Crocetin Induces Cytotoxicity in Colon Cancer Cells Via p53-independent Mechanisms

Li, Cai-Yan,Huang, Wen-Feng,Wang, Qun-Li,Wang, Fan,Cai, E.,Hu, Bing,Du, Jia-Cheng,Wang, Jing,Chen, Rong,Cai, Xiao-Jing,Feng, Jing,Li, Hui-Hui Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2012 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.13 No.8

Objective: Crocin has been proposed as a promising candidate for cancer chemoprevention. The purpose of this investigation was to investigate the chemopreventive action and the possible mechanisms of crocin against human colon cancer cells in vitro. Methods: Cell proliferation was examined using MTT assay and the cell cycle distribution fractions were analyzed using fow cytometric analysis after propidium iodide staining. Apoptosis was detected using theTUNEL Apoptosis Detection Kit with laser scanning confocal microscope. DNA damage was assessed using the alkaline single-cell gel electrophoresis assay, while expression levels of p53, cdk2, cyclinA and P21 were examined by Western blot analysis. Results: Treatment of SW480 cells with crocetin (0.2, 0.4, 0.8 mmol/L) for 48 h signifcantly inhibited their proliferation in a concentration-dependent manner. Crocetin (0.8 mmol/L) signifcantly induced cell cycle arrest through p53-independent mechanisms accompanied by P21 induction. Crocetin (0.8 mmol/L) caused cytotoxicity in the SW480 cells by enhancing apoptosis and decreasing DNA repair capacity in a time-dependent manner. Conclusions: This report provides evidence that crocetin is a potential anticancer agent, which may be used as a chemotherapeutic drug.

Ebb-and-Flow of Macroautophagy and Chaperone-Mediated Autophagy in Raji Cells Induced by Starvation and Arsenic Trioxide

Li, Cai-Li,Wei, Hu-Lai,Chen, Jing,Wang, Bei,Xie, Bei,Fan, Lin-Lan,Li, Lin-Jing Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.14

Autophagy is crucial in the maintenance of homeostasis and regenerated energy of mammalian cells. Macroautophagy and chaperone-mediated autophagy(CMA) are the two best-identified pathways. Recent research has found that in normal cells, decline of macroautophagy is appropriately parallel with activation of CMA. However, whether it is also true in cancer cells has been poorly studied. Here we focused on cross-talk and conversion between macroautophagy and CMA in cultured Burkitt lymphoma Raji cells when facing serum deprivation and exposure to a toxic compound, arsenic trioxide. The results showed that both macroautophagy and CMA were activated sequentially instead of simultaneously in starvation-induced Raji cells, and macroautophagy was quickly activated and peaked during the first hours of nutrition deprivation, and then gradually decreased to near baseline. With nutrient deprivation persisted, CMA progressively increased along with the decline of macroautophagy. On the other hand, in arsenic trioxide-treated Raji cells, macroautophagy activity was also significantly increased, but CMA activity was not rapidly enhanced until macroautophagy was inhibited by 3-methyladenine, an inhibitor. Together, we conclude that cancer cells exhibit differential responses to diverse stressor-induced damage by autophagy. The sequential switch of the first-aider macroautophagy to the homeostasis-stabilizer CMA, whether active or passive, might be conducive to the adaption of cancer cells to miscellaneous intracellular or extracellular stressors. These findings must be helpful to understand the characteristics, compensatory mechanisms and answer modes of different autophagic pathways in cancer cells, which might be very important and promising to the development of potential targeting interventions for cancer therapies via regulation of autophagic pathways.

Light and Temperature Effects on the Color and Scent of Osmanthus fragrans ‘Houban Yingui’

Xuan Cai,Jie Yang,Xiangling Zeng,Jing-Jing Zou 한국원예학회 2022 원예과학기술지 Vol.40 No.6

External environmental factors affect the appearance of plants, specifically their color and aroma. To investigate the effects of environmental factors on the ornamental quality of Osmanthus fragrans, which has bright colors and a strong floral fragrance, the contents of characteristic flower color and aroma compounds under different light and temperature treatments were investigated in O. fragrans ‘Houban Yingui’. The content of the characteristic color compound β-carotene decreased after continuous light treatment and increased after continuous dark treatment, resulting in a paler color under light conditions and a deeper color under dark conditions. The volatiles of the flowers significantly decreased under both continuous light and continuous dark treatments, suggesting that the rhythm of alternating day and night may be more conducive to the synthesis and release of volatiles. In a low-temperature treatment, the contents of β-carotene decreased, resulting in a brighter color, while a high temperature may affect the flower color appearance by oxidation of phenolic compounds in addition to pigments. A high temperature accelerated flower senescence and promoted the release of cis-3-hexenyl butanoate and hexyl butanoate. A low temperature increased the release of trans-β-ionone, α-ionone, and many monoterpenes and corresponding oxides, which are aroma-active compounds of O. fragrans, resulting in a longer-lasting floral fragrance. The results here demonstrate that controlling the environmental conditions of the tem- perature and light can regulate the color and scent of O. fragrans.

