fields of die and molds. This trend had made effects on the industrial fields in Korea and which needs for studying of high precision and efficiency machining. This study is to investigate the effects of the run-out of end mill in the external cylindrical machining operated by solid carbide end mills with Al-alloy in high speed machining center relating to high spindle revolution and fast feed per minute on the dimensional precision, roundness of workpiece. From the results of experimentation followings are obtained; when Al-alloy is processed by the external cylindrical cutting of end milling through the high speed revolution, if the spindle revolution is higher relating to radial depth of cut, feed per tooth in very lower situation, finally, productivity can be raised because high precision and quality products are machined high efficiently.

콘택트렌즈 소독제 및 PHMB의 3종 가시아메바 포낭에 대한 살충능력 평가

신종원,유학선,공현희,정동일 慶北大學校 醫科大學 1996 慶北醫大誌 Vol.37 No.3

목적 : 국내에 시판되고 있는 콘택트렌즈 보존 및 소독액, 그리고 아메바성 각막염의 치료제로서 인정받고 있는 polyhexamethylene biguanide (PHMB)의 가시아메바 포낭에 대한 살충효과를 평가하고자 한다. 대상 및 방법 : 카스텔라니가시아메바 Ma주, 대식가시아메바 Nagington주 및 담수가시아메바 KA/LI주에 대한 소독액의 살충효과의 평가는 한천 plate위에서 수행하였고, 최저살충농도(minimal cysticidal concentration : MCC)의 결정은 microplate를 이용하였다. 7일간 관찰 후, 탈낭하지 않는 가시아메바 포낭은 사멸한 것으로 판정하였다. Chlorhexidine 및 PHMB의 MCC를 결정하기 위해 8시간 및 48시간 처리 실험을 분리하여 시행하였다. 결과 : 시판 소독액 중 chlorhexidine과 thimerosal를 함유하는 용액 C만이 가시아메바 포낭에 대한 살충효과가 있었고, 나머지 3종의 소독액은 살충효과가 없었다. 0.02% PHMB로 4시간 이상 처리한 가시아메바 포낭은 충주에 관계없이 사멸되었다. Chlorhexidine 과 PHMB, 두 약제 모두 8시간 처리 MCC가 48시간 처리 MCC보다 다소 높았다. PHMB에 대한 감수성은 가시아메바 충주에 따라 차이가 격심하였다. 결론 : 3종 가시아메바 포낭에 대한 PHMB의 MCC (0.29∼9.38㎍/㎖)가 chlorhexidine의 그것(2.73∼18.75㎍/㎖)보다 낮아 PHMB는 아메바성 각막염의 치료제 및 콘택트렌즈 소독제로 사용 될 수 있을 것으로 사료되며 화학소독액에 PHMB를 10㎍/㎖ 첨가하는 것이 요망된다. In order to evaluate the cysticidal effects of contact lens disinfectants and polyhexamethylene biguanide(PHMB) against 3 clinical isolates of Acanthamoeba. in vitro cysticidal assay was performed on agar plates covered with heat-inactivated Escherichia coli. Three clinical isolates of Acanthamoeba were A. castellanii Ma strain. A. polyphaga Nagington strain, and A. lugdunensis KA/LI strain. After treatment of Acanthamoeba cysts with the disinfectants or PHMB, the cysts were cultivated for 7 or more days. Cysts which were not excysted in 7 days after treatment were recognized killed. Among commercial disinfectants, the solution C. which contains chlorhexidine and thimerosal. was the only one with cysticidal effects on Acanthamoeba cysts. PHMB of 0.02% concentration was also cysticidal. Sensitivity to PHMB varied profoundly from isolate to isolate. Minimal cysticidal concentration (MCC) of chorhexidine and PHMB were determined by cultivation of cysts treated for 8 or 48 hours with serially diluted chlorhexidine and PHMB in wells of a 96-well microplate containing axenic culture media for amoebae. MCC of 48-hour treatment with both chemicals was lower than that of 8-hour treatment. MCC of PHMB against amoebic cysts was lower than that of chlorhexidine. In the light of these results. PHMB could be a contact lens disinfectant as well as a chemotherapeutic agent of amoebic keratitis.

디젤엔진排出에서 나노PM 粒子計測用 凝縮核개수기(CPC) 特性에 關한 比較解析

鄭珉元,崔源鶴,柳鍾植,李海喆,車京玉 明知大學校 産業技術硏究所 2008 産業技術硏究所論文集 Vol.27 No.-

Recently, the nano-PM 's number concentration emitted by diesel internal combustion engine has focused on attention because this particulate matters are suspected being hazardous of human health. In this study, the particulate matters (PM) emissions of these vehicles were investigated by number concentration. A condensation particle counter (CPC) system was applied to measure the particle number and size concentration of diesel exhaust particles at the end of dilution tunnel along the NEDC(ECE15+EUDC) vehicle test mode using TSI 3010D and HCT 4312 CPC. As the research result, the characteristic of CPC comparison diesel nano-particle number and size distribution was investigated in this study.

성인형 당뇨병 환자에서 피부생검을 이용한 표피하 모세혈관 기저막 두께의 변화에 관한 연구

김원학,오금탁,김만우,장경식,채종구,조건국 朝鮮大學校 附設 醫學硏究所 1987 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.12 No.1

Thickening and proliferation of capillary basement membrane is a generalized phenomenon in diabetes mellitus and has been described in many organs including heart, kidney, pancreas, retina etc. While such changes are specific, it is difficult to obtain specimens from those organs. We took the specimens from the medial surface of the thing of 33 diabetics and 4 healthy persons as controls by means of punch biopsy. The measurement carried out by normogram and electron microscopic technique. HbA_(1c) values were also measured simultaneously. 1. The HbA_(1c) values are higher in diabetics than in control group (p<0.01). 2. The subepidermal capillary basement membrane thickness of the diabetics : 30% of the 5 th decade population, 53.9% of the 6 rh decade population and 83.3% of the 7th decade population showed more rhan 3,000 A. Whereas all the controls showed below 3,000 A. 3. The subepidermal capillary basement membrane thickness did nor increase significantly with the duration of the disease. 4. In cases of high subepidermal capillary basement membrane thickness, HbA_(1c) showed significant increase. (p<0.01).