스포츠가 古代 그리스의 文化에 미친 影響

김현덕 師範大學 體育硏究所 1999 서울大學校 體育硏究所論集 Vol.20 No.1

Oriental culture was expressed negatively in ancient Greek mythology. Oriental culture was seen here as an object for conquest and the mythology encompassed a consciousness which challenged the authority of the Orient. In addition to games in mythology, the four pan Greek games played at religious festivals and a number of other games seen in local religious festivals were considered part of religious ceremonies wherein the Greeks worshipped their respective Gods. In this way games came to be closely associated with religion. Just as an oracle played an important role in politics, society an military affairs in those days, games as a form of religious ceremony had a significant influence on society. The earliest sports activities that were held in Greece were the funeral games described in mythology presumably around 2000 B.C. In ancient Greece which formed the basis of later European civilization, sport included a desire for personal fame as reflected in the social values of personal freedom and individualism. This trend was largely seen from 600 B.C. on but had existed in funeral games and games held in religious festivals before that time. With the collapse of Aegean civilization, which was influenced by oriental culture, the impact of this culture disappeared and while sports were practiced in the form of different games, the meaning of sport was conveyed through mythology. The ancient Greeks were able to satisfy their desire for personal fame through sport due to characteristics of sport and society at that time, that is, the sport could be freely participated in and the individual nature of sport provided the opportunity to experience freedom and attain glory. The games and sports events held by the Greeks had a militaristic element but were not intended for military purpose. Games, which were developed as religious events, took on significance as a ritualized challenge to the Gods and a competition of superiority wherein the human body was related to sport through the arts where a human being harmonized in body and soul could be realized and this, it was thought, would lead to an ideal society. Sport then became a main subject of Greek art and followed the development of a monarchy into an aristocracy and the aristocracy into a democracy. Sport was also both a means and an aim in ancient Greece. This is demonstrated in the fact that, the ideal human image at the time could be found in sports. Ultimately, it can be shown that the first political and intellectual democracy was able to develope due to the fact that sport formed the basis of political, social, artistic and educational development.

光合成 細菌에 대한 硏究 : Ⅰ.Rhodospirillum rubrum의 Polyphosphate 生合性에 있어서 燐散源에 따른 差異 Ⅰ. The Differences on Polyphosphate Biosynthesis by the Phosphate Source in Rhodospirillum rubrum

吳德鐵,李賢順 제주대학교 1983 논문집 Vol.16 No.-

1. 光合成細菌 R. rubrum을 Ortho P, Pyro P가 各各 包含된 培地로 明ㆍ暗狀態로 培養하여 收率, pH變化, Polyphosphate含量등을 조사하였다. 2. pH는 Ortho P배지보다 Pyro P배지에서 더 높았다. 3. 收率은 明培養때는 Ortho P배지에서가 낮고 暗培養인때는 反對였다. 4. Poly P함량은 明ㆍ暗區別 없이 Pyro P배지에서 월등히 높았다. 5. 암배양의 경우 Ortho P배지에서 배양할 때 상당량의 Pyro P가 生合成되는 것으로 보인다. 6. Pyro P는 어떤 經路이건 직접 long chain Poly P合成에 관여되는 것으로 보인다. 1. Photosynthetic Bacterium R. rubrum was cultured in Orthophosphate or Pyrophosphate-containing medium under light or dark condition. Cell Yeild, pH Change, Polyphosphate content were investigated. 2. pH of Orthophosphate medium was low than Pyrophosphate medium. 3. Cell Yield was low with Orthophosphate medium under light, but was low with Pyrophosphate medium in case of dark culture. 4. Polyphosphate content was always very high with Pyrophosphate medium. 5. It looks likely that under dark culture with Orthophosphate medium R. rubrum synthesize Pyrophosphate with substantial amounts. 6. It seems that Pyrophosphate concern directly in biosynthesis of long chain Polyphosphate.

