해도분석을 통한 낙동강 하구 사주 면적의 시ㆍ공간 변화

유창일(CHANG-ILL YOO),윤한삼(HAN-SAM YOON),류청로(CHEONG-RO RYU),이인철(IN-CHEOL LEE) 한국해양공학회 2006 韓國海洋工學會誌 Vol.20 No.6

This study discusses characteristic of spatiotemporal changes of the sand barrier in the Nakdong estuarine for the last century, focusing on geomorphologic evolution and mobility of sand barriers in the view of coastal engineering. The Nakdong estuarine, the research subject, has a complexly changing natural environment by interaction between ground and marine elements such as ocean wave, tidal current, sediment, etc. Moreover, recently, unnatural geomorphologic changes (e.g., seaside reclamation, new harbor construction, etc.) has been radically increased in this area with increasing desire for coastal development. Because of this, its sand barrier has developed quite unstable condition. Therefore, to identify the development process of geomorphologic changes in this area, required is a close examination on historical characteristics of spatiotemporal changes of the sand barrier in relation to surrounding seaside reclamation and physical environmental changes. This study, based on the marine charts published in between 1927 and 1995 year, analyzes the length and area of the sand barrier for the last hundred years, and investigates the cause of the changes by looking into the change of water depth for the last two years and doing ocean-physical site observations. In conclusion, the sand barrier of the Nakdong estuarine expands toward the open sea by 7.4~26 m in annual average, maintaining a fixed distance of 1,241~1.279 m, and its area is expected to increase about 2.8 k㎡ annually. This is characterized by the wocean wave from the open sea and the discharge of Nakdong River.

아세틸 콜린 유발 검사시 허혈성 심전도 변화와 흉통의 발생이 내피세포 기능장애에 미치는 영향

최철웅(Cheol Ung Choi),나승운(Seung-Woon Rha),김선원(Sun Won Kim),나진오(Jin Oh Na),임홍의(Hong Euy Lim),김진원(Jin Won Kim),김응주(Eung Ju Kim),한성우(Seong Woo Han),박창규(Chang Gyu Park),서홍석(Hong Seog Seo),오동주(Dong Joo Oh) 대한임상노인의학회 2010 대한임상노인의학회지 Vol.11 No.4

