과량의 방사선에 머리부분이 노출된 흰쥐 망막의 속핵층과 신경절세포의 미세구조변화

고정식,최숙경,양남길,안의태,박경호 순천향의학연구소 1995 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.1 No.2

이 실험은 머리부분이 많은 양이 방사선에 노출되었을 때, 망막 속핵층과 신경세포의 미세구조적 반응을 관찰하기 위하여 시행하였다. 실험동물로는 체중200-250g의 흰쥐를 사용하였으며, 마취상태에서 머리부분에만 방사선을 조사였다. 방사선조사는 선형가속기(Mitsubishi Linear Accelerator, ML-4MV)를 이용하였으며 1분당 200rad씩 연속 조사하여 3,000rad 또는 6,000rad를 조사한 후 6시간, 2일, 6일에 희생시켰다. 각 동물은 1% glutaradehyde- 1% paraformaldehyde액으로 관류고정한 다음, 안구를 적출하여 톱니둘레를 따라 절단한 후 망막의 일정부위에서 조직을 떼어내었다. 떼어낸 조직은 2.5% glutaradehyde- 1.5% paraformaldehyde 액에 일차고정한 다음 1% osmium tetroxide액에 이차 고정하였다. 고정된 조직은 수세와 탈수과정을 거쳐 araldite혼합액에 포매한 다음 얇은 절편을 작성하여 uranyl acetate와 lead citrate로 염색한 후 전자현미경으로 관찰하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 무축삭신경원은 세포질의 전자밀도가 높은 어두운 세포(type 3)와 전자밀도가 낮은 밝은 세포로 구분되었으며, 밝은 세포는 핵의 윤곽이 매끄럽고 둥근 세포(type 1)와 핵막의 함입현상이 뚜렷한 세포(type 2)로 구분되었다. 2. 3,000rad의 X-선을 조사한 후 6시간군의 경우, 속핵층을 구성하는 세포들과 신경절세포에서는 속핵층을 구성하는 세포들과 신경절세포에서는 사립체와 세포막이 파괴되는 모습이 관찰되었는데 2일군의 경우 그 경향이 가장 심했다. 3. 3,000rad의 X-선을 조사한 후 6일군의 경우, 부챗살아교세포의 영역이 넓어져서 전체적인 모습이 2일군의 것에 비하여 많이 회복되어 보였다. 4. 6,000rad의 X-선을 조사한 후 6일군의 경우, 속핵층을 구성하는 세포들이 기저복합체 근처에서 관찰되었다. 5. 6,000rad의 X-선을 조사한 후 6시간부터, 부챗살아교세포는 미세사가 많고 전자밀도가 높은 변성된 세포들이 자주 관찰되었다. 이상의 결과를 고찰해 보면 머리부분이 3,000rad의 X-선에 노출되면 망막의 속핵층을 구성하는 세포들과 신경절세포는 처음에는 새포질소기관들과 세포막이 손상을 받으나, 6일 후에는 부챗살아교세포의 영역이 넓어져서 전체적인 구조가 많이 회복된다. 그러나 6,000rad정도의 방사선에 노출되면 부챗살아교세포도 변성되어 속핵층과 신경절세포층의 구조가 변성된다고 생각된다. This experiment was performed to study the morphological responses of the cell of the inner nuclear layer and the ganglion cell of the rat retina following X-ray irradiation. Male rats were divided into normal and experimental groups. The heads of the rats, under sodium thiopental anesthesia, were exposed to 3,000rads or 6,000rads of radiation in a single dose, respectively. The source was a Mitsubishi linear accelerator ML-4MV. The target to skin distance was 80cm, and the dose rate was 200 rads/min. The experimental groups were sacrificed on 6hour, 2 and 6 days after X-ray irradiations. Under anesthesia, 1% glutaraldehyde-1% paraformaldehye solution was perfused through the heart. Pieces of the tissue taken from the posterior region of the retina were fixed in 2.5% glutaraldehyde-1.5% paraformaldehyde, and in 1% osmium tetroxide, and embedded in araldite mixture. Ultrathin sections were stained with uranyl acetate and lead citrate solutions and were observed with JEM 100CX-II electron microscope. The results were as follow: 1. Three type of amacrine cells were found, according to their electron densities and nuclear shape, i,e,dark amacrine cell with invaginated nucleus(type 3), light amacrine cell with round nucleus(type 1) and light amacrine cell wit invaginated nucleus(type 2). 2. Six hours after exposure to 3,000 rads of X-ray, morphological changes were observed in cytoplasm of the cells of the inner nuclear layer and the ganglion cell: i.e., edematous changes, fragmentation of mitochondria, breakdown of the plasma membrane, etc. 3. Six days after exposure to 3,000rads of X-ray, many of the malformations were seen to be repaired, except the territory of activated Muller cell. 4. Six days after exposure to 6.000 rads of X-ray, cells of the inner nuclear layer were observed near the Bruch's membrane. 5. Six days after exposure to 6.000 rads of X-ray, darkly degenerated Muller cells were frequently observed. From the above results it wluded that 3,000rads of head-irradiation induces damages to the cell organelles in the cells of the inner nuclear layer and the ganglion cell during the first few days, but many of the malformations can be repaired within six days. And 6,000rads of head irradiation leads to renaturation of the inner nuclear layer and the ganglion cell layer of the retina, since the most of the Muller cells are degenerated within a few days following irradiation.

