C-reactive protein accelerates DRP1-mediated mitochondrial fission by modulating ERK1/2-YAP signaling in cardiomyocytes

( Suyeon Jin ),( Chan Joo Lee ),( Gibbeum Lim ),( Sungha Park ),( Sang-hak Lee ),( Ji Hyung Chung ),( Jaewon Oh ),( Seok-min Kang ) 생화학분자생물학회 2023 BMB Reports Vol.56 No.12

C-reactive protein (CRP) is an inflammatory marker and risk factor for atherosclerosis and cardiovascular diseases. However, the mechanism through which CRP induces myocardial damage remains unclear. This study aimed to determine how CRP damages cardiomyocytes via the change of mitochondrial dynamics and whether survivin, an anti-apoptotic protein, exerts a cardioprotective effect in this process. We treated H9c2 cardiomyocytes with CRP and found increased intracellular ROS production and shortened mitochondrial length. CRP treatment phosphorylated ERK1/2 and promoted increased expression, phosphorylation, and translocation of DRP1, a mitochondrial fission-related protein, from the cytoplasm to the mitochondria. The expression of mitophagy proteins PINK1 and PARK2 was also increased by CRP. YAP, a transcriptional regulator of PINK1 and PARK2, was also increased by CRP. Knockdown of YAP prevented CRP-induced increases in DRP1, PINK1, and PARK2. Furthermore, CRP-induced changes in the expression of DRP1 and increases in YAP, PINK1, and PARK2 were inhibited by ERK1/2 inhibition, suggesting that ERK1/2 signaling is involved in CRP-induced mitochondrial fission. We treated H9c2 cardiomyocytes with a recombinant TAT-survivin protein before CRP treatment, which reduced CRP-induced ROS accumulation and reduced mitochondrial fission. CRP-induced activation of ERK1/2 and increases in the expression and activity of YAP and its downstream mitochondrial proteins were inhibited by TAT-survivin. This study shows that mitochondrial fission occurs during CRPinduced cardiomyocyte damage and that the ERK1/2-YAP axis is involved in this process, and identifies that survivin alters these mechanisms to prevent CRP-induced mitochondrial damage. [BMB Reports 2023; 56(12): 663-668]

Elevated TRAF2/6 expression in Parkinson's disease is caused by the loss of Parkin E3 ligase activity.

Chung, Ji-Yun,Park, Hee Ra,Lee, Su-Jin,Lee, Sun-Hye,Kim, Jin Sik,Jung, Youn-Sang,Hwang, Sang Hyun,Ha, Nam-Chul,Seol, Won-Gi,Lee, Jaewon,Park, Bum-Joon United States and Canadian Academy of Pathology [e 2013 Laboratory investigation Vol.93 No.6

<P>Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second leading neurodegenerative disease, and is known to be induced by environmental factors or genetic mutations. Among the verified genetic mutations of PD, Parkin, isolated from the PARK2 locus, shows an autosomal recessive inheritance pattern and is known to be an E3 ligase. However, the physiological target of Parkin and the molecular mechanism of Parkin-deficiency-induced PD have not been clearly demonstrated until now. It has recently been proposed that inflammation, suggesting as a causal factor for PD, is enhanced by Parkin deficiency. Thus, we examined the relationship between inflammation-related factors and Parkin. Here, we provide the evidence that Parkin suppresses inflammation and cytokine-induced cell death by promoting the proteasomal degradation of TRAF2/6 (TNF-α receptor-associated factor 2/6). Overexpression of Parkin can reduce the half-lives of TRAF2 and TRAF6, whereas si-Parkin can extend them. However, mutant Parkins did not alter the expression of TRAF2/6. Thus, loss of Parkin enhances sensitivity to TNF-α- or IL-1β-induced JNK activation and NF-κB activation. Indeed, si-Parkin-induced apoptosis is suppressed by the knockdown of TRAF6 or TRAF2. We also observed elevated expression levels of TRAF6 and a reduction of IκB in an 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine-induced PD mouse model. Moreover, elevated expression levels or aggregation of TRAF6 were detected in approximately half of the human PD tissues (7/15 cases) and 2 cases, respectively. In addition, TRAF6 and Parkin expression levels show a reverse relationship in human PD tissues. Our results strongly suggest that the reduction of Parkin or overexpression of TRAF2/6 by chronic inflammation would be the reason for occurrence of PD.</P>

A Reciprocal Role of the Smad4-Taz Axis in Osteogenesis and Adipogenesis of Mesenchymal Stem Cells : Smad4-Taz Axis in Adipo-Osteogenesis