연구배경: 아세틸 콜린 유발 검사시 발생하는 흉통과 허혈성 심전도 변화가 아세틸 콜린에 의해 발생하는 관상동맥의 내피세포 기능에 어떤 영향을 주는지 알아보고자 했다. 방법: 흉통으로 내원하여 관상동맥 조영술과 아세틸 콜린 유발검사를 시행받은 1,085명의 환자를 대상으로 하였다. 아세틸 콜린 유발 검사를 하는 동안 허혈성 심전도 변화 및 흉통의 발생 유무에 따른 관상동맥 내피세포 기능의 특징을 비교하였다. 결과: 539명의 환자에서 아세틸 콜린 검사시 내피세포 기능 장애가 발생 하였다. 허혈성 심전도 변화가 있었던 그룹이 심전도 변화가 없었던 그룹보다 흉통이 더 많았고(78.1% vs. 60.8%, P=0.007), 관상동맥 조영술상 다발성 관상동맥 경련이 빈번하였고(59.4% vs. 40.6%, P=0.004), 관상동맥의 경련 정도도 더 심하였다(64.1% vs. 46.5%, P=0.006). 흉통이 있었던 그룹이 흉통이 없었던 그룹보다 허혈성 심전도 변화의 빈도가 더 높았다(14.7% vs. 7.5%, P=0.007). 또한 흉통이 있었던 그룹이 관상동맥 경련이 다발성으로 발생하는 경우가 많았고 (50.7% vs. 29.5%, P<0.001), 미만성으로 발생하는 경우가 많았고(87.1% vs. 75%, P<0.001), 관상동맥의 경련의 정도도 더 심하였다(51.6% vs. 43.5%, P=0.041). 결론: 아세틸 콜린 유발검사시 발생하는 허혈성 심전도 변화와 흉통은 관상동맥 경련의 정도와 경련이 발생하는 관상동맥 개수와 연관이 있다. Background: ECG changes and chest pain during acetylcholine (Ach) provocation tests may constitute important clinical parameters for Ach-induced endothelial dysfunction. We investigated the association between ischemic ECG changes and chest pain during the Ach-provocation test and angiographic characteristics of Ach-induced endothelial dysfunction. Methods: A total of 1,085 patients with anginal symptoms underwent diagnostic coronary angiography (CAG) and Ach-provocation tests. We compared angiographic characteristics of Ach-induced endothelial dysfunction according to the presence of ECG change and chest pain. Results: A total of 539 patients experienced Ach-induced endothelial dysfunction. Patients who experienced ECG change group suffered more frequent chest pain (78.1% vs. 60.8%, P=0.007), angiographically more frequent multiple coronary artery spasm (59.4% vs. 40.6%, P=0.004), and more severe coronary artery spasm (64.1% vs. 46.5%, P=0.006) than patients without ECG change. However, there was no difference in the length of endothelial dysfunction between the groups. The incidence of ischemic ECG changes in patients with chest pain was higher than in patients without chest pain (14.7% vs. 7.5%, P=0.007). Patients who experienced chest pain more often experienced multiple (50.7% vs. 29.5%, P<0.001), diffuse (87.1% vs. 75%, P<0.001), and severe coronary artery spasm (51.6% vs. 43.5%, P=0.041) than patients without chest pain. Conclusion: Ischemic ECG changes and chest pain during the Ach-provocation test are associated with multi-vessel involvement and severe coronary artery spasm. Chest pain is associated with the length of endothelial dysfunction, but ischemic ECG change is not.

중심시가지 재생을 위한 상인교육프로그램이 상인역량강화에 미치는 영향분석

전창진(Jeon, Chang-Jin),정철모(Chung, Cheol-Mo) 한국주거환경학회 2014 주거환경(한국주거환경학회논문집) Vol.12 No.1

A test-bed for a shopping district has been developed urban regeneration project with empowering business people as the central figure rejecting quantitative development established by government lead and activating a distressed neighborhood through its own efforts. Additionally, the main purpose of this project is to activate commercial supremacy by making the business people voluntary participation in the project and to strengthen of ability of them. This study analyzed impact of education program for business people on empowering of business people in the case of autonomous urban regeneration project. The result of the analysis showed that the program composition did not have impact on personal/internal change, interpersonal change and socioeconomic change. However, program operation showed to have impact on personal/internal change, interpersonal change and socioeconomic change. It is expected that the findings from the study can contribute to overcome the limitations of the previous programs on empowering business people and promote participation rate of business people by empirically analyzing the impact relation of the program and opportunities to plan the program with a new objective.

Assessment of Aortic Annulus Dimensions for Patients with Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy in Pre-TAVI Planning CT

송민철(Min-Cheol Song),김태은(Tae-Eun Kim),채희창(Hee-Chang Chae),서충범(Choong-Beom Seo),서은희(Eun-Hee Seo),대창민(Chang-Min Dae) 대한CT영상기술학회 2023 대한CT영상기술학회지 Vol.25 No.2

