사례 분석을 통한 캐릭터의 법적 보호 방법에 관한 고찰 -카카오와 라인을 중심으로-

서지원 ( Seo¸ Jiwon ),김이진 ( Kim¸ Lee Jin ) 한국기초조형학회 2021 기초조형학연구 Vol.22 No.4

캐릭터 디자이너에게 창작물에 대한 법적 보호는 중요하다. 캐릭터의 보호에 관한 기존 연구들은 실무적인 질문에 대하여 답을 얻기에는 다소 추상적이다. 본고에서는 캐릭터 디자이너에게 실무상 효율적으로 자신의 캐릭터에 대한 보호를 추구하는 방법을 제시하고자 하였다. 이를 위하여 먼저 캐릭터를 보호하기 위한 법률을 살펴보았다. 이어서 현재 상업적으로 성공한 캐릭터의 대표적 사례로 볼 수 있는 카카오와 라인의 캐릭터를 연구 대상 사례로 선정하고 이를 분석하였다. 구체적으로, 캐릭터를 보호하기 위한 법률에는 크게 저작권법과 산업재산권 관련법인 상표법, 디자인보호법이 있다. 따라서 본 고에서는 저작권법과 상표법, 디자인보호법이 캐릭터의 어느 면을 보호하는지를 간략히 소개하였다. 그리고 저작권법, 상표법, 디자인보호법에 대한 이해를 바탕으로 카카오와 라인의 캐릭터에 대한 저작권, 상표권, 디자인권 세부 사항을 분석하고 그 내용을 소개하였다. 1)저작권의 경우, 카카오는 모든 캐릭터에 대해 저작권을 등록하였고, 라인은 두 번째 공개한 BT21은 저작권 등록을 했지만, 첫 번째 공개 캐릭터인 라인 프렌즈에서는 저작권 등록에 소극적이었다. 2)상표권은 상표 형태에 따라 여러 종류가 있는데, 본고에서는 캐릭터와 관련된 상표로 문자상표, 도형상표, 도형복합상표를 다루었다. 카카오는 첫 번째 캐릭터인 카카오 프렌즈에서는 상표 획득에 시행착오를 겪은 것으로 보이지만, 두 번째 캐릭터인 니니즈에서는 모든 캐릭터에 대해 문자상표와 도형상표를 획득하였다. 라인은 저작권 뿐 아니라 문자상표, 도형상표 출원에도 소극적인 모습을 보였지만, 모든 캐릭터에 대해 도형복합상표를 등록하였다. 3)디자인권의 경우, 카카오는 모든 캐릭터를 3차원으로 입체화시킨 인형(완구)과 화상디자인을 출원하였다. 반면 라인은 모든 캐릭터를 출원하기보다는 등록이 필요할 상품을 출원하는 전략을 택한 것으로 보인다. 이러한 분석 결과를 바탕으로 효율적인 권리 획득 전략을 제안하였다. It is important for a character designer to get legal protection of its character. Existing studies regarding protection of character are somewhat abstract to practical questions on how to obtain such legal protection and which route should be taken. This study suggested an effective method for protection of characters to designers. For this, the relevant laws for protection of charaters are first discussed. Subsequently, Kakao and Line characters, which can be seen as representative examples of commercially successful characters, were selected as the subject of study and analyzed. Specifically, laws for protection of character include the Copyright law, and the Intellectual Property laws such as the Trademark law and the Design right law. Therefore, first what aspect of characters is protected by the relevant laws are summarized here, and based on the understanding of the laws, the details of copyrights, trademarks, and designs of Kakao and Line’s characters are analyzed and the results are provided. 1)As for copyright, Kakao obtained registration of all its characters, and Line obtained registration of BT21 as its second published character group but took a passive attitude toward Line Friends as its first character group. 2)As for Trademark, several types exist, and this article addressed word mark, figurative mark, and composite trademark. Kakao seems to have undergone trial and error about its first character group, Kakao Friends, but obtained word mark and figurative mark of all characters of Niniz as its second character group. Line showed a passive attitude toward word mark and figurative mark as well as copyright, but obtained composite trademark for all its characters. 3)As for design right, Kakao filed applications of all characters by making them 3-dimentional structures while designating toy and graphic design on display panel as the products using the character. On the contrary, Line seems to have taken strategy to file applications of only the products that need registration of right, rather than obtaining of rights for all its characters. Effective strategy for obtaining rights was suggested in this article based on the analysis results above.

