Immobilization of the Hyperthermophilic Archaeon Thermococcus onnurineus Using Amine-coated Silica Material for H₂ Production

배승섭,나정걸,이성목,강성균,이현숙,이정현,김태완,Bae, Seung Seob,Na, Jeong Geol,Lee, Sung-Mok,Kang, Sung Gyun,Lee, Hyun Sook,Lee, Jung-Hyun,Kim, Tae Wan The Korean Society for Microbiology and Biotechnol 2015 한국미생물·생명공학회지 Vol.43 No.3

초고온성 고세균 Thermococcus onnurineus NA1은 개미산, 일산화탄소, 또는 전분 등을 이용해서 수소를 생산하는 것으로 알려져 있다. 본 연구에서는 T. onnurineus NA1의 고정화 세포를 이용한 수소생산을 고찰하였다. 고정화 실험결과, T. onnurineus NA1은 표면에 아민기가 코팅된 규조토 담체에 정전기적 인력에 의해 효과적으로 고정화되었고, 1 g의 담체에 고정화 될 수 있는 최대 세포의 양은 71.7 mg-dcw로 확인되었다. 고정화 세포를 이용한 세 번의 반복회분식 배양을 통해 개미산으로부터 수소생산 특성을 고찰하였고, 그 결과 배양이 반복됨에 따라 고정화 세포 농도의 증가에 기인하여 초기수소생산속도가 2.3 에서 4.0 mmol l⁻¹ h⁻¹로 상당량 증가됨이 관찰되었다. 따라서, T. onnurineus NA1의 고정화세포 시스템은 수소생산을 위한 좋은 대안이 될 수 있을 것으로 사료된다. 본 연구는 초고온성 고세균의 고정화세포를 수소생산에 적용한 첫 번째 사례이다. Previously we reported that the hyperthermophilic archaeon, Thermococcus onnurineus NA1 is capable of producing hydrogen (H₂) from formate, CO or starch. In this study, we describe the immobilization of T. onnurineus NA1 as an alternative means of H₂ production. Amine-coated silica particles were effective in immobilizing T. onnurineus NA1 by electrostatic interaction, showing a maximum cell adsorption capacity of 71.7 mg-dried cells per g of particle. In three cycles of repeated-batch cultivation using sodium formate as the sole energy source, immobilized cells showed reproducible H₂ production with a considerable increase in the initial production rate from 2.3 to 4.0 mmol l⁻¹ h⁻¹, mainly due to the increase in the immobilized cell concentration as the batch culture was repeated. Thus, the immobilized-cell system of T. onnurineus NA1 was demonstrated to be feasible for H₂ production. This study is the first example of immobilized cells of hyperthermophilic archaea being used for the production of H₂.

Glyoxal-induced exacerbation of pruritus and dermatitis is associated with <i>staphylococcus aureus</i> colonization in the skin of a rat model of atopic dermatitis

Han, Rafael Taeho,Kim, Hye Young,Ryu, Hyun,Jang, Wooyoung,Cha, Seung Ha,Kim, Hyo Young,Lee, JaeHee,Back, Seung Keun,Kim, Hee Jin,Na, Heung Sik Elsevier 2018 Journal of dermatological science Vol.90 No.3

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P><B>Background</B></P> <P>Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a highly pruritic, chronic inflammatory skin disease associated with hyperreactivity to environmental triggers. Among those, outdoor air pollutants