동양과 서양의 창의적 특성에 관한 탐색적 연구

성은현,J. C. Kaufman,Young Suk Hwang,한윤영 한국영재교육학회 2013 영재와 영재교육 Vol.12 No.2

본 연구는 암묵적 이론에 근거한 동양의 창의적 특성 목록과 선행 연구를 기반으로 미국의 창의성 전문가와 함께 동서양 공통의 창의적 특성, 동양의 창의적 특성, 서양의 창의적 특성 문항을 구성하고, 이러한 특성들이 연구자들의 가정처럼 동서양 창의적 특성으로 구조화되는지를 한국의 대학생 314명을 대상으로 확인하고자 하였다. 창의성 발휘의 중요도 평정을 통해 선정된 모든 문항의 안면타당도를 확보하고, 문화적 특성에 따른 문항의 3요인구조를 확인하기 위해 탐색적 요인분석을 한 결과, 심사숙고, 온고지신, 개성, 개방성, 확산적 사고 등 모두 5개의 요인을 추출되었다. 연구자들이 당초 가정한 동양의 창의적 특성 문항들은 심사숙고, 온고지신 요인에, 서양의 창의적 특성문항들은 개성과 개방성 요인에, 공통적인 창의적 특성문항은 확산적 사고요인에 분류되었다. 추출된 요인에 포함된 각 문항에 대해 동양 또는 서양 문화와의 관련성을 조사한 결과에서 역시, 대학생들은 심사숙고, 온고지신 두 요인에 포함된 문항들이 동양인의 창의적 특성과 관련된다고 인식하고 있었고, 개성, 개방성 두 요인에 포함된 문항들은 서양인의 창의적 특성과 관련된다고 인식하고 있었다. 확산적 사고에 속한 문항들은 다른 요인에 속한 문항들에 비해 한 문화와만 관련성을 보이는 정도가 낮았다. 본 연구는 동양과 서양의 창의적 특성을 포함하는 동서양 창의적 특성 검사를 개발하였다는 점에서 의미가 있으며, 대학생들이 각 문화별로 더 강한 창의적 특성이 있다고 인식하고 있음을 보여 주었다는 점에서 비교문화 관점의 창의성 연구에 기여할 것이다. This study aims to explore Eastern and Western creative traits. For this purpose, we reviewed previous studies to develop questions concerning creative traits related to Eastern conceptions, Western conceptions and both. Three hundred and fourteen university students in Korea participated in our survey. First, we examined construct validity of this questionnaire through factor analysis and concurrent validity through the K-DOCS(Kaufman-Domains of Creativity Scale). From the factor analysis, we found five factors(reflection, understanding-new-by-exploring-old, openness, individuality, divergent thinking) constitute Eastern and Western creative traits. We verified the concurrent validity through the analysis of correlations between five factors of Eastern and Western creative traits and K-DOCS. Second we asked students to categorize each question of creative traits according to Eastern and Western culture. All questions concerning reflection and understanding-new-by-exploring-old were seen as belonging to the Eastern culture while the questions of openness and individuality are related to the Western culture. This result shows that students perceive creative traits according to cultural traits.

창의적 가정환경 질문지 개발 및 적용에 관한 탐색적 연구

성은현,J. C. Kaufman 한국심리학회 산하 한국발달심리학회 2012 한국심리학회지 발달 Vol.25 No.3

The present study was conducted to develop a questionnaire to measure creative home environment and to explore the differences of various domains of creativity according to creative home environment. The questionnaire for creative home environment (measuring both psychological support and creative/intellectual stimulus) and Kaufman-Domains of Creativity Scale (K-DOCS) were administered to 463 university students. The students were asked to respond about both their current creative home environment and what they believed to be an important creative home environment. We examined the difference between students' current home environment and their perception of the important creative home environment. The results were as follows. Students in the high creative home environment group achieved higher scores than students in the low creative home environment group in the domains of Everyday, Scholarly, Writing and Music, and Artistic creativity. Valuing creative achievement at home was needed to promote a creative home environment. Finally, we discussed the meaning and limits of this study. 본 연구는 선행연구의 한계를 보완하여 창의적 가정환경 질문지를 제작하고, 창의적 가정환경에 따라 영역별 창의성에서 차이가 있는지 알아보며, 학생의 창의적 가정환경에 대한 인식을 바탕으로 창의적 가정 환경 조성을 위해 보완해야 할 점이 무엇인지 살펴보는데 목적이 있다. 이를 위해 서울, 충남, 경남 지역의 4년제 대학교 학생 463명을 대상으로 창의적 가정환경 질문지와 영역별 창의성 검사를 실시하였다. 창의적 가정환경 질문지를 실시할 때 각 문항에 대한 현재 가정환경의 일치 정도를 묻는 질문 뿐 아니라 응답자가 생각하는 중요성 정도에 대해서도 평가하도록 하여 창의적 가정환경에 대한 현재정도와 중요정도의 차이를 알아보았다. 연구 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 심리적 지지와 창의적/지적 자극 요인을 측정하는 9문항으로 구성된 간편 창의적 가정환경 질문지를 제작하였다. 둘째, 높은 창의적 가정환경을 가진 학생이 낮은 창의적 가정환경을 가진 학생보다 일상생활에서의 창의성, 학문적 창의성, 음악/문학에서의 창의성과 예술적 창의성에서 유의하게 높은 점수를 보였다. 셋째, 가정에서 자녀의 창의적 성취에 가치를 두는 것이 창의적 가정환경 조성을 위해서 무엇보다 필요함을 시사하였다. 이러한 결과를 바탕으로 창의성과 창의적 가정환경의 관련성을 확인하고 창의적 가정환경 조성을 위해 초점을 두어야할 점들이 논의되었으며 본 연구의 의의와 한계가 제시되었다.