东北亚地区海洋文化观的建构与思考

蔡静(Cai Jing) 동북아시아문화학회 2009 동북아시아문화학회 국제학술대회 발표자료집 Vol.2009 No.5월

This article mainly discusses three kinds of main ideas about Sea Culture in Northeast Asia:a new view of Ecology based on "sustainable development" ; a new view of whole and systematic as well as intrinsic Development ; a new view of culture from one-way outlet to two-way interaction and communication, from thought and communication to self-conscious.

Insulin Resistance Reduces Sensitivity to Cis-Platinum and Promotes Adhesion, Migration and Invasion in HepG2 Cells

Li, Lin-Jing,Li, Guang-Di,Wei, Hu-Lai,Chen, Jing,Liu, Yu-Mei,Li, Fei,Xie, Bei,Wang, Bei,Li, Cai-Li Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.7

The liver is normally the major site of glucose metabolism in intact organisms and the most important target organ for the action of insulin. It has been widely accepted that insulin resistance (IR) is closely associated with postoperative recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the relationship between IR and drug resistance in liver cancer cells is unclear. In the present study, IR was induced in HepG2 cells via incubation with a high concentration of insulin. Once the insulin-resistant cell line was established, the stability of HepG2/IR cells was further tested via incubation in insulin-free medium for another 72h. Afterwards, the biological effects of insulin resistance on adhesion, migration, invasion and sensitivity to cis-platinum (DDP) of cells were determined. The results indicated that glucose consumption was reduced in insulin-resistant cells. In addition, the expression of the insulin receptor and glucose transportor-2 was downregulated. Furthermore, HepG2/IR cells displayed markedly enhanced adhesion, migration, and invasion. Most importantly, these cells exhibited a lower sensitivity to DDP. By contrast, HepG2/IR cells exhibited decreased adhesion and invasion after treatment with the insulin sensitizer pioglitazone hydrochloride. The results suggest that IR is closely related to drug resistance as well as adhesion, migration, and invasion in HepG2 cells. These findings may help explain the clinical observation of limited efficacy for chemotherapy on a background of IR, which promotes the invasion and migration of cancer cells.

Big Enterprise Tax Risk Management: Warning, Simulation and Application

De-fa Cai,Nan-nan Ni,Jing Cai 보안공학연구지원센터 2015 International Journal of u- and e- Service, Scienc Vol.8 No.4

Currently, the construction of “promoting tax compliance as the goal, the risk management as the guidance, taking the information tube tax and the hierarchical classification as the basis, set up tax services, risk monitoring, risk response to the new tax management system”, this tax sources of specialized management model has become the direction of the reform of tax system, tax risk management as a new concept received extensive attention of tax authorities. Big enterprises are of the characteristics of small numbers, large scales, huge taxes and contributions, which is the core of tax collecting management. To strengthen the tax risk management ideas, and to direct taxpayers to perfect the inner tax control system are the important measures to implement individual services and pertinent management. This paper presents a flow chart of tax risk control and the four models: the identification model, the measurement model, the response model, the evaluation model, and simulation applications. Here, we take value-added tax as an example. In 2013, China's domestic value-added tax revenue is 2.8803 trillion yuan, accounting for 26% of the total income tax revenue, is one of China's current major taxes. Therefore, based on the data in the CTAIS to analyze the tax burden, and constructs the VAT tax burden warming system, is the effective measures to keep the rapid growth of VAT.

Prognostic Values of Various Clinical Factors and Genetic Subtypes for Diffuse Large B-cell lymphoma Patients: A Retrospective Analysis of 227 Cases

Zhou, De,Xie, Wan-Zhuo,Hu, Ke-Yue,Huang, Wei-Jia,Wei, Guo-Qing,He, Jing-Song,Shi, Ji-Min,Luo, Yi,Li, Li,Zhu, Jing-Jing,Zhang, Jie,Lin, Mao-Fang,Ye, Xiu-Jin,Cai, Zhen,Huang, He Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2013 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.14 No.2

Aim: To analyze the significance of different clinical factors for prognostic prediction in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) patients. Methods: Two hundred and twenty-seven DLBCL patients were retrospectively reviewed. Patients were managed with cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone (CHOP) regimen or rituximab plus the CHOP (RCHOP) regimen. Results: Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), ${\beta}2$-microglobulin (${\beta}2$-M), B symptoms, Ann Arbor stage and genetic subtypes were statistically relevant in predicting the prognosis of the overall survival (OS). In the CHOP group, the OS in patients with germinal center B-cell-like (GCB)(76.2%) was significantly higher than that of the non-GCB group (51.9%, P=0.032). With RCHOP management, there was no statistical difference in OS between the GCB (88.4%) and non-GCB groups (81.9%, P=0.288). Conclusion: Elevated LDH and ${\beta}2$-M levels, positive B symptoms, Ann Arbor stage III/IV, and primary nodal lymphoma indicate an unfavorable prognosis of DLBCL patients. Patients with GCB-like DLBCL have a better prognosis than those with non-GCB when treated with the CHOP regimen. The RCHOP treatment with the addition of rituximab can improve the prognosis of patients with DLBCL.

