From History to Reality: How China Handles North Korea

Jiyong Zheng 경희대학교 국제학연구원 2019 Asian Journal of International Studies (AJIS) Vol.24 No.1

The history of China and the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea (DPRK) determines the current state of Sino-DPRK relations. China and DPRK have shared a common historical memory and regime security policy from former dynasties and continue to do so, and this is summarized by the phrase “teeth and lips relations.” Ideologically, China and the DPRK have had almost the same roots for their armies, Communist parties (CCP and North Korean Workers Party), and governments. China’s and North Korea’s Supreme leaders, Xi Jinping and Kim Jong Un, respectively, used the same words and said that China and DPRK have “struggled shoulder by shoulder,” while speaking about the journey from China’s Civil War to its Anti-Japan battles, and the Liberation War to the Korean War, respectively. Both nations also appear to follow similar constructions of socialism as articulated on June 20, 2019. Personal sentiments have also formed major foundations for both China and Korea from the past to the present. In ancient times, Chinese Emperors and Korea shared complicated relationships. From the past to the present, China has understood that if Korea falls into a state of chaos, voluntarily or involuntarily, China will face the greatest loss. Thus, China pays serious and careful attention to the stability and unification of Korea and tries its best to avoid harm. The result, which can be seen in China’s foreign policy, is that China prioritizes policymaking that focuses on the stability of the Korean Peninsula. Based on these facts alone, China’s North Korea policy has had special historical roots and milestones, and has engaged in methods and approaches very different from those of other countries.

东亚国际形势与朝鲜半岛

Jiyong Zheng 사단법인 코리아컨센서스연구원 2017 분석과 대안 Vol.1 No.1

The situation in Korean peninsula, globally and regionally, which followed the global huge uncertainty, changed a lot. Because of the political crisis, ROK falls into a chaos. And DPRK goes into a policy changing period by the internal issues, international sanctions and assassination accident in Malaysia, which is confirmed to be DPRK’s Supreme leader, Kim Jong Un’s half brother. Under this changing circumstances, the perspectives of regarding China and the Korean peninsula, must be undated accordingly. Only by understanding the Sino-US relations, the DPRK nuclear issue and the regional dilemmas can we formulate reasonable policies to contribute to the peace and stability of the Korean Peninsula. .

Restructuring the World Order: China's Perspective

Jiyong Zheng,Wang Xingxing,XUE Hao 국방대학교 국가안전보장문제연구소 2022 The Korean Journal of Security Affairs Vol.27 No.1

China-U.S. relations have entered a downward spiral. The structural conflict between China and the United States related to how two countries view the new world order in the future. This article tries to explore the roots and essence of the United States' perception of China, discuss how China views the future world order, analyze the risks of U.S.’s behavior toward China and China's own propositions and claims for the future world order.

THAAD Deployment : A Chinese Perspective

ZHENG Jiyong 제주평화연구원 2016 JPI Research Series Vol.37 No.-

Roadmap to a Korean Peninsula Peace Regime: A Chinese Perspective

Zheng Jiyong,Gao Yin 경남대학교 극동문제연구소 2015 ASIAN PERSPECTIVE Vol.39 No.1

Sustainable peace and stability need an institutional guarantee. Based on the unique logic of its Korean peninsula policy, China hassketched a Chinese-style Korean Peninsula Peace Regime that compriseslogic positioning, strategic objectives and priorities, a mechanism,a timetable, and a road map. The basic logic of the peaceregime, the aim of which is long-term peace and stability on the Koreanpeninsula, is that it should include security, but also integratesecurity with economy and culture.

China’s North Korea Policy in Xi Jinping’s 1<SUP>st</SUP> Administration

Zheng, Jiyong,Zhang, Wenjiang,Wang, Xingxing 계명대학교 국제학연구소 2017 국제학논총 Vol.26 No.-

Xi’s North Korea policy (from 2012-1017) is an important turning point of China’s North Korea policy. It is the new judgment which is based on China’s overall foreign policy. Although the nuke issues lead to new different situation, the geopolitical value of NK (North Korea) does not change much. From a policy view, China’s NK policy should be kept normal, equal, and correlated. Furthermore, China must make a policy of gathering, pressing, pulling and pushing from four dimensions. At the same time, China’s policy toward NK should be more innovative to make and follow more rules and regimes mechanically, to constrain NK to follow the rules, and to pursue the new power balance of the Korean peninsula.