한국의 헌법과 법률에서의 체육관련 영역에 관한 연구

김현덕,신현균 한국학교체육학회 2003 한국학교 체육학회지 Vol.13 No.1

본 연구는 한국 체육 관련 헌법과 법률은 무엇이 있는가?를 고찰하기 위해 현행 대한민국 헌법과 법률의 법조항과 법조문들을 조사·연구하였다. 본 연구의 목적을 달성하기 위하여 현행 대한민국 헌법과 법률 자료를 모두 수집하여 전문가의 자문과 문헌 고찰 방법을 통하여 체육적 관점의 접근방법으로 개념과 명제의 의미를 분석하고 특성을 찾아내어 체육 관련 헌법과 법률의 법조항과 법조문을 발췌하고 스포츠법의 영역별 분류방법을 활용해서 한국 체육 관련 헌법과 법률을 고찰 하였다. 그래서 본 연구는 다음과 같은 결론을 추출해 낼 수 있었다. 1. 체육 직접 관련 헌법과 법률 대한민국 헌법에서는 체육에 관한 명문의 규정이 없기 때문에 체육 직접 관련 헌법은 없다. 그러나 헌법상 다른 기본권과 헌법적 가치를 공유하기 때문에 다른 중요한 기본권 규정들이 체육을 직접적으로 배제하지 않는 한 해석을 통하여 그 적용이 가능하다고 사료된다. 그리고 운동 관련 법률은 국민체육진흥법과 체육시설의설치·이용에관한법률이고, 경기 관련 법률은 2002년월드컵축구대회지원법과 제14회아시아경기대회지원법 등 각종 국제경기대회 지원법이 있었고, 레크리에이션 관련 법률은 수상레저안전법과 경륜·경정법이다. 2. 체육 간접 관련 헌법과 법률 운동 간접 관련 헌법은 제12조·제21조·제34조·제37조이고, 법률은 개발이익환수에관한법률 외 28개 법률의 법조항과 법조문에 나타나 있다. 경기 간접 관련 헌법은 제15조·제33조이고, 법률은 경범죄처벌법 외 14개 법률의 법조항과 법조문에 포함되어 있다. 레크리에이션 관련 헌법은 제10조·제34조이고, 법률은 공연법 외 16개 법률의 법조항과 법조문이 있다 3. 기타 체육 관련 헌법과 법률 체육교육 관련 헌법은 제31조이고, 법률은 교육기본법 외 14개 법률의 법조항과 법조문에 취급되어 있다 건강 관련 헌법은 제35조·제36조이고, 법률은 공공기관의정보공개에관한법률 외 30개 법률의 법조항과 법조문에 규정되어 있다. The purpose of this study was to investigate of appearances, characteristics, and re-classification of constitutional law and statutes of physical education and sport on sport philosophical view in Korea. Therefore, We could fmd out conclusion following; 1. Direct Constitutional Law and Statutes of Physical Education and Sport First, direct constitutional law of physical education and sport was not exist to prescribe of written contract in Constitution of the Republic of Korea. However, constitutional law of physical education and sport is possible to apply through interpretation to not exclude directly other important natural rights because to be common of constitutional value with natural rights. Second, direct statutes of physical education and sport were statutes of exercise and athletics and recreation. Statutes of Exercise were National Sports Promotion Act and Installation and Utilization of Sports Facilities Act, only these statutes interpretate and apply to physical education and sport recently. Statutes of athletics were 2002 FIFA World Cup Support Act and 14th Asian Games Support Act, these statutes have characteristics of purposive and transient and special law. Statutes of recreation were Leisure of Head Waters Safety Act and Bicycle and Motorboat Racing Act, these statutes have characteristics of purpose of business and profit in spite of pure purpose for physical education and sport. Third, characteristics of direct statutes of physical education and sport were policy of purpose·definition plan·promotion·organization·support·cooperation and finance of fund·business·support·management and institution of plan·trade·management·definition·establishment·support·regulation and punishment of fine for default·penal regulation. 2. Indirect Constitutional Law and Statutes of Physical Education and Sport First, indirect constitutional law of exercise has characteristics of freedom·equality·right and exercise as constitutional article 12·21·34·37. Indirect statutes of exercise were Restitution of Development Gains Act and twenty-eight laws. Second, indirect constitutional law of athletics has characteristics of occupation·labor and athletics as constitutional article 15·33. Indirect statutes of athletics were Punishment of Minor Offenses Act and fourteen laws. Third, indirect constitutional law of recreation has characteristics of happiness·welfare and recreation as constitutional article 10·34. Indirect statutes of recreation were Public Performance Act and sixteen laws. Fourth, characteristics of indirect statutes of physical education and sport were policy, finance, institution, and regulation. 3. Beside Constitutional Law and Statutes of Physical Education and Sport First, constitutional law of physical education has characteristics of freedom·equality·duty·education for whole life and physical education as constitutional article 31. Statutes of physical education were Framework Act on Education and fourteen laws. Second, constitutional law of health has characteristics of environment·preservation of health and health as constitutional article 35·36. Statutes of health was Act on Disclosure of Information by Public Agencies and thirty laws. Third, characteristics of beside statutes of physical education and sport were policy, finance, institution, regulation·environment·preservation·insurance. Finally, man or woman of physical education and sport will correspond to law as point of view those so as not to entrust lawful problem of physical education and sport. Specially, We will expect that this study supply to conversion from major of jurisprudence to physical education and sport.