Park, Jin Seok,Kim, Minbeom,Song, No-Joon,Kim, Jun-Hyeong,Seo, Dongyeob,Lee, Ji-Hyung,Jung, Su Myung,Lee, Jae Young,Lee, Jaewon,Lee, Youn Sook,Park, Kye Won,Park, Seok Hee Wiley Blackwell (John Wiley Sons) 2019 Stem cells Vol.37 No.3

시멘틱 세그멘테이션 기반 주차 보조 시스템 설계

임재원(Jaewon Lim),김준형(Junhyeong Kim),김인수(Insu Kim),이정표(Jungpyo Lee),박재홍(Jaehong Park) 한국자동차공학회 2022 한국자동차공학회 학술대회 및 전시회 Vol.2022 No.11

The effect of personalized bowel preparation using the smartphone camera application: A pilot study

( Jaewon Jung ),( Jongha Park ),( Seunghyun Park ),( Ju Won Lee ),( Jonghwa Park ),( Gi Jung Jeon ) 대한내과학회 2015 대한내과학회 추계학술대회 Vol.2015 No.1

Background: Despite several attempts to improve the bowel preparation quality, they were not enough improved patients’ satisfaction and compliance during bowel preparation for colonoscopy. We aimed to investigate the effectiveness of the smartphone application which analyze and judge the optimal dosage of polyethylene glycol (PEG) for bowel preparation. Design: This prospective randomized controlled trial was investigator-blinded. Patients were assigned to usethe smartphone camera application (app group, n=30) for bowel preparation or just received the written instructions (non-app group, n=30). The app group used the smartphone camera application which was programmed to judge the bowel preparation quality automatically from the bowel preparation status. Application let them stop taking more PEG solution if their bowel preparation was appropriate as “pass or fail”. In contrast the non-app group took 4 liters of PEG solution as the provided manual. Results: The primary outcome was the quality of bowel preparation based on blinded ratings by the Ottawa bowel preparation scale (OBPS). The secondary outcomes were the difference of dosage of PEG between two groups and the acceptability of the camera application in the app group. The primary outcome showed no statistically significant difference of OBPS total score between the two groups (mean OBPS 2.53 ±1.264 vs. 2.79 ± 2.064, p=0.950). The secondary outcomes revealed that the app group took lower dose of PEG than non-app group (mean dosage (mL): 3713.16 ± 405.81 vs. 3979.17 ±102.06, p=0.001). The acceptability of the camera application showed good response in the app group (5-point Likert scale; 1=not acceptable, 5=very acceptable; mean score 4.37± 0.895, p<0.001). Conclusions: Although taking lower dose PEG, the bowel preparation using the smartphone camera application showed the similar quality of bowel preparation compared to conventional preparation group. Moreover, personalized bowel preparation using the smartphone camera application enhanced compliance of bowel preparation and patients’ satisfaction.

Clinical Characteristics of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Patients with Antinuclear Antibody Positivity

( Jaewon Park ),( Gwang Hyeon Choi ),( Kyunghan Lee ),( Sangmi Jang ),( Woo Jin Jung ),( Won Joon Choi ),( Eun Sun Jang ),( Jin-wook Kim ),( Sook-hyang Jeong ) 대한간학회 2020 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2020 No.1

Aims: For the diagnosis of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), autoantibodies are tested to exclude autoimmune liver disease, and clinical significance of the autoantibodies found in NAFLD patients was not clear. The aim of this study were to investigate the positive rate of antinuclear antibody (ANA) in NAFLD patients, and to compare clinical characteristics between ANA-positive and ANA-negative group of NAFLD. Methods: We retrospectively enrolled patients who have diagnosed as NAFLD and underwent ANA test between 2003 and 2019 in a Korean tertiary hospital by searching the clinical data warehouse. After exclusion of autoimmune diseases and combined alcoholic liver diseases, clinical characteristics of ANA-positive group were compared to those of ANA negative group using 1:1 Propensity matching. Results: Among 966 NAFLD patients (464 males and 472 females), the ANA positive rate was 10.6% . ANA positive group (n=99) showed higher mean age (55.9 years vs. 50.2 years, P=0.0002), and higher proportion of female (64.6% vs. 48.7%, P=0.0028), lower albumin (4.4g/dL vs 4.5g/dL, P=0.0210), and higher globulin level (3.0g/dL vs 2.9g/dL, P<0.0001), higher fibrosis score of FIB-4(1.8 vs 1.4, P<0.0001), APRI(0.6 vs 0.5, P=0.0272), and NFS(-1.3 vs -1.6, P=0.0123), and higher value in transient elastography (7.3kPa vs. 6.0kPa, P=0.0295) than ANA negative group. After propensity matching based on age and sex between ANA positive group and ANA negative group, ANA positive group showed higher in mean globulin level (3.0g/dL vs. 2.8g/dL, P=0.0034), IgG level (1342 mg/dL vs. 1237 mg/dL, P=0.0379), higher FIB-4 score(1.8 vs 1.6, P=0.0358), and higher value in transient elastography (7.3kPa vs. 5.8kPa, P=0.0408). Conclusions: The ANA positivity in NAFLD was 10.6%, and it was related to higher level of immunoglobulin and higher degree of fibrosis. Further study on the mechanism of autoantibody production and progression of NAFLD is warranted.