An open-label expanded access study of lapatinib and capecitabine in patients with HER2-overexpressing locally advanced or metastatic breast cancer

Capri, G.,Chang, J.,Chen, S.-C.,Conte, P.,Cwiertka, K.,Jerusalem, G.,Jiang, Z.,Johnston, S.,Kaufman, B.,Link, J.,Ro, J.,Schü,tte, J.,Oliva, C.,Parikh, R.,Preston, A.,Rosenlund, J.,Selzer, M.,Zembr Elsevier 2010 ANNALS OF ONCOLOGY Vol.21 No.3

Identification of new SLE-associated genes with a two-step Bayesian study design

Armstrong, D L,Reiff, A,Myones, B L,Quismorio Jr, F P,Klein-Gitelman, M,McCurdy, D,Wagner-Weiner, L,Silverman, E,Ojwang, J O,Kaufman, K M,Kelly, J A,Merrill, J T,Harley, J B,Bae, S-C,Vyse, T J,Gilkeso Macmillan Publishers Limited 2009 GENES AND IMMUNITY Vol.10 No.5

In our earlier study, we utilized a Bayesian design to probe the association of ∼1000 genes (∼10 000 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs)) with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) on a moderate number of trios of parents and children with SLE. Two genes associated with SLE, with a multitest-corrected false discovery rate (FDR) of <0.05, were identified, and a number of noteworthy genes with FDR of <0.8 were also found, pointing out a future direction for the study. In this report, using a large population of controls and adult- or childhood-onset SLE cases, we have extended the earlier investigation to explore the SLE association of 10 of these noteworthy genes (109 SNPs). We have found that seven of these genes exhibit a significant (FDR<0.05) association with SLE, both confirming some genes that have earlier been found to be associated with SLE (PTPN22 and IRF5) and presenting novel findings of genes (KLRG1, interleukin-16, protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor type T, toll-like receptor (TLR)8 and CASP10), which have not been reported earlier. The results signify that the two-step candidate pathway design is an efficient way to study the genetic foundations of complex diseases. Furthermore, the novel genes identified in this study point to new directions in both the diagnosis and the eventual treatment of this debilitating disease.Genes and Immunity (2009) 10, 446–456; doi:10.1038/gene.2009.38; published online 14 May 2009

Sulfur, oxygen, and hydrogen isotope compositions of precipitation in Seoul, South Korea

Lim, C.,Lee, I.,Lee, S.-M.,Yu, J.-Y.,Kaufman, A.J. THE GEOCHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2012 Geochemical journal Vol.46 No.5