Effect of Herbal Preparation HemoHIM on Fatigue Level and Exercise Performance

Jiwon Seo,Jun Hyun Bae,Shu Jiang,Chaeyoung Shin,Soyoung Ahn,Yunho Sung,Donghyun Kim,Seul-Ki Kim,Hak Sung Lee,Wook Song 한국식품영양과학회 2022 한국식품영양과학회 학술대회발표집 Vol.2022 No.10

[Social Capital And Family Resource Management] The Effects of Social Capital on the Economic Well Being of the Middle Aged and the Elderly Households in Korea

Jiwon Seo 가정과삶의질학회 2011 한국가정관리학회 학술발표대회 자료집 Vol.2011 No.5

Visible light-photosensitized oxidation of organic pollutants using amorphous peroxo-titania

Seo, Jiwon,Lee, Hongshin,Lee, Hye-Jin,Kim, Min Sik,Hong, Seok Won,Lee, Jaesang,Cho, Kangwoo,Choi, Wonyong,Lee, Changha Elsevier 2018 Applied Catalysis B Vol.225 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Amorphous peroxo-titania (denoted as Am-peroxo-TiO<SUB>2</SUB>), synthesized in this study by a facile method, demonstrated photochemical activity for the oxidation of organic pollutants under visible light illumination (λ > 400 nm). Am-peroxo-TiO<SUB>2</SUB> was synthesized by a one-step sol-gel method using titanium isopropoxide and hydrogen peroxide (H<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>2</SUB>) at room temperature and atmospheric pressure. The material produced was a yellow powdered precipitate; the measurement of diffuse reflectance confirmed light absorption of up to 600 nm. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy revealed that Am-peroxo-TiO<SUB>2</SUB> forms aggregates of small nanoparticles (ca < 10 nm). The surface peroxo-groups (Ti-OOH or Ti-OO-Ti) were characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Visible light-illuminated Am-peroxo-TiO<SUB>2</SUB> completely degraded 10 μM 4-chlorophenol (4–CP) in 4 h. The photochemical activity of Am-peroxo-TiO<SUB>2</SUB> was selective to the target organic compound. Experiments using scavengers and probes of reactive oxidants revealed that reactive oxygen species such as hydroxyl and superoxide radicals are not responsible for the degradation of organic compounds. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry showed that 4–CP was oxidized to produce 4-chlorocatechol, hydroquinone, and benzoquinone as primary products. The results suggest that oxidation is initiated by electron abstraction or hydroxylation by the photogenerated reactive intermediates on the peroxo surface. Am-peroxo-TiO<SUB>2</SUB> was stable under both dark and illuminated conditions in the absence of organic compounds. Importantly, in the presence of organic compounds, the photochemical activity of Am-peroxo-TiO<SUB>2</SUB> gradually decreased. Further, platinization enhanced the photochemical activity as well as the stability of Am-peroxo-TiO<SUB>2</SUB>.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Amorphous peroxo-titania was synthesized by a facile method using H<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>2</SUB>. </LI> <LI> The material showed visible light photo-activity for selective oxidation of organics. </LI> <LI> Organic pollutants were oxidized by charge-separated peroxo species. </LI> <LI> Platinization enhanced the photo-activity as well as the stability of the material. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

Photocatalytic degradation of organic compounds by 2-ethylimidazole-treated titania under visible light illumination

Seo, Jiwon,Jeong, Junyoung,Lee, Changha Techno-Press 2019 Membrane Water Treatment Vol.10 No.3

Titania modified by 2-ethylimidazole (2-EI) (denoted as <TEX>$2-EI-TiO_2$</TEX>) demonstrated visible light photocatalytic activity for the degradation of organic compounds. <TEX>$2-EI-TiO_2$</TEX> was a bright brown powder that exhibited similar crystallinity and morphology with the control <TEX>$TiO_2$</TEX>. A diffuse reflectance spectrum indicated that <TEX>$2-EI-TiO_2$</TEX> absorbs visible light of all wavelengths. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) confirmed the cationic state of nitrogen species (e.g. Ti-O-N) on the surface of <TEX>$2-EI-TiO_2$</TEX>. Visible light-illuminated <TEX>$2-E</TEX><TEX>I-TiO_2$</TEX> degraded <TEX>$10{\mu}M$</TEX> 4-chlorophenol (4-CP) by approximately 85% in 4 h. The photochemical activity of <TEX>$2-EI-TiO_2$</TEX> was selective in targeting the organic compound. The repeated use of <TEX>$2-EI-TiO_2$</TEX> decreased the photocatalytic activity for the 4-CP degradation. Experiments using radical scavengers and oxidant probes revealed that the oxidation by photogenerated holes is responsible for the degradation of organic compounds by illuminated <TEX>$2-EI-TiO_2$</TEX> and the role of <TEX>$^{\bullet}OH$</TEX> is negligible.