Systematic Risks in the Options Market: Evidence from S&P 500 Index Options

Jaewon Park,Tong S. Kim 한국재무학회 2009 한국재무학회 학술대회 Vol.2009 No.05

The assumption of dynamic replication in no-arbitrage option pricing models does not hold in practice due to discreteness of trading hours as well as trading costs, which suggests the potential presence of preference-driven risk premiums. In this paper, we empirically show that discretely hedged S&P 500 index option portfolios are exposed to covariance and coskewness risk with the market portfolio. Using the three-moment CAPM of Kraus and Litzenberger (1976), we find that the rate of return of the portfolio significantly loads on the two risk factors, and their risk premiums are significantly positive. The equilibrium model complements the prevailing approach of the no-arbitrage framework, and reveals that the volatility smile is linked to investors’ preference on the unhedged market risks.

A Study on Improvement of Operation Efficiency of Magnetic Levitation Train Using Linear Induction Motor

Park, Sang Uk,Zun, Chan Yong,Park, Doh-Young,Lim, Jaewon,Mok, Hyung Soo The Korean Society for Railway 2016 International Journal of Railway Vol.9 No.2

In this paper, a study on the efficiency improvement of the magnetic levitation train using the LIM (Linear Induction Motor) was presented. The maglev train has the advantage of being environmentally friendly since much less noise and dust is produced. However, due to structural limitation, compared to a rotating induction motor, linear induction motor, the main propulsion engine of the maglev train has a relatively greater air gap and hence has the lower operation efficiency. In this paper, the relationship between the operating condition of the train and the slip frequency has been investigated to find out the optimum slip frequency that might improve the efficiency of the magnetic levitation train with linear induction motor. The slip frequency is variable during the operation by this relationship only within a range that does not affect the levitation system of the train. After that, the comparison of the efficiency between the conventional control method with the slip frequency fixed at 13.5[Hz] and the proposed method with the slip frequency variable from 9.5[Hz] to 6.5[Hz] has been conducted by simulation using Simplorer. Experiments of 19.5[ton] magnetic levitation trains owned by Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials were carried out to verify the simulation results.

Inattentional Blindness as Experienced by Hospital Nurses: A Focus Group Study

Park, Jaewon,Park, Mi Mi,Kim, Kyoung Ja Korean Society of Adult Nursing 2018 성인간호학회지 Vol.30 No.6

Ultrasonic Treatment Enhanced Astaxanthin Production of Haematococcus pluvialis

Park Yun Hwan,Park Jaewon,Choi Jeong Sik,Kim Hyun Soo,Choi Jong Soon,Choi Yoon-E 한국미생물학회 2023 The journal of microbiology Vol.61 No.6

In this study, effects of ultrasonic treatment on Haematococcus pluvialis (H. pluvialis) were investigated. It has been confirmed that the ultrasonic stimulation acted as stress resources in the red cyst stage H. pluvialis cells containing astaxanthin, resulting in additional astaxanthin production. With the increase in production of astaxanthin, the average diameter of H. pluvialis cells increased accordingly. In addition, to determine how ultrasonic stimulation had an effect on the further biosynthesis of astaxanthin, genes related to astaxanthin synthesis and cellular ROS level were measured. As a result, it was confirmed that astaxanthin biosynthesis related genes and cellular ROS levels were increased, and thus ultrasonic stimulation acts as an oxidative stimulus. These results support the notion on the effect of the ultrasonic treatment, and we believe our novel approach based on the ultrasonic treatment would help to enhance the astaxanthin production from H. pluvialis.