본 연구는 비후성 심근증 환자의 심장 주기에 따른 대동맥판륜의 형태학적 크기 변화를 측정하여 TAVI planning 3차원 영상처리시 대동맥판륜의 크기 측정 오류와 합병증을 최소화하고자 연구를 진행하였다. 2021년 4월부터 2022년 6월까지 본원을 내원하여 심전도 동조화 기법 TAVI planning CT 검사를 진행한 환자 중 심실중격 두께가 정상인 환자를 대조군 41명(78.92 ± 12.6세, 남성 44%), 비후성 심근증 환자를 실험군 31명(74.92 ± 10.8세, 남성 61%)으로 설정하였다. 심장 주기의 10% 간격으로 영상재구성하여 대동맥판륜의 면적, 둘레, 유효 직경, 면적 기반 직경, 둘레 기반 직경을 측정하여 비교 분석 하였다. 분석 결과, 심장 주기 동안 대동맥판륜의 면적, 둘레, 유효 직경, 면적 기반 직경, 둘레 기반 직경의 상대적인 변화는 각각 27.3%, 10.4%, 11.9% 12.6% 11.1%로 유의한 크기 변화를 나타냈다.(P<0.001) 대조군은 전체 심장 주기 중 수축기에서 대동맥판륜 각 측정인자의 최대값이 나타났으며, 실험군은 전체 심장 주기에서 측정 인자의 최대값이 불규칙적으로 나타났다. 또한 두 그룹 간 심장 주기 동안 대동맥판륜 측정 인자의 최대값 빈도 분포 분석 결과는 유의한 차이를 나타냈다.(P<0.05) TAVI 3차원 영상처리에 있어 비후성 심근증 환자의 경우 전체 심장 주기를 확인하여 대동맥판륜 크기가 가장 큰 심장 주기에서 측정하는 것이 정확한 크기의 인공판막 선택과 추후 합병증을 최소화하는데 큰 기여를 할 것으로 사료된다. The purpose of this study was to minimize the undersizing of aortic annulus size and reduce complications by analysis the size change of aortic annulus during the cardiac cycle in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Patients were prospectively underwent an ECG-gated TAVI Planning CT. Retrospective study was conducted 41 normal group (78.92 ± 12.6 years; 44% males) and 31 hypertrophic cardiomyopathy group (74.92 ± 10.8 years; 61% males). The annulus plane was identified on reconstructions at 10% intervals of the cardiac cycle. Based on semi-automatically defined Aortic annulus, area, perimeter, effective diameter, area-derived diameter, perimeter-derived diameter were measured. The area, perimeter, effective diameter, area-derived diameter and perimeterderived diameter were significantly changes during the cardiac cycle with a relative change of 27.3%, 10.4%, 11.9%, 12.6% and 11.1% respectively. (all p < 0.001) During the cardiac cycles of groups normal and Hypertrophic myopathy, aortic annulus showed different dynamic changes. Different group showed a significant difference in the maximum values distribution plot. (p < 0.05) In patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, reconstructing the entire cardiac cycle and selecting the largest annulus to TAVI planning is considered to contribute greatly to the accurate selection of the size of prosthesis in the procedure and minimizing TAVI complications.

Contributions of intramolecular and intermolecular energy changes to strain-induced enthalpy relaxation in uniaxially drawn poly(lactic acid) films

Kim, Min Sung,Chang, Jin-Hae,Lee, Sang Cheol Elsevier 2015 Polymer Vol.64 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Blends of poly(lactic acid)s (PLAs) containing three different concentrations of <SMALL>D</SMALL>-isomer (i.e., 1, 4, and 10 mol%; referred to as PLA1, PLA4, and PLA10, respectively) with poly(<SMALL>DL</SMALL>-lactic acid) (PDLLA) were prepared via solution blending. The three PLAs were miscible with PDLLA, as determined by dynamic mechanical analysis. Drawn films of PLA1/PDLLA, PLA4/PDLLA, and PLA10/PDLLA blends exhibited endothermic peaks just above the glass transition temperature, which is evidence of strain-induced enthalpy relaxation. A thermodynamic model for the miscible blend system was applied to determine contributions of intramolecular and intermolecular energy changes to strain-induced enthalpy relaxation for PLA1, PLA4, and PLA10; the resultant values suggested that intramolecular energy changes are mainly responsible for strain-induced enthalpy relaxation.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Drawn films of PLA blends exhibit endothermic peaks just above glass transition temperature. </LI> <LI> For PLA containing less than 4 mol% of <SMALL>D</SMALL>-isomer, almost 60% of the endothermic heat originates from intramolecular energy change. </LI> <LI> As the <SMALL>D</SMALL>-isomer content of PLA increases, the contribution of intramolecular energy change to the endothermic heat increases. </LI> <LI> Overall, intramolecular energy change is primarily responsible for strain-induced enthalpy relaxation. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