Large discrepancy between unobserved automated office blood pressure and ambulatory blood pressure in a high cardiovascular risk cohort

Seo, Jiwon,Lee, Chan Joo,Oh, Jaewon,Lee, Sang-Hak,Kang, Seok-Min,Park, Sungha Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved. 2019 Journal of Hypertension Vol.37 No.1

OBJECTIVES:: Automated office blood pressure (AOBP) measurement has been shown to eliminate the white-coat effect and to be more concordant with ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) and home blood pressure (BP) measurements. This study aimed to compare AOBP with ABPM in patients with a high cardiovascular risk. METHODS AND RESULTS:: Participants were recruited from a prospective cohort study (Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Etiology Research Center-High Risk Cohort, clinicaltrials.gov: NCT02003781). A total of 1208 persons who had undergone both AOBP and ABPM within 7 days of each other were analyzed. The 95% limits of agreement between systolic AOBP and daytime ABPM SBP were −34.8 and 20.2 mmHg (mean difference = −7.3 ± 14.0). The mean differences in blood pressure across quintiles of AOBP distributions increased with decreasing systolic AOBP [−17.8 ± 11.2 (Q1, systolic AOBP <113 mmHg), −10.9 ± 11.1 (Q2, systolic AOBP 113–121 mmHg), −8.5 ± 10.7 (Q3, systolic AOBP 121–128 mmHg), −4.2 ± 11.8 (Q4, systolic AOBP 128–137 mmHg), 4.9 ± 14.2 (Q5, systolic AOBP >137 mmHg), P < 0.001]. The prevalence of masked hypertension phenomena was 310 (25.7%) and that of white-coat hypertension phenomena was 102 (8.4%). Large discrepancies were significantly associated with lower systolic AOBP, higher atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk score, and history of asymptomatic cardiovascular disease. CONCLUSION:: The lower range of systolic AOBP exhibited a large discrepancy with daytime ABPM SBP. Moreover, higher cardiovascular risk was independently associated with larger discrepancy between AOBP and ABPM. The status of blood pressure control should be confirmed using out-of-office blood pressure measurements, even when using AOBP as a clinical BP reference in high-risk patients.

Mimicry of Natural Peptides Using Peptoids

Jiwon Seo(서지원) 한국고분자학회 2022 한국고분자학회 학술대회 연구논문 초록집 Vol.47 No.2

Pulmonary Infectious Endarteritis Associated With Patent Ductus Arteriosus

Seo Yeon Gwak,Iksung Cho,Chi Young Shim,Geu-Ru Hong,Jiwon Seo 한국심초음파학회 2022 Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging (J Cardiovasc Im Vol.30 No.4

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Future Dual-Frequency GPS Navigation System for Intelligent Air Transportation Under Strong Ionospheric Scintillation

Jiwon Seo,Walter, Todd IEEE 2014 IEEE transactions on intelligent transportation sy Vol.15 No.5

<P>GPS technology is essential for future intelligent air transportation systems such as the Next Generation Air Transportation System (NextGen) of the United States. However, observed deep and frequent amplitude fading of GPS signals due to ionospheric scintillation can be a major concern in expanding GPS-guided aviation to the equatorial area where strong scintillation is expected. Current civil GPS airborne avionics track signals at a single frequency (L1 frequency) alone because it was the only civil signal available in the frequency band for aviation applications. The first GPS Block IIF satellite was launched in May 2010. This next-generation satellite transmits a new civil signal at the L5 frequency, which can be used for air transportation. This paper investigates a possible improvement in the availability of GPS-based aircraft landing guidance down to 200 ft above the runway, which is also known as Localizer Performance with Vertical Guidance (LPV) 200, under strong ionospheric scintillation when dual-frequency signals are available. Based on the availability study, this paper proposes and justifies a GPS aviation receiver performance standard mandating fast reacquisition after a very brief signal outage due to scintillation. In order to support a temporary single-frequency operation under a single-frequency loss due to scintillation, a new vertical protection level (VPL) equation is proposed and justified. With this new performance requirement and new VPL equation in place, 99% availability of LPV-200 would be attainable, rather than 50% at the current standards, even under the severe scintillation scenarios considered in this paper.</P>

EID Observer based Reinforcement Learning Control for a Rotary Inverted Pendulum

Jiwon Seo(서지원),Sesun You(유세선),Kwankyun Byeon(변관균),Wonhee Kim(김원희) 대한전기학회 2023 정보 및 제어 심포지엄 논문집 Vol.2023 No.10