Structural time-varying damage detection using synchrosqueezing wavelet transform

Jing-Liang Liu,Zuo-Cai Wang,Wei-Xin Ren,Xing-Xin Li 국제구조공학회 2015 Smart Structures and Systems, An International Jou Vol.15 No.1

This paper proposed a structural time-varying damage detection method by using synchrosqueezing wavelet transform. The instantaneous frequencies of a structure with time-varying damage are first extracted using the synchrosqueezing wavelet transform. Since the proposed synchrosqueezing wavelet transform is invertible, thus each individual component can be reconstructed and the modal participation factor ratio can be extracted based on the amplitude of the analytical signals of the reconstructed individual components. Then, the new time-varying damage index is defined based on the extracted instantaneous frequencies and modal participation factor ratio. Both free and forced vibrations of a classical Duffing nonlinear system and a simply supported beam structure with abrupt and linear time-varying damage are simulated. The proposed synchrosqueezing wavelet transform method can successfully extract the instantaneous frequencies of the damaged structures under free vibration or vibration due to earthquake excitation. The results also show that the defined time-varying damage index can effectively track structural time-varying damage.

Comparative study of the sublethal effects of indoxacarb on juvenile hormone titer and juvenile hormone esterase mRNA expression of Nilaparvata lugens and Chilo suppressalis in rice

Jing-Lan Liu,Zhenghui Li,Hong-Mei Zhang,Haitao Du,Xu Ding,Yaodong Zhou,Jin-Cai Wu,AndrewWong 한국응용곤충학회 2017 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.20 No.2

Both the rice stem borer, Chilo suppressalis, and the brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens are important rice pests. The study is a comparative analysis on the effects of indoxacarb on the pest's juvenile hormone (JH) titer and juvenile hormone esterase (JHE) mRNA expression. RT-PCR and RACE were used to amplify the full length Csjhe (JHE of C. suppressalis) cDNA fromC. suppressalis. The full length cDNA is 1841 bp in length and contains a 1734 bp open reading encoding 577 amino acid residues. An amino acid sequence alignment shows that Csjhe shares high identity with other three other lepidopterans homologues including Manduca sexta, Bombyx mori, and Choristoneura fumiferana. JH III titer in 4th instar larvae of C. suppressalis was significantly reduced with 0.1, 0.2, 0.4 and 0.8 g/L indoxacarb, which were decreased by 11.0%, 22.3%, 32.0% and 37.7% respectively, the expression levels of Csjhe mRNA were 1.38, 1.92 and 5.25 times the control levels in 4th instar larvae with 0.2, 0.4 and 0.8 g/L indoxacarb. Similarly, all of the tested concentrations of indoxacarb caused a significant decrease in JH III titer of N. lugens adult females after indoxacarb treatments, Nljhe (JHE of N. lugens)mRNAaverage expression levels were 4.8, 5.0 and 4.4 times before mating and 6.5, 7.6 and 5.3 times after mating compared to the control at 1, 3 and 5 days, respectively. The comparative studies of the effects of indoxacarb on JH III titer and JHE mRNA further have a significance to a guided integrated pest management.

Dynamic analysis and load-sharing characteristic of multiple pinion drives in tunnel boring machine

Jing Wei,Qinchao Sun,Wei Sun,Jin Cai,Jin Zeng 대한기계학회 2013 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.27 No.5

A dynamic model of multi-gear drive in a tunnel boring machine is demonstrated in this study in which the effects of inertia on the driving mechanism and cutter head are considered. With the nonlinear coupling factors between the ring gear and multiple pinions considered,a dynamic analysis of multiple pinion drives is conducted, and their load-sharing characteristic is proposed. The load-sharing coefficients at different rotating cutter head speeds and input torques are determined and are found to reach up to 1.2-1.3. A simulated experimental platform of multiple pinion drives is performed, and subsequent torque distributions are measured under step load in the driving shaft of pinions. An imbalance in torque distribution of pinions is verified, and the load-sharing coefficients in each pinion can reach 1.262. Torque load fluctuation is regarded as system noise that can directly be coupled into the control system in the control strategy.