Cordyceps militaris fungus mediated Zinc Oxide nanoparticles for the photocatalytic degradation of Methylene blue dye

Li, Jin Feng,Rupa, Esrat Jahan,Hurh, Joon,Huo, Yue,Chen, Ling,Han, Yaxi,Ahn, Jong chan,Park, Jin Kyu,Lee, Hyun A.,Mathiyalagan, Ramya,Yang, Deok-Chun Elsevier 2019 Optik Vol.183 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Zinc Oxide nanoparticles were synthesized via co precipitation methods from <I>Cordyceps militaris</I> fungus. In this method zinc nitrate hex- hydrate were used as a precursor. The Synthesized nanoparticles were characterized through different analytical method for identification of morphology, size, crystallinity and also purity. The nanoparticles gave highest peak at 350 in Uv–vis spectroscopy which confirmed the formation of <I>Cordyceps</I> zinc oxide nanoparticles. The Field emission transmission electron microscopy (FE-TEM) analyzed the morphology, purity and elemental distribution of the nanoparticles. The X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) study explored the size is about 10.15 nm. Finally, the functional group of plant and nanoparticles were identified using FT-IR analyzer. The <I>Cordyceps militaris</I> zinc oxide nanoparticles have ability to degrade hazardous dye Methylene blue about 97% in the presence of Uv-radiation. So this study emphasizes that the <I>Cordyceps militaris</I> zinc oxide nanoparticles can be the best photo catalyst for the safety of our environment from dangerous water pollution.</P>

Kinetics of a Cloned Special Ginsenosidase Hydrolyzing 3-O-Glucoside of Multi-Protopanaxadiol-Type Ginsenosides, Named Ginsenosidase Type 3

( Xue Feng Jin ),( Hong Shan Yu ),( Dong Ming Wang ),( Ting Qiang Liu ),( Chun Ying Liu ),( Dong Shan An ),( Wan Taek Im ),( Song Gun Kim ),( Feng Xie Jin ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2012 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.22 No.3

In this paper, the kinetics of a cloned special glucosidase, named ginsenosidase type III hydrolyzing 3-O-glucoside of multi-protopanaxadiol (PPD)-type ginsenosides, were investigated. The gene (bgpA) encoding this enzyme was cloned from a Terrabacter ginsenosidimutans strain and then expressed in E. coli cells. Ginsenosidase type III was able to hydrolyze 3-O-glucoside of multi-PPD-type ginsenosides. For instance, it was able to hydrolyze the 3- O-β-D-(1→2)-glucopyranosyl of Rb1 to gypenoside XVII, and then to further hydrolyze the 3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl of gypenoside XVII to gypenoside LXXV. Similarly, the enzyme could hydrolyze the glucopyranosyls linked to the 3-O- position of Rb2, Rc, Rd, Rb3, and Rg3. With a larger enzyme reaction Km value, there was a slower enzyme reaction speed; and the larger the enzyme reaction Vmax value, the faster the enzyme reaction speed was. The Km values from small to large were 3.85 mM for Rc, 4.08 mM for Rb1, 8.85 mM for Rb3, 9.09 mM for Rb2, 9.70 mM for Rg3(S), 11.4 mM for Rd and 12.9 mM for F2; and Vmax value from large to small was 23.2 mM/h for Rc, 16.6 mM/h for Rb1, 14.6 mM/h for Rb3, 14.3 mM/h for Rb2, 1.81mM/h for Rg3(S), 1.40 mM/h for Rd, and 0.41 mM/h for F2. According to the Vmax and Km values of the ginsenosidase type III, the hydrolysis speed of these substrates by the enzyme was Rc>Rb1>Rb3>Rb2>Rg3(S)>Rd>F2 in order.