국내산 과일 및 채소 추출물을 이용한 체중 조절 관련 기능성 식품소재 탐색

김인혜;김종배;조강진;황유진;황경아;고정숙;엄애선 한양대학교 2011 韓國 生活 科學 硏究 Vol.31 No.1

Obesity can be defined as a disorder of lipid metabolism and the control of this process is regulated by enzymes involved in lipid metabolic pathway. Obesity is also characterized increases in the number and size of adipocyte differentiated from fibroblastic pre-adipocytes in adipose tissue. The aim of this study was to screen ethanol extracts of 21 fruits and vegetables cultivated in Republic of Korea for identifying natural sources of lipase inhibitor and to investigate the effects of several extracts resulting in suppression of triglyceride (TG) accumulation in 3T3-L1 cells. Among the tested extracts, Diospyros kaki L. showed the highest contents of total sugar and the content of total phenolic compounds was detected 17 species while there was not detected in Ixeris dentate root and Allium fistulosum C. etc. We were screened 26 extracts of fruits and vegetables for pancreatic lipase inhibitory activity compared with orlistat. The strongest lipase inhibitory activities were shown by extract of Allium sativum L. stem, Allium sativum L. bulb, Apteryx australis, Diospyros kaki L. Malus Pumila, Perilla frutescens and Prunus mume regardless of concentrations treated. Eight extracts including Brassica juncea var. integrilolia had no effect on lipase inhibition. During the differentiation of 3T3-L1 preadipocyte to mature adipocyte, the cells were treated with carrier or 7 extracts(1, 5 and 10 ㎍/ml), which was shown to highest lipase inhibitory effects. We were quantified lipid contents secreted mature adipocytes and stained with Oil Red O. All cells treated with the Apteryx australis and Prunus mume significantly decreased TG contents than the control. These findings suggested that the screened fruit and vegetable could be a promising source as the effective and safe lipase inhibitors for isolating bioactive ingredients and developing functional foods.