창의적 수업환경 질문지 개발에 관한 탐색적 연구

성은현,J. C. Kaufman,이문정,김누리 한국창의력교육학회 2012 창의력교육연구 Vol.12 No.3

The present study was conducted to develop a questionnaire of creative class environment and to identify reliability and validity. The questionnaire for creative class environment (measuring both professor's attitude/psychological factor and teaching-learning method) and Kaufman Domains of Creativity Scale(K-DOCS) and Creative Self-Efficacy scale were administered to 463 university students. The students were asked to respond about both their current creative class environment and their opinions on it's importance. We examined the difference between students' current class environment and their perception of the importance of creative class environment. We used exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, discrimination analysis, Pearson correlation, paired t-test, Borich formula for data analysis. The results were as follows: First, This study eveloped simple creative class environment questionnaire consisting of 9 items to measure "professor's attitude and psychological factor" and "teaching-learning method". Second, professor's creative attitude was needed to promote a creative class environment. Finally, we discussed the meaning and limits of this study. 본 연구의 목적은 창의적 수업환경의 현재정도와 중요정도를 측정하는 질문지를 제작하고 이를 타당화 하는데 있다. 또한 창의적 수업환경의 현재와 중요정도에 대한 학생의 인식을 바탕으로 창의적 수업환경 조성을 위해 보완해야 할 점이 무엇인지 살펴보고자 한다. 이를 위해 서울, 충남, 경남 지역의 4년제 대학교 학생 463명을 대상으로 창의적 수업환경 질문지와 영역창의성 검사, 창의적 자기효능감 검사를 실시하였다. 자료분석을 위해 요인분석, 판별분석, 상관분석, 독립표본 t 검증, 대응표본 t 검증을 실시하였다. 또한 창의적 수업환경에 대한 현재정도와 중요정도의 차이를 기반으로 Borich 공식을 사용하여 요구도 분석을 하였다. 연구 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 교수의 태도 및 심리적 요인과 교수학습 요인을 측정하는 9문항으로 구성된 간편 창의적 수업환경 질문지를 제작하였고 이에 대한 신뢰도와 타당도를 확인하였다. 둘째, 학교에서 교수의 창의적 태도가 창의적 수업환경 조성을 위해서 무엇보다 필요함을 시사하였다. 이러한 결과를 바탕으로 창의적 수업환경과 영역 창의성, 창의적 자기효능감의 관련성을 확인하고 창의적 수업환경 조성을 위해 초점을 두어야할 점들이 논의되었으며 본 연구의 의의와 한계가 제시되었다.

창의적 수업환경 질문지 개발에 관한 탐색적 연구

성은현(Eun Hyun Sung),J. C. Kaufman,이문정(Moon Jung Lee),김누리(Noo Ree Kim) 한국창의력교육학회 2012 창의력교육연구 Vol.12 No.2

본 연구의 목적은 창의적 수업환경의 현재정도와 중요정도를 측정하는 질문지를 제작하고 이를 타당화 하는데 있다. 또한 창의적 수업환경의 현재와 중요정도에 대한 학생의 인식을 바탕으로 창의적 수업환경 조성을 위해 보완해야 할 점이 무엇인지 살펴보고자 한다. 이를 위해 서울, 충남, 경남지역의 4년제 대학교 학생 463명을 대상으로 창의적 수업환경 질문지와 영역창의성 검사, 창의적 자기효능감 검사를 실시하였다. 자료분석을 위해 요인분석, 판별분석, 상관분석, 독립표본 t 검증, 대응표본 t 검증을 실시하였다. 또한 창의적 수업환경에 대한 현재정도와 중요정도의 차이를 기반으로 Borich 공식을 사용하여 요구도 분석을 하였다. 연구 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 교수의 태도 및 심리적 요인과 교수학습 요인을 측정하는 9문항으로 구성된 간편 창의적 수업환경 질문지를 제작하였고 이에 대한 신뢰도와 타당도를 확인하였다. 둘째, 학교에서 교수의 창의적 태도가 창의적 수업환경 조성을 위해서 무엇보다 필요함을 시사하였다. 이러한 결과를 바탕으로 창의적 수업환경과 영역 창의성, 창의적 자기효능감의 관련성을 확인하고 창의적 수업환경 조성을 위해 초점을 두어야할 점들이 논의되었으며 본 연구의 의의와 한계가 제시되었다. The present study was conducted to develop a questionnaire of creative class environment and to identify reliability and validity. The questionnaire for creative class environment (measuring both professor's attitude/psychological factor and teaching-learning method) and Kaufman Domains of Creativity Scale(K-DOCS) and Creative Self-Efficacy scale were administered to 463 university students. The students were asked to respond about both their current creative class environment and their opinions on it's importance. We examined the difference between students' current class environment and their perception of the importance of creative class environment. We used exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, discrimination analysis, Pearson correlation, paired t-test, Borich formula for data analysis. The results were as follows: First, This study developed simple creative class environment questionnaire consisting of 9 items to measure "professor's attitude and psychological factor" and "teaching-learning method". Second, professor's creative attitude was needed to promote a creative class environment. Finally, we discussed the meaning and limits of this study.