기후변화에 대응한 목재수급 정책과제

민경택(Min, Kyung-Taek),장철수(Chang, Cheol-Su),허경태(Hur, Gyong-Tae),이동필 한국농촌경제연구원 2011 한국농촌경제연구원 정책연구보고서 Vol.- No.-

Wood products have many attributes that make them a smart choice when it comes to climate change. First, much of the carbon absorbed by growing trees is stored in products. Using more wood also means less fossil fuel consumption. Wood is endlessly renewable, and life cycle assessment studies show that it requires substantially less energy to manufacture than other materials such as steel and concrete. Wood buildings can be easily deconstructed and reused, which means they can continue to store carbon indefinitely. And using wood from sustainably managed forests helps to ensure that forests and their carbon storage potential continue to grow, which contribute to local community economy. This report focuses on international forest policies related to climate change and their implications to Korean forestry and the forest products sector, and some policy suggestions are made. Climate change and climate change mitigation are currently hot topics at the international level. Forest is carbon sink but also regarded as carbon emitter when it is deforested and degraded. REDD(Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation) and HWP(Harvested Wood Products) are important issues at the post-Kyoto Protocol. Illegal logging is also a major issue in the wood products trade. Major developed countries adopt wood promotion policies to tackle climate change and construct a low-carbon green economy. They promote the merits and provide some technical information when using wood. In Korea, wood consumption is about 27 million cubic meters per year, and self-sufficiency of wood is 13.5%. Domestic wood is used to produce pulp and particle boards in large part. Poor forest resource structure, high cost in wood harvest, negative perceptions to harvest, and low infrastructures are challenging issues in domestic wood supply. The Korean government also adopts Low Carbon Green Growth as a policy base. The demand for wood biomass energy is increasing. These are opportunities to the wood industry. But high production cost in wood harvest and the thin wood consumption culture are weaknesses. We should establish a wood promotion strategy to overcome weaknesses and exploit opportunities. We made some policy suggestions to promote wood use as follows: 1) campaign to increase the utilization and consumption of wood in the public side 2) develop and disseminate durable wood goods, such as engineered wood 3) adopt carbon labelling to show the carbon sequestration function of wood products 4) increase wood supply through utilization of forest residues, short-rotation coppice in idle farmland, and international cooperaton 5) establish technical standards to certify the safety of wood products 6) legislate wood utilization to tackle climate change.

조기 천장골염의 자기공명영상 소견

김태환 ( Tae Hwan Kim ),전재범 ( Jae Bum Jun ),심승철 ( Seung Cheol Shim ),장대국 ( Dae Kook Chang ),고회관 ( Hee Kwan Koh ),정성수 ( Sung Soo Jung ),이인홍 ( In Hong Lee ),배상철 ( Sang Cheol Bae ),유대현 ( Dae Hyun Yoo ),전의용 대한류마티스학회 1998 대한류마티스학회지 Vol.5 No.2