Traditional Chinese medicine for COVID-19 pandemic and emerging challenges: An online cross-sectional survey in China

Chun-Li Lu,Ruo-Xiang Zheng,Xue Xue,Xiao-Wen Zhang,Xue-Han Liu,Xin-Yan Jin,Feng-Lan Pu,Hui-Di Lan,Min Fang,Ling-Yao Kong,Merlin Willcox,Bertrand Graz,Joelle Houriet,Xiao-Yang Hu,Jian-ping Liu 한국한의학연구원 2021 Integrative Medicine Research Vol.10 No.-

Background We aimed to investigate use of infection control behaviours, preventative and therapeutic interventions, and outcomes among respondents to an online survey during the COVID-19 pandemic in China. Methods The survey was designed by an international team, translated and adapted to simplified Chinese, including 132 kinds of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) preparation recommended by guidelines. It was distributed and collected from February to May 2021, with data analysed by WPS spreadsheet and wjx.cn. Descriptive statistics were used to describe demographics and clinical characteristics, diagnosis, treatments, preventative behaviours and interventions, and their associated outcomes. Results The survey was accessed 503 times with 341 (67.8%) completions covering 23 provinces and four municipalities in China. Most (282/341, 82.7%) respondents reported no symptoms during the pandemic and the majority (290/341, 85.0%) reported having a SARS-CoV-2 PCR test at some point. Forty-five (13.2%) reported having a respiratory infection, among which 19 (42.2%) took one or more categories of modern medicine, e.g. painkillers, antibiotics; 16 (35.6%) used TCM interventions(s); while seven respondents combined TCM with modern medicine. All respondents reported using at least one behavioural or medical approach to prevention, with 22.3% taking TCM and 5.3% taking modern medicines. No respondents reported having a critical condition related to COVID-19. Conclusion We found evidence of widespread use of infection control behaviours, modern medicines and TCM for treatment and prevention of COVID-19 and other respiratory symptoms. Larger scale studies are warranted, including a more representative sample exploring TCM preparations recommended in clinical guidelines. Background We aimed to investigate use of infection control behaviours, preventative and therapeutic interventions, and outcomes among respondents to an online survey during the COVID-19 pandemic in China. Methods The survey was designed by an international team, translated and adapted to simplified Chinese, including 132 kinds of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) preparation recommended by guidelines. It was distributed and collected from February to May 2021, with data analysed by WPS spreadsheet and wjx.cn. Descriptive statistics were used to describe demographics and clinical characteristics, diagnosis, treatments, preventative behaviours and interventions, and their associated outcomes. Results The survey was accessed 503 times with 341 (67.8%) completions covering 23 provinces and four municipalities in China. Most (282/341, 82.7%) respondents reported no symptoms during the pandemic and the majority (290/341, 85.0%) reported having a SARS-CoV-2 PCR test at some point. Forty-five (13.2%) reported having a respiratory infection, among which 19 (42.2%) took one or more categories of modern medicine, e.g. painkillers, antibiotics; 16 (35.6%) used TCM interventions(s); while seven respondents combined TCM with modern medicine. All respondents reported using at least one behavioural or medical approach to prevention, with 22.3% taking TCM and 5.3% taking modern medicines. No respondents reported having a critical condition related to COVID-19. Conclusion We found evidence of widespread use of infection control behaviours, modern medicines and TCM for treatment and prevention of COVID-19 and other respiratory symptoms. Larger scale studies are warranted, including a more representative sample exploring TCM preparations recommended in clinical guidelines.

Photoelectrocatalytic Degradation of Dyes in Aqueous Solution Using CNT/TiO₂ Electrode

Feng-Jun Zhang,Jin Liu,Ming-Liang Chen,Won-Chun Oh 한국세라믹학회 2009 한국세라믹학회지 Vol.46 No.3

The effect of photoelectrocatalytic (PEC) degradation for different dyes with the CNT/TiO₂ electrode was studied. The prepared electrode was characterized with surface properties, structural crystallinity, elemental identification, and PEC activity. The N2 adsorption data showed that the composites had decreased surface area compared with the pristine CNT. This indicated the blocking of micropores on the surface of CNT, which was further supported by observation via FESEM. XRD patterns of the composites showed that the CNT/TiO₂ composite contained a mixing anatase and rutile phase. EDX spectra showed the presence of C, O and Ti peaks for all samples. The decomposition efifciency of the prepared electrode was evaluated by the PEC degradation of three dyes (methylene blue (MB), rhodamine B (RH.B), methyl orange (MO)). The variations of the FT-IR spectra and pH value of dye solutions were measured during the PEC system; it was found that the CNT/ TiO₂ electrode has better PEC degradation for MB solution than that of RH.B and MO. The proposed degradation mechanism was present.