Experimental investigation of the ordering pathway in a Ni-33 at.%Cr alloy

Gwalani, B.,Alam, T.,Miller, C.,Rojhirunsakool, T.,Kim, Y.S.,Kim, S.S.,Kaufman, M.J.,Ren, Yang,Banerjee, R. Elsevier 2016 Acta materialia Vol.115 No.-

<P>The present study involves a detailed experimental investigation of the concurrent compositional clustering and long-range ordering tendencies in a Ni-33 at.%Cr alloy, carried out by coupling synchrotron-based X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and atom probe tomography (APT). Synchrotron-based XRD results clearly exhibited progressively increasing lattice contraction in the matrix with increasing isothermal aging time, at 475 degrees C, eventually leading to the development of long-range ordering (LRO) of the Pt2Mo-type. Detailed TEM and APT investigations revealed that this LRO in the matrix is manifested in the form of nanometer-scale ordered domains, and the spatial distribution, size, morphology and compositional evolution of these domains have been carefully investigated. APT results also revealed the early stages of compositional clustering prior to the onset of long-range ordering in this alloy and such compositional clustering can potentially be correlated to the lattice contraction and previously proposed short-range ordering tendencies. (C) 2016 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.</P>

Genetic associations of LYN with systemic lupus erythematosus

Lu, R,Vidal, G S,Kelly, J A,Delgado-Vega, A M,Howard, X K,Macwana, S R,Dominguez, N,Klein, W,Burrell, C,Harley, I T,Kaufman, K M,Bruner, G R,Moser, K L,Gaffney, P M,Gilkeson, G S,Wakeland, E K,Li, Q-Z Macmillan Publishers Limited 2009 GENES AND IMMUNITY Vol.10 No.5

We targeted LYN, a src-tyosine kinase involved in B-cell activation, in case–control association studies using populations of European-American, African-American and Korean subjects. Our combined European-derived population, consisting of 2463 independent cases and 3131 unrelated controls, shows significant association with rs6983130 in a female-only analysis with 2254 cases and 2228 controls (P=1.1 × 10<SUP>−4</SUP>, odds ratio (OR)=0.81 (95% confidence interval: 0.73–0.90)). This single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) is located in the 5′ untranslated region within the first intron near the transcription initiation site of LYN. In addition, SNPs upstream of the first exon also show weak and sporadic association in subsets of the total European-American population. Multivariate logistic regression analysis implicates rs6983130 as a protective factor for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) susceptibility when anti-dsDNA, anti-chromatin, anti-52 kDa Ro or anti-Sm autoantibody status were used as covariates. Subset analysis of the European-American female cases by American College of Rheumatology classification criteria shows a reduction in the risk of hematological disorder with rs6983130 compared with cases without hematological disorders (P=1.5 × 10<SUP>−3</SUP>, OR=0.75 (95% CI: 0.62−0.89)). None of the 90 SNPs tested show significant association with SLE in the African American or Korean populations. These results support an association of LYN with European-derived individuals with SLE, especially within autoantibody or clinical subsets.Genes and Immunity (2009) 10, 397–403; doi:10.1038/gene.2009.19; published online 16 April 2009

Cerebellar Gray Matter Volume Correlates with Duration of Cocaine Use in Cocaine-Dependent Subjects

Sim, Minyoung E,Lyoo, In Kyoon,Streeter, Chris C,Covell, Julie,Sarid-Segal, Ofra,Ciraulo, Domenic A,Kim, Minue J,Kaufman, Marc J,Yurgelun-Todd, Deborah A,Renshaw, Perry F American College of Neuropsychopharmacology 2007 Neuropsychopharmacology Vol.32 No.10

This study was conducted to explore differences in gray and white matter volume between cocaine-dependent and healthy comparison subjects using optimized voxel-based morphometry (VBM). Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and neuropsychological function tests were performed for 40 cocaine-dependent subjects (41.4±6.9 years, 27 men) and 41 healthy age- and sex-matched comparison subjects (38.7±8.8 years, 26 men). Optimally normalized whole brain MR images were segmented, modulated, smoothed, and compared between groups with statistical parametric mapping. The cocaine-dependent group had lower gray matter volumes in bilateral premotor cortex (Brodmann area (BA) 6, 8; 16.6%), right orbitofrontal cortex (BA 10, 15.1%), bilateral temporal cortex (BA 20, 38; 15.9%), left thalamus (12.6%), and bilateral cerebellum (13.4%) as well as lower right cerebellar white matter volume (10.0%) relative to the comparison group at a corrected p<0.05 for multiple comparisons. Duration of cocaine use negatively correlated with right and left cerebellar gray matter volumes (r=−0.37, r=−0.39, respectively). In cocaine-dependent subjects, lower cerebellar hemispheric gray and white matter volumes were correlated with deficits in executive function and decreased motor performance. This study reports that cocaine-dependent subjects have lower gray matter volumes in cerebellar hemispheres as well as in frontal, temporal cortex, and thalamus. These findings are the first to suggest that the cerebellum may be vulnerable to cocaine-associated brain volume changes, and that cerebellar deficits may contribute to neuropsychological deficits and motor dysfunction frequently observed in cocaine-dependent subjects.Neuropsychopharmacology (2007) 32, 2229–2237; doi:10.1038/sj.npp.1301346; published online 14 February 2007