목적: 천장골염의 유무가 척추 관절염의 진단에 중요한데 단순 골반 검사에서 변화가 없는 환자를 대상으로 MRI를 이용하여 천장골염의 조기변화 소견 및 MRI방법에 따른 장점을 비교하고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법: 단순 골반 검사에서 천장골염 유무가 확실하게 구분되지 않은 혈청 음성 척추 관절염 환자 26명을 대상으로 MRI를 시행하고 염증의 주침범위치를 천측과 장측, 관절의 상하로 구분하고, MRI방법에 따른 변화를 비교하였다. 결과: 모든 예에서 조영 증강되는 판누스를 관찰할 수 있었고, Grade I 이하에서는 장골측과 관절하부, 인대성 관절보다 활막성 관절을 더 많이 침범하였다. Grade II 이상에서도 장골측과 관절 하부에 더 많았으나 인대성 관절을 Grade I이하에서보다 더 많이 침범하였다. 관절 주변 지방 침착역시 장골측과 관절 하부에 더 주로 침범하였고 Grade II 이상에서 약간 더 많았다. 관절 주변 골염은 Grade 0에서는 없었고, Grade I에서는 주로 장골측과 관절 하부에서 92%가 양성이었고, Grade II에서는 93%에서, Grade III에서는 64%에서 양성으로, 장골측을 주로 침범하였으나 관절 상하부의 구분은 없었다. 인대성 천장골 관절은 Grade I 이하에서 38%, II 이상에서는 94%에서 침범하였다. 관절 주변 골염과 지방 침착, 그리고 판누스의 관찰에는 MPGR보다 스핀에코 영상이 좋았고, 관절면의 불규칙성 또는 관절강의 확대와 관절 강직여부의 관찰에는 스핀에코에 비해 MPGR 영상이 좋았고, 연골하 경화는 비슷하였다. 천장골염의 정도와 ESR, CRP와의 연관성은 없었다. 걸론: 천장골 관절에서 염증의 시작은 주로 장골 측과 관절의 하부에서 먼저 시작되고, 관절이 진행될수록 장골측에서 천골측까지로 범위가 확대 되었다. MRI방법에 의한 차이로 초기단계에는 스핀에코 영상이 관절염을 확인하는데 도움이 되고 관절면이 불규칙하게 되고 경화가 되어 병이 진행된 상태에서는 MPGR영상이 진단에 더 도움이 되었다. 염증성 배부 동통이 있는 경우 단순 골반 검사에서 이상이 없는 환자인 경우에도 MRI 검사를 시행하여 천장골염의 유무를 확인하는 것이 중요하다. Objective: The early detection of sacroiliitis on X-ray is important to diagnose spondyloarthropathy(SpA). The conventional radiography, bone scan, and computer tomogram have the problems of sensitivity, specificity, and side effects. We examined sacroiliitis using MR imaging in patients who had inflammatory back pain, but no definite changes in conventional radiogrphy. Other radiologic techniques were compared in detection of early sacroillitis. Methods: Twenty six patients with SpA were examined. The MRI findings of both sacroiliac joints were evaluated in every patients, such as pannus, periarticular osteitis and fat accumulation, subchondral sclerosis, and joint space changes(irregularity, ankylosis). Also we analyzed the changes of sacroiliac joints in sacroiliitis. Results: The predominant sites of involvement were upper aspect and iliac surface of sacroiliac joint in subchondral sclerosis, lower and iliac in pannus, periarticular fat accumulation, and iliac in periarticular osteitis. The MPGR images were superior to spin echo images in evaluation of joint space changes(irregularity, and ankylosis). Conclusions: Sacroiliitis is initiated in iliac side and lower portion of sacroiliac joints. MRI can detect early changes of sacroiliitis in patients with no conventional radiographic changes. MRI seems to be needed in patients with inflammatory back pain.

X-ray Irradiation Induced Reversible Resistance Change in Pt/TiO₂/Pt Cells

Chang, Seo Hyoung,Kim, Jungho,Phatak, Charudatta,D’Aquila, Kenneth,Kim, Seong Keun,Kim, Jiyoon,Song, Seul Ji,Hwang, Cheol Seong,Eastman, Jeffrey A.,Freeland, John W.,Hong, Seungbum American Chemical Society 2014 ACS NANO Vol.8 No.2