대유행인플루엔자 대비를 위한 의료기관-바탕 탁상훈련 : 고안 및 평가

설희윤,김지량,권보란,목정하,이선희,곽임수,정진우,김정수,고옥배,조은희,김성순,신상숙,이상원 대한감염학회 2008 감염과 화학요법 Vol.40 No.2

목적 : 의료기관의 범유행 인플루엔자에 대한 효과적인 대비를 위한 훈련방법으로서 의료기관-바탕 탁상훈련 (hospital based tabletop exercise)의 유용성과 순응도를 평가하기 위해서 시행되었다. 재료 및 방법 : 탁상 훈련은 부산대학교 병원에서 시행되었으며 병원의 주요의사결정권자 및 주요부서 대표자, 실무자 42명이 지휘부, 진료부, 지원부 3그룹으로 나뉘어 훈련에 참가하였다 탁상훈련의 시나리오는 의료기관의 자체 훈련을 위해서 고안하였으며 현재 동남아에서 유행하고 있는 H5N1 인플루엔자가 국내에 처음으로 유입되어 확산되는 과정에서 의료기관에서 발생할 수 있는 상황을 3가지 모듈로 구성하였다. 훈련 평가는 훈련 전후에 각각 익명의 설문조사를 시행하였다. 결과 : 훈련에 초청된 참여자 42명 중 37명(88%)이 실제 당일 훈련에 참여하였다. 훈련에 참여한 37명의 직원 중에서 훈련 전 시행한 설문에 27명(73%)이 응답하였다. 훈련 전 정가에서는 훈련을 통해 획득하고 싶은 지식이나 기술의 우선 순위를 물었으며, 참여자들이 가장 중요하다고 생각하는 항목은 대유행인플루엔자 바이러스에 대한 지식 향상 22%, 병원 각 부서가 취해야 할 계획 및 의사소통과 관련된 지식 향상 19%, 지역사회 병원들 간의 상호협력을 향상시킬 전략 계발이 19%이었다. 그룹토의 동안에는 환자의 조기 발견 이후 대응에 대한 토론이 많았지만, 구체적인 부분이 미흡하였고, 대유행 인플루엔자에 대한 기본적인 이해가 부족하였다. 훈련에 참여한 37명의 직원 중에서 훈련 후 시행한 설문에 21명(57%)이 응답하였다. 훈련 후 평가에서 탁상훈련의 전반적인 만족도에 대한 질문에서 81%가 만족하였다고 답변을 하였고, 새로운 것을 배우는데 유용했는가 대한 질문에도 86%가 유용했다고 답변하였다. 결론 : 탁상훈련은 의료기관의 대유행인플루엔자 대비에 효과적인 훈련방법이라고 생각되며 훈련을 통해 의료기관 내의 여러 부서들이 각 의료기관의 특성에 맞는 현실적이고 실제적인 대비 계획을 수립하는데 도움을 줄 것으로 기대된다. 그러나 향후 토른 촉진, 구체적인 결과에 도달을 유도할 수 있는 질문, 끼워넣기 개발, 적절한 시간 등에 대한 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각된다. Background : To evaluate the usefulness and compliance of a hospital-based tabletop exercise in setting of pandemic influenza in hospitals. Materials and Methods : Tabletop exercise was held in Pusan National University Hospital and forty two hospital employees were invited to participate in the exercise. The scenario for hospital-based tabletop exercise was designed. It consisted of three modules, which simulated the influx and outbreak of H5N1 influenza that was epidemic in Southeast Asia. Pre-, post-exercise surveys were completed by anonymous questions. Results : Thirty-seven (88%) of 42 invited participants attended exercise. AII members of the administration group and the ancillary services group participated. But, only 77% members of the clinical services group participated. In pre-exercise survey, priorities of eight goals regarding skills and knowledge during exercise were inquired., The highest priorities pointed out by the respondents were "Increase the knowledge of pandemic influenza" (22%), "Development of strategies for optimal communication among employees within specific department" (19%) and "Development of strategies for improved coordination between facilities within the health system" (19%). Twenty-one (57%) of participants completed the post-exercise surveys. At post-exercise surveys, 81% of the participants stated that the tabletop exercise was extremely or very useful, 86% of the participants also stated that it increased their knowledge of pandemic influenza. Conclusion : Tabletop exercise is an effective modality for increasing pandemic influenza preparedness in hospitals, and this method is useful for guiding preparedness activities within the hospital environment. Further studies to determine the appropriate method of discussion, questionnaire, duration of exercise and injection are needed.