An unusual cause of pneumonia: Strongyloides stercoralis infection

( Chun-jing Lu ),( Jin-yan Zhang ),( Wei-feng Huang ) 대한내과학회 2023 The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine Vol.38 No.5

Preparation of minor ginsenosides C-Mc, C-Y, F2, and C-K from American ginseng PPD-ginsenoside using special ginsenosidase type-I from Aspergillus niger g.848

Chun-Ying Liu,Rui-Xin Zhou,Chang-Kai Sun,Ying-Hua Jin,Hong-Shan Yu,Tian-Yang Zhang,Long-Quan Xu,Feng-Xie Jin 고려인삼학회 2015 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.39 No.3

Background: Minor ginsenosides, those having low content in ginseng, have higher pharmacological activities. To obtain minor ginsenosides, the biotransformation of American ginseng protopanaxadiol (PPD)-ginsenoside was studied using special ginsenosidase type-I from Aspergillus niger g.848. Methods: DEAE (diethylaminoethyl)-cellulose and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis were used in enzyme purification, thin-layer chromatography and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) were used in enzyme hydrolysis and kinetics; crude enzyme was used in minor ginsenoside preparation from PPD-ginsenoside; the products were separated with silica-gel-column, and recognized by HPLC and NMR (Nuclear Magnetic Resonance). Results: The enzyme molecular weight was 75 kDa; the enzyme firstly hydrolyzed the C-20 position 20- O-b-D-Glc of ginsenoside Rb1, then the C-3 position 3-O-b-D-Glc with the pathway Rb1/Rd/F2/C-K. However, the enzyme firstly hydrolyzed C-3 position 3-O-b-D-Glc of ginsenoside Rb2 and Rc, finally hydrolyzed 20-O-L-Ara with the pathway Rb2/C-O/C-Y/C-K, and Rc/C-Mc1/C-Mc/C-K. According to enzyme kinetics, Km and Vmax of MichaeliseMenten equation, the enzyme reaction velocities on ginsenosides were Rb1 > Rb2 > Rc > Rd. However, the pure enzyme yield was only 3.1%, so crude enzyme was used for minor ginsenoside preparation. When the crude enzyme was reacted in 3% American ginseng PPD-ginsenoside (containing Rb1, Rb2, Rc, and Rd) at 45C and pH 5.0 for 18 h, the main products were minor ginsenosides C-Mc, C-Y, F2, and C-K; average molar yields were 43.7% for CMc from Rc, 42.4% for C-Y from Rb2, and 69.5% for F2 and C-K from Rb1 and Rd. Conclusion: Four monomer minor ginsenosides were successfully produced (at low-cost) from the PPDginsenosides using crude enzyme.

Lycorine: A Potential Broad-Spectrum Agent Against Crop Pathogenic Fungi

( Jin Wen Shen ),( Yuan Ruan ),( Wei Ren ),( Bing Ji Ma ),( Xiao Long Wang ),( Chun Feng Zheng ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2014 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.24 No.3

A screening test showed that lycorine exhibited significant antifungal activity against 24 pathogenic crop fungi at concentrations of 500μg/ml and 100μg/ml, respectively. Fusarium graminearum was selected for antifungal mechanism studies by observing its mycelial morphology and investigating the variations in its conductivity. In addition, the substance absorption and metabolism of F. graminearum were explored. The mechanism was revealed as being one by which lycorine destroyed the cellular membrane and further influenced substance absorption and cell metabolism.