<P>The interaction between X-rays and matter is an intriguing topic for both fundamental science and possible applications. In particular, synchrotron-based brilliant X-ray beams have been used as a powerful diagnostic tool to unveil nanoscale phenomena in functional materials. However, it has not been widely investigated how functional materials respond to the brilliant X-rays. Here, we report the X-ray-induced reversible resistance change in 40-nm-thick TiO<SUB>2</SUB> films sandwiched by Pt top and bottom electrodes, and propose the physical mechanism behind the emergent phenomenon. Our findings indicate that there exists a photovoltaic-like effect, which modulates the resistance reversibly by a few orders of magnitude, depending on the intensity of impinging X-rays. We found that this effect, combined with the X-ray irradiation induced phase transition confirmed by transmission electron microscopy, triggers a nonvolatile reversible resistance change. Understanding X-ray-controlled reversible resistance changes can provide possibilities to control initial resistance states of functional materials, which could be useful for future information and energy storage devices.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/ancac3/2014/ancac3.2014.8.issue-2/nn405867p/production/images/medium/nn-2013-05867p_0007.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/nn405867p'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>

Age-Associated Changes in the Vascular Renin-Angiotensin System in Mice

Yoon, Hye Eun,Kim, Eun Nim,Kim, Min Young,Lim, Ji Hee,Jang, In-Ae,Ban, Tae Hyun,Shin, Seok Joon,Park, Cheol Whee,Chang, Yoon Sik,Choi, Bum Soon Hindawi Publishing Corporation 2016 Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity Vol.2016 No.-

<P><I>Background</I>. This study evaluated whether the change in the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) is associated with arterial aging in mice.<I> Methods</I>. Histologic changes and expressions of transforming growth factor-<I>β</I> (TGF-<I>β</I>), collagen IV,<I> fibronectin</I>, angiotensin II (Ang II), angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1R), angiotensin II type 2 receptor (AT2R), prorenin receptor (PRR), Mas receptor (MasR), endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), NADPH oxidase 2 and oxidase 4 (Nox2 and Nox4), 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG),<I> 3-nitrotyrosine</I>, and superoxide dismutase 1 and dismutase 2 (SOD1 and SOD2) were measured in the thoracic aortas from 2-month-old, 12-month-old, and 24-month-old C57/BL6 mice.<I> Results</I>. Twenty-four-month-old mice showed significantly increased aortic media thickness and expressions of TGF-<I>β</I>, collagen IV, and fibronectin, compared to 2-month-old and 12-month-old mice. The expressions of PRR, ACE, and Ang II, and AT1R-positive area significantly increased, whereas expressions of ACE2 and MasR and AT2R-positive area decreased with age. The expressions of phosphorylated serine<SUP>1177</SUP>-eNOS, SOD1, and SOD2 decreased, and the 8-OHdG-positive area and the 3-nitrotyrosine-positive area increased with age. The expression of Nox2 significantly increased with age, but that of Nox4 did not change.<I> Conclusions</I>. The enhanced PRR-ACE-Ang II-AT1R axis and reduced ACE2-MasR axis were associated with arterial aging in mice. </P>

오징어젓 숙성 중 제4급 암모늄 화합물의 변화

김성수,송대진,오명철,오창경,김수현 濟州大學校工科大學産業技術硏究所 1996 尖端技術硏究所論文集 Vol.7 No.1

The changes in precursors of N-nitrosamines, such as choline-N, betaine-N and total creatinine-N, during the fermentation of high salt-fermented squid, Sepiell maindroni, group with 20% of salt and low salt-fermented squid group with 10% of salt, 6% of ethanol, 6% of sorbitol and 0.5% of lactic acid were investigated. During the fermentation, the contents of VBN were rapidly increased from the beginning of the fermentation until 140 days, and these contents were more in high salt groups as compared with low salt groups. The contents of choline-N were little changed until 80 days of the fermentation and slowly decreased after 80 days of the fermentation to 120 days, but the different of the contents between both salt groups were little. Betaine-N also showed the similar tendency to choline-N, but the changes in low salt groups were slowly increased and decreased as compared with these in high salt group. Total creatinine-N was slowly increased from the beginning of the fermentation until 60 days in both salt groups, but rapidly decreased after this to 120 day.