日本産 高等菌類

趙德炫 又石大學校 1994 論文集 Vol.16 No.-

1994년 6월 20일부터 1994년 7월 17일까지 일본의 滋賀, 大分縣, 九州의 黑岳 그리고 鹿兒島대학의 다루미즈 연습림에서 일본산 고등균류를 채집하여 동정하였다. 그 결과 2아문, 4강, 8목, 23과, 40속, 50종을 확인하였다. 그 중에서 Tilachlidiopsis nigra와 Isaria atypicola는 아직까지 한국에 보고되지 않은 중이다. Many species of Japanese higher fungi were collected at Shiga-Ken, Kuro-Take, Oita-Ken and the experiment forests of Kagoshima university. These species were identified. According to the results, they are composed of 2 subdivisions, 4 classes, 8 oders, 23 families, 40 genera and 50 species. Among them, Tilachlidiopsis nigra and Isaria atypicola were not reported in Korea.

몇가지 β-lactam 항생제의 약효평가를 위한 Minimum Inhibitory Concentration(MIC)의 비교

洪淳德,金鐘國,李東善,河相哲,李相瀚,李載蘭,安賢淑 慶北大學校 1991 論文集 Vol.51 No.-

In order to screen the new β-lactam antibiotics for clinical use. we were compared MIC values of various β-lactam antibiotics. We also tested the influence of pH, inoculum size, stability of antibiotics in medium and some kinds of media on MIC value. As a result, cefotaxime, cefoperazone, piperacillin, cefamandole, cephaloridine, cephapirin, cefazolin, cephalothin, cephaioylycn were scored in antimicrobial activity of MIC data.

남자 고교생들의 전신지구력 검사 동등화 표준오차 검증

남덕현 한국스포츠리서치 2003 한국 스포츠 리서치 Vol.14 No.1

This research sought to target 2,275 male high school students(761 first year graders, 789 second year graders, and 725 third year graders) use equation standard deviations in points secured from the test of these juveniles cardiovascular endurance, and present valid equation methods according to gender and school years. Towards this end, this research carried out five types of cardiovascular endurance tests for each male students in order to secure its justification. For the data of this research, analyzed and verified were equation standard deviations of unsmoothing equipercentile equating equipercentile equating(s = .01, .05, .10, .20, .30, .50, ,75, 1.00) and linear equating, using Macintosh-applicable Equating Error program. Based on these results, the following conclusion was drawn. First, The equation standard deviation in first male graders cardiovascular endurance tests showed the lowest levels in the method of linear equating in all distances of 1200m, 1500m, 1600m, and 1609m, and thus the method of linear equation were found to be the most valid in equalizing male students' cardiovascular endurance test. Second, The equation standard deviation in second male graders cardiovascular endurance tests showed the lowest levels in the method of linear equating in all distances of 1200m, 1500m, 1600m, and 1609m, and thus the method of linear equation were found to be the most valid in equalizing male students' cardiovascular endurance test. Third, The equation standard deviation in third male graders cardiovascular endurance tests showed the lowest levels in the method of linear equating in all distances of 1200m, 1500m, 1600m, and 1609m, and thus the method of linear equation were found to be the most valid in equalizing male students' cardiovascular endurance test.