Twelve Weeks of Ledipasvir/Sofosbuvir for Patients with Chronic Hepatitis C Genotype 2 Infection: Integrated Analysis of Three Clinical Studies

( Chung-feng Huang ),( Yasuhiro Asahina ),( Chun-jen Liu ),( Edward Gane ),( Yoshito Itoh ),( Norifumi Kawada ),( Yoshiyuki Ueno ),( Jin Youn ),( Chen-yu Wang ),( Joe Llewellyn ),( Anu Osinusi ),( Jen 대한간학회 2018 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2018 No.1

Aims: HCV genotype (GT) 2 is the second most common genotype in several Asian countries including Taiwan and Korea. Treatment options for GT2 remain limited in these countries. The once-daily fixed-dose combination of ledipasvir/sofosbuvir (LDV/SOF) was evaluated for the treatment of GT 2, in patients with or without compensated cirrhosis, in three phase 2 and 3 studies. Methods: This was a retrospective analysis of subjects treated with LDV/SOF for 12 weeks in the GS-US-337-1655 (Taiwan), GS-US-337-1903 (Japan) and GS-US-1468 (New Zealand) studies. Subjects analyzed in this integrated analysis were either mono-infected with HCV GT2, or co-infected with HCV GT2 and HBV. The data was pooled and safety and efficacy were analyzed. Results: Overall 200 subjects were treated and analyzed; 88% of subjects were Asian, 46% male, 31% had prior treatment failure, 15% were cirrhotic, 25% were IL28B non-CC, 34% were 65 years or older and 22% (n=43) were co-infected with HBV. The overall SVR rate was 97% (194/200), and was 93% (27/29) among patients with cirrhosis and 97% (59/61) in patients who had failed previous therapy. Of the 197 patients with available testing; NS5A resistance-associated substitutions (RASs) were present in 86% (169/197) at baseline. SVR12 rate was 98% (165/169) in patients with baseline NS5A RASs compared with 100% (28/28) in patients without NS5A RASs. No new RASs emerged in patients with virologic failure. Treatment with LDV/SOF for 12 weeks was well tolerated. Overall the most common adverse events AEs were headache and nasopharyngitis. Few subjects experienced serious AEs, none of which were assessed as treatment related. One patient discontinued treatment due to AE. Conclusions: Treatment with LDV/SOF for 12 weeks is highly effective and well tolerated in patients with GT2 HCV infection, including patients who are treatment experienced and/or have compensated cirrhosis, baseline NS5A RASs and with HBV/HCV coinfection.

Preparation and Properties of Green Environment-Friendly Drilling Polymer Mud

Zhang, Feng-Jun,Sun, Xian-Yang,Li, Xuan,Kong, Cui,Liu, Jin,Chen, Qian-Bao,Oh, Won-Chun Materials Research Society of Korea 2019 한국재료학회지 Vol.29 No.11

In this paper, a water-based green polymer mud is synthesized by simple compounding method. Effects of different kinds of tackifiers, their molecular weight on the viscosity of polymer mud and the effects of different fluid loss additives on mud fluid loss are studied. The results show that when polystyrene and anionic polyacrylamide with molecular weight of 8 ~ 10 million are used as the main thickening ingredient, polymer mud with high viscosity and high stability can be obtained. When the prepared polymer mud is formulated as NPAM: PEO: Hydroxypropyl cellulose(HPC) : Water = 42:10:10:100000 (unit: kg), the viscosity can reach 20.6 s, the filtration loss in 7.5 min is 24 mL, and the sand content is only 0.1 %. Compared with traditional bentonite mud, the green environment-friendly polymer mud has the advantages of small amount of waste, low environmental pollution, and low pulping cost, and can meet the construction needs for most topography and geomorphology drilling engineering.

藍전果忍冬科技生産示範園的建立與硏究

안봉운 ( Feng Yun An ),현영남 ( Yong Nan Xuan ),안영희 ( Young Hee Ahn ),김미란 ( Mei Lan Jin ),요점춘 ( Zhan Chun Yao ),양금화 ( Jin Hua Liang ),주청선 ( Qing Xian Zhou ),렴성철 ( Cheng Zhe Lian ),황빙군 ( Bing Jun Huang ),소보군 한국녹지환경디자인학회 2008 녹지환경학회지 Vol.4 No.2

Lonicera caerulea L. var. edulis Turcz et Herd. with great nutrient and commercial edible value, is a kind of wild berry resource in regions of Changbai Moutains, China. Systematic cultivation technology for its large-scale production is developed and formation of cultivated land with area of 150 hectares is established. With high-yield technology, the production yield can be increased by twice. Systematic cultivation technology and establishment of technology demonstration garden lay the foundation for construction of production base and large-scale production of Lonicera caerulea L. var. edulis Turcz et Herd.