Comparison of Four Commercial ELISA Kits and In-House Immunoblotting for Diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori Infection

Jeong, Hoar Lim,Jung, Yang-Sook,Jun, Jin-Su,Yeom, Jung Sook,Park, Ji Sook,Seo, Ji-Hyun,Lim, Jae-Young,Park, Chan-Hoo,Woo, Hyang-Ok,Youn, Hee-Shang,Ko, Gyung-Hyuck,Baik, Seung-Chul,Lee, Woo-Kon,Cho, My The Korean Society of Pediatric Gastroenterology 2012 Pediatric gastroenterology, hepatology & nutrition Vol.15 No.2

Purpose: Commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits have been considered less reliable for children than for adults. The aim of this study was to compare four ELISA kits and in-house immunoblotting based on the analysis of anti-H. pylori-IgG antibody reactivity. Methods: A total of 399 serum samples were collected at the GNU Hospital during 1998-1999. All sera were tested using ELISA and immunoblotting. Statistically significant differences were determined by the $x^2$ test. Results: The overall seropositivity rates using GAP IgG, Genedia IgG, HM-CAP, Pyloriset EIA-G, and immunoblotting were 13.0%, 25.1%, 18.3%, 15.8%, and 62.9%, respectively. Immunoblotting showed a higher seropositivity rate than did all four ELISA kits in all age groups. Genedia IgG had the highest seropositivity among the ELISA kits. The seropositivity rate for children aged 13 to 18 months was lowest, and that of children aged 15 years was highest (90.0%). The seropositivity rate for children aged 7 months to 5 years was significantly lower than that for children aged 6 to 15 years among the four ELISA kits (p<0.0001) and immunoblotting (p=0.02). Conclusion: Immunoblotting is the most sensitive test for detection of anti-Helicobacter pylori IgG antibodies among the serological tests in this study. These results emphasize the need for standardization when commercial ELISA tests are used in different nations or in young age groups. Immunoblotting could be a suitable noninvasive assay for serodiagnosis and seroepidemiologic study of H. pylori infection in Korean children.

Effective In vitro Propagation from Leaf Segment Culture of Mentha × piperita var. citrata

Jeong-Ae Ko,Jeong-Ran Choi,Young-Sook Kim,Hak-Bong Park,Hyung-Moo Kim,Hyun-Soon Kim 한국원예학회 2006 한국원예학회 기타간행물 Vol.- No.-

Induction of Bulb Scale and Plant Regeneration in Lilium tsingtauense GILG Using Immature Embryos and Intact Seedlings

Jeong Ae Ko(고정애),Hyun Soon Kim(김현순),Young Sook Kim(김영숙),Min Jeong Song(송민정) 한국원예학회 2002 한국원예학회 학술발표요지 Vol.2002 No.3

산간지마을 농촌 주민의 사회관계망 분석

고정숙(Jeong-Sook Ko),조영숙(Young-Sook Cho),조강진(Kang Jin Cho) 한국지역사회생활과학회 2009 한국지역사회생활과학회 학술대회 자료집 Vol.2009 No.5

농촌마을 주민의 경제생활실태 연구

고정숙 ( Jeong Sook Ko ) 한국농촌지도학회 2006 농촌지도와 개발 Vol.13 No.2

농촌생활 장기변화 마을의 가구 및 인구 변화 연구

고정숙(Ko Jeong Sook),박은식(Park Eun Shik),조영숙(Cho Young Sook),강경하(Kang Kyeong Ha) 한국지역사회생활과학회 2006 한국지역사회생활과학회 학술대회 자료집 Vol.2005 No.-

농촌생활 장기변화 연구마을 주민의 생활 변화 분석

고정숙(Ko Jeong Sook),박은식(Park Eun Shik),이한기(Lee Han Ki) 한국지역사회생활과학회 2006 한국지역사회생활과학회 학술대회 자료집 Vol.2006 No.-