부동산관련 조세제도 및 개선방안

崔德圭,盧賢燮 동아대학교 경영대학 2001 經營硏究 Vol.- No.14

The purpose of this study is to review an overview of the current tax system for real estate and provide the directions for developing tax system for real estate in Korea. The taxation of acquisition of real estate are Acquisition Tax, Registration Tax, Inheritance Tax and Gift Tax, Value Added Tax, Stamp Tax and License Tax. The taxation of holding real estate are Property Tax, Aggregate Land Tax, Urban Planning Tax, Community Facility Tax, Income Tax, Corporation Tax, Value Added Tax, Farmland Tax, Asset Revaluation Tax, Business Place Tax, and Inhabitant Tax. And the taxation of selling real estate are Income Tax, Corporation Tax, Value Added Tax, Stamp Tax, Inhabitant Tax and Special Tax for Rural Development. The goals of developing tax system for real estate are to enhance economic justice and facilitate the sound development of the national economy. The property tax system will be renewed by reinforcing taxation on real estate holdings. This includes; a progressive aggregate land tax consolidating the property tax on land; a ceiling on ownership of residential land. In addition the scope of tax preferences on capital gains from real estate transfers will be sharply narrowed. In an effort to broaden tax bases, the government also curtailed tax exemptions and reductions.

방한 일본인 관광객의 패션상품 구매행동에 관한 연구

류덕환,조지현,서철현 啓明大學校 生活科學硏究所 2002 科學論集 Vol.- No.-

The purpose of this study was to investigate demographic profiles, purchase motivation, and purchase behavior of consumers of inbound tourists. More specially, the samples chosen for the study were Japanese inbound tourists from Dongdaemoon fashion market by means of questionnaire method. The reason why Japanese are the highest proportion in inbound tourists. Of 250 Japanese tourists who had buying experienced answered data, 210 data were usable. The results were as follows. The primary motivation of purchasing fashion goods was concerned with the price. They had chance to buy various items, especially they bought lots of T-shifts in the number of purchase items. In addition, Japanese tourists preferred more natural textiles. With regard to the important consideration when they purchase fashion goods, design, price size, usefulness, and color were more important. Most Japanese tourists were officers and students, and higher educated in demographic variables. Their age were in twenties, thirties, and women tourists were a little more than men.

이동 애드 혹 네트워크에서 QoS를 지원하는 AODV 라우팅 프로토콜

吳世德,趙榮泰,丁燦赫,金玄郁,李光培,姜景仁,朴京培,文泰洙,郭承郁,河載承 明知大學校 産業技術硏究所 2003 産業技術硏究所論文集 Vol.22 No.-

Abstract - In this paper, we propose a bidirectional mobile Ad Hoc routing protocol based on AODV(ad-hoc on-demand distance victor routing) with QoS(quality of service) support. At presence, wireless mobile communication focuses on how to efficiently support mobility of users more than QoS guarantee. However, in order to satisfy requirement of various applications which have been or will be served, QoS guarantee between end point is a very important issue. The existing AODV routing protocol is implemented to use only BE (Best Effort) service. However, actual wireless mobile environment requires to reduce a waste of communication resources and meet with the real-time change of data paths by setting up routes with QoS support, considering available communication resources at each node in advance. Therefore, in this thesis, we propose an adaptive QoS support method using hello message in order to rapidly meet with the change of available communication resources and to smoothly perform route maintenance. For performance evaluation, we analyzed the average date reception rate. At that time, we used evaluation parameters such as node's mobility -stop time, hello message period, and packet priority, considering the node's mobility and the number of best effort/QoS data flows. As results, we found that with our proposed method the average data reception rate was increased 16.3% for 0 mobility-stop second case and 4.7% for 300 mobility-stop second case.

탄화규소/알루미늄 금속계 복합재료의 형상방전가공

왕덕현,이윤경,우정윤,허보영 한국공작기계학회 1998 한국생산제조학회지 Vol.7 No.1

Conductive metal matrix composite(MMC) material of 30% silicon carbide particulate based on aluminum matrix was machined by die sinking electrical discharge machining(EDM) process according to different current and duty factor for reverse polarity of electrode. Material removal rate(MRR) was examined by process under various operating conditions. The surface morphology was evaluated by surface roughness parameter and scanning electron microscopy(SEM) research. The MRR was suddenly increased over 11 ampere of current, and it was slightly changed over 0.3 of duty factor. The maximum surface roughness of EDMed surface was affected by the duty factor. The SEM photographs of EDMed surface showed wide recast distribution region of melting materials as increased of current and duty factor.