东亚国际形势与朝鲜半岛

Zheng, Jiyong Korea Consensus Institute(KCI) 2017 Analyses & alternatives Vol.1 No.1

The situation in Korean peninsula, globally and regionally, which followed the global huge uncertainty, changed a lot. Because of the political crisis, ROK falls into a chaos. And DPRK goes into a policy changing period by the internal issues, international sanctions and assassination accident in Malaysia, which is confirmed to be DPRK's Supreme leader, Kim Jong Un's half brother. Under this changing circumstances, the perspectives of regarding China and the Korean peninsula, must be undated accordingly. Only by understanding the Sino-US relations, the DPRK nuclear issue and the regional dilemmas can we formulate reasonable policies to contribute to the peace and stability of the Korean Peninsula.

Hierarchical Construction of Self-Standing Anodized Titania Nanotube Arrays and Nanoparticles for Efficient and Cost-Effective Front-Illuminated Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells

Zheng, Qing,Kang, Hosung,Yun, Jongju,Lee, Jiyong,Park, Jong Hyeok,Baik, Seunghyun American Chemical Society 2011 ACS NANO Vol.5 No.6

<P>We report on the influence of hierarchical structures, constructed <I>via</I> layer-by-layer assembly of self-standing titania nanotube arrays and nanoparticles, upon charge recombination and photoelectric performance of front-illuminated dye-sensitized solar cells. Both nanotubes and nanoparticles were produced by anodization rather than additionally employing other methods, providing low cost and great simplicity. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy under AM 1.5 illumination indicates the construction of hybrid morphology has superior recombination characteristics and a longer electron lifetime than nanoparticulate systems. This enhancement with the incorporation of anodized titania nanoparticles with 1D architectures is unprecedented for solar cells. Owing to the better light harvesting efficiency, extended electron lifetime and desirable electron extraction, the short-circuit photocurrent density of solar cell is 18.89 mA cm<SUP>–2</SUP> with an overall power conversion efficiency of 8.80% and an incident photon-to-current conversion efficiency of 84.6% providing a very promising candidate for sustainable energy production with a high performance/cost ratio.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/ancac3/2011/ancac3.2011.5.issue-6/nn201169u/production/images/medium/nn-2011-01169u_0003.gif'></P>

Ginseng-derived type I rhamnogalacturonan polysaccharide binds to galectin-8 and antagonizes its function

Yi Zheng,Yunlong Si,Xuejiao Xu,Hongming Gu,Zhen He,Zihan Zhao,Zhangkai Feng,Jiyong Su,Kevin H. Mayo,Yifa Zhou,Guihua Tai The Korean Society of Ginseng 2024 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.48 No.2

Background: Panax ginseng Meyer polysaccharides exhibit various biological functions, like antagonizing galectin-3-mediated cell adhesion and migration. Galectin-8 (Gal-8), with its linker-joined N- and C-terminal carbohydrate recognition domains (CRDs), is also crucial to these biological processes, and thus plays a role in various pathological disorders. Yet the effect of ginseng-derived polysaccharides in modulating Gal-8 function has remained unclear. Methods: P. ginseng-derived pectin was chromatographically isolated and enzymatically digested to obtain a series of polysaccharides. Biolayer Interferometry (BLI) quantified their binding affinity to Gal-8, and their inhibitory effects on Gal-8 was assessed by hemagglutination, cell migration and T-cell apoptosis. Results: Our ginseng-derived pectin polysaccharides consist mostly of rhamnogalacturonan-I (RG-I) and homogalacturonan (HG). BLI shows that Gal-8 binding rests primarily in RG-I and its β-1,4-galactan side chains, with sub-micromolar K_D values. Both N- and C-terminal Gal-8 CRDs bind RG-I, with binding correlated with Gal-8-mediated function. Conclusion: P. ginseng RG-I pectin β-1,4-galactan side chains are crucial to binding Gal-8 and antagonizing its function. This study enhances our understanding of galectin-sugar interactions, information that may be used in the development of pharmaceutical agents targeting Gal-8.

Legal Analyses of the Korea–Japan JDA Implementation Dilemma: Stalemate and a Way Out

Deng Niya,Zheng Jiyong 인하대학교 국제관계연구소 2022 Pacific Focus Vol.37 No.3

The 1974 joint development agreement between Korea and Japan established an innovative cooperation regime in the East China Sea. According to the agreement, Korea is obligated to conduct jointly with Japan in the defined zone, but Japan holds a negative stance on the potential reservation, leading to a deadlock on commercial activities. The reasons for the stalemate are, on the one hand, due to a lack of motivation because no commercial products pay back, and on the other because the mechanism of the agreement does not envisage a straightforward solution to the predicament. Compared with the 1970s, the incompatible legal positions on the maritime boundaries and vexed political geographical relations between the coastal States make the Joint Development Zone more controversial. This study identifies alternative approaches based on thorough analyses of political and legal factors such as joint development regime, evolving rules of international law, bilateral cooperation, and regional relations.