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Oral Delivery of Probiotics in Poultry Using pH-Sensitive Tablets
( Tao Jiang ),( Hui-shan Li ),( Geon Goo Han ),( Bijay Singh ),( Sang-kee Kang ),( Jin-duck Bok ),( Dae-duk Kim ),( Zhong-shan Hong ),( Yun-jaie Choi ),( Chong-su Cho ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2017 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.27 No.4
As alternatives to antibiotics in livestocks, probiotics have been used, although most of them in the form of liquid or semisolid formulations, which show low cell viability after oral administration. Therefore, suitable dry dosage forms should be developed for livestocks to protect probiotics against the low pH in the stomach such that the products have higher probiotics survivability. Here, in order to develop a dry dosage forms of probiotics for poultry, we used hydroxypropyl methylcellulose phthalate 55 (HPMCP 55) as a tablet-forming matrix to develop probiotics in a tablet form for poultry. Here, we made three different kinds of probiotics-loaded tablet under different compression forces and investigated their characteristics based on their survivability, morphology, disintegration time, and kinetics in simulated gastrointestinal fluid. The results indicated that the probiotics formulated in the tablets displayed higher survival rates in acidic gastric conditions than probiotics in solution. Rapid release of the probiotics from the tablets occurred in simulated intestinal fluid because of fast swelling of the tablets in neutral pH. As a matrix of tablet, HPMCP 55 provided good viability of probiotics after 6 months under refrigeration. Moreover, after oral administration of probiotics-loaded tablets to chicken, more viable probiotics were observed, than with solution type, through several digestive areas of chicken by the tablets.
Chlorogenic Acid-Enriched Extract of Ilex kudingcha C.J. Tseng Inhibits Angiogenesis in Zebrafish
Tao Zhong,Linghua Piao,김현정,Xian De Liu,Shengnan Jiang,Guomin Liu 한국식품영양과학회 2017 Journal of medicinal food Vol.20 No.12
Kudingcha is a particularly bitter tasting tea that has been widely used in China to eliminate fever and itching eyes, and to clear blood toxins. Kudingcha is considered of value for its potential anticancer effects that are attributed to the presence of characteristic bioactive ingredients. The chlorogenic acid (CGA) derivatives 3-0-caffeoylquinic acid, 5-0-caffeoylquinic acid, 3,5-0-dicaffeoylquinic acid, and 4,5-0-dicaffeoylquinic acid were separated from Ilex kudingcha C.J. Tseng extract by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)–photodiode array detector (PDA) and HPLC-nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). In Tg(flk1:EGFP) zebrafish embryos at 52 hours postfertilization (hpf), angiogenesis was significantly inhibited by kudingcha extract (KDCE) at concentrations of 400 and 500 μg/mL and CGA also showed significant inhibition in embryos treated with 80, 100, and 130 μg/mL. Endothelial cell apoptosis showed a dose-dependent increase in response to KDCE and CGA. CGA derivatives from KDCE could have potential as anticancer agents against tumor angiogenesis.
Xiao, Zhong-Yue,Ru, Yi,Sun, Jiang-Tao,Gao, She-Gan,Wang, Yu-Feng,Wang, Li-Dong,Feng, Xiao-Shan Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2012 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.13 No.1
Objective: To determine whether CDX2 and villin protein expression are associated with intestinal metaplasia (IM) in gastric cardiac mucosa and to explore the relationship with evolution of gastric cardiac adenocarcinoma (GCA). Methods: We studied 143 gastric cardiac biopsy or resection specimens from Henan province China, including 25 cardiac gastritis specimens with IM, 65 dysplasia specimens with IM and 35 gastric cardiac adenocarcinoma specimens and stained them for CDX2 and villin by the immunohistochemical SP method. 15 normal gastric cardiac biopsy specimens were also collected as control. Results: (1) Normal gastric mucosa presented no CDX2 and villin expression. The positive rates of CDX2 protein in cardiac gastritis with IM, dysplasia with IM, and carcinoma tissues were 84.0% (21/25), 66.7% (32/48) and 36.4% (20/55), respectively. While the positive rates of villin protein in cardiac gastritis with IM, dysplasia with IM, and carcinoma tissues were 76.0% (19/25), 70.8% (34/48) and 45.5% (25/55), respectively. There were significant differences among the three groups for both CDX2 and villin (P<0.01). Spearman's rank correlation coefficient(rho) showed a close correlation between the two proteins (r=0.843, P<0.01) and both were positively related with tumor differentiation (both P<0.05), but not associated with age, sex, invasion and metastasis of lymph node (P>0.05). Conclusion: Our results suggest that ectopic expression of CDX2 and villin may be involved in early-stage IM and tumorigenesis in gastric cardia and the expression of villin may be regulated by CDX2.
Generalized Likelihood Ratio Test For Cyclostationary Multi-Antenna Spectrum Sensing
( Guohui Zhong ),( Jiaming Guo ),( Daiming Qu ),( Tao Jiang ),( Jingchao Sun ) 한국인터넷정보학회 2014 KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Syst Vol.8 No.8
In this paper, a generalized likelihood ratio test (GLRT) is proposed for cyclostationary multi-antenna spectrum sensing in cognitive radio systems, which takes into account the cyclic autocorrelations obtained from all the receiver antennas and the cyclic cross-correlations obtained from all pairs of receiver antennas. The proposed GLRT employs a different hypotheses problem formulation and a different asymptotic covariance estimation method, which are proved to be more suitable for multi-antenna systems than those employed by the Dandawate-Giannakis algorithm. Moreover, we derive the asymptotic distributions of the proposed test statistics, and prove the constant false alarm rate property of the proposed algorithm. Extensive simulations are conducted, showing that the proposed GLRT can achieve better detection performance than the Dandawate-Giannakis algorithm and its extension for multi-antenna cases.
Transparent and Self-Powered Multistage Sensation Matrix for Mechanosensation Application
Zhang, Qian,Jiang, Tao,Ho, Donghae,Qin, Shanshan,Yang, Xixi,Cho, Jeong Ho,Sun, Qijun,Wang, Zhong Lin American Chemical Society 2018 ACS NANO Vol.12 No.1
<P>Electronic skin based on a multimodal sensing array is ready to detect various stimuli in different categories by utilizing highly sensitive materials, sophisticated geometry designs, and integration of multifunctional sensors. However, it is still difficult to distinguish multiple and complex mechanical stimuli in a local position by conventional multimodal E-skin, which is significantly important in the signals’ feedback of robotic fine motions and human–machine interactions. Here, we present a transparent, flexible, and self-powered multistage sensation matrix based on piezoelectric nanogenerators constructed in a crossbar design. Each sensor cell in the matrix comprises a layer of piezoelectric polymer sandwiched between two graphene electrodes. The simple lamination design allows sequential multistage sensation in one sensing cell, including compressive/tensile strain and detaching/releasing area. Further structure engineering on PDMS substrate allows the sensor cell to be highly sensitive to the applied pressures, representing the minimum sensing pressure below 800 Pa. As the basic combinations of compressive/tensile strains or detaching/releasing represent individual output signals, the proposed multistage sensors are capable of decoding to distinguish external complex motions. The proposed self-powering multistage sensation matrix can be used universally as an autonomous invisible sensory system to detect complex motions of the human body in local position, which has promising potential in movement monitoring, human–computer interaction, humanoid robots, and E-skins.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/ancac3/2018/ancac3.2018.12.issue-1/acsnano.7b06126/production/images/medium/nn-2017-06126z_0005.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/nn7b06126'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>
Meng, Dong,Sun, Dan,Zhong, Chengmei,Liu, Tao,Fan, Bingbing,Huo, Lijun,Li, Yan,Jiang, Wei,Choi, Hyosung,Kim, Taehyo,Kim, Jin Young,Sun, Yanming,Wang, Zhaohui,Heeger, Alan J. American Chemical Society 2016 JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY - Vol.138 No.1
<P>Non-fullerene acceptors have recently attracted tremendous interest because of their potential as alternatives to fullerene derivatives in bulk heterojunction organic solar cells. However, the power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) have lagged far behind those of the polymer/fullerene system, mainly because of the low fill factor (FF) and photocurrent. Here we report a novel perylene bisimide (PBI) acceptor, SdiPBI-Se, in which selenium atoms were introduced into the perylene core. With a well-established wide-band-gap polymer (PDBT-T1) as the donor, a high efficiency of 8.4% with an unprecedented high FF of 70.2% is achieved for solution-processed non-fullerene organic solar cells. Efficient photon absorption, high and balanced charge carrier mobility, and ultrafast charge generation processes in PDBT-T1:SdiPBI-Se films account for the high photovoltaic performance. Our results suggest that non-fullerene acceptors have enormous potential to rival or even surpass the performance of their fullerene counterparts.</P>
Yang Hui-Hui,Jiang Hui-Ling,Tao Jia-Hao,Zhang Chen-Yu,Xiong Jian-Bing,Yang Jin-Tong,Liu Yu-Biao,Zhong Wen-Jing,Guan Xin-Xin,Duan Jia-Xi,Zhang Yan-Feng,Liu Shao-Kun,Jiang Jian-Xin,Zhou Yong,Guan Cha-Xi 생화학분자생물학회 2022 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.54 No.-
Necroptosis is the major cause of death in alveolar epithelial cells (AECs) during acute lung injury (ALI). Here, we report a previously unrecognized mechanism for necroptosis. We found an accumulation of mitochondrial citrate (citratemt) in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated AECs because of the downregulation of Idh3α and citrate carrier (CIC, also known as Slc25a1). shRNA- or inhibitor–mediated inhibition of Idh3α and Slc25a1 induced citratemt accumulation and necroptosis in vitro. Mice with AEC-specific Idh3α and Slc25a1 deficiency exhibited exacerbated lung injury and AEC necroptosis. Interestingly, the overexpression of Idh3α and Slc25a1 decreased citratemt levels and rescued AECs from necroptosis. Mechanistically, citratemt accumulation induced mitochondrial fission and excessive mitophagy in AECs. Furthermore, citratemt directly interacted with FUN14 domain-containing protein 1 (FUNDC1) and promoted the interaction of FUNDC1 with dynamin-related protein 1 (DRP1), leading to excessive mitophagy-mediated necroptosis and thereby initiating and promoting ALI. Importantly, necroptosis induced by citratemt accumulation was inhibited in FUNDC1-knockout AECs. We show that citratemt accumulation is a novel target for protection against ALI involving necroptosis.
Cloning and Sequence Analysis of Glyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate Dehydrogenase Gene in Yak
Li, Sheng-Wei,Jiang, Ming-Feng,Liu, Yong-Tao,Yang, Tu-Feng,Wang, Yong,Zhong, Jin-Cheng Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2008 Animal Bioscience Vol.21 No.11
In order to study the biological function of gapdh gene in yak, and prove whether the gapdh gene was a useful intra-reference gene that can be given an important role in molecular biology research of yak, the cDNA sequence encoding glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase from yak was cloned by the RT-PCR method using gene specific PCR primers. The sequence results indicated that the cloned cDNA fragment (1,008 bp) contained a 1,002 bp open reading frame, encoding 333 amino acids (AAs) with a molecular mass of 35.753 kDa. The deduced amino acids sequence showed a high level of sequence identity to Bos Taurus (99.70%), Xenopus laevis (94.29%), Homo sapiens (97.01%), Mus musculus (97.90%) and Sus scrofa (98.20%). The expression of yak's gapdh gene in heart, spleen, kidney and brain tissues was also detected; the results showed that the gapdh gene was expressed in all these tissues. Further analysis of yak GAPDH amino acid sequence implied that it contained a complete glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase active site (ASCTTNCL) which ranged from 148 to 155 amino acid residues. It also contained two conserved domains, a NAD binding domain in its N-terminal and a complete catalytic domain of sugar transport in its C-terminal. The phylogenetic analysis showed that yak and Bos taurus were the closest species. The prediction of secondary structures indicated that GAPDH of yak had a similar secondary structure to other isolated GAPDH. The results of this study suggested that the gapdh gene of yak was similar to other species and could be used as the intra-reference to analyze the expression of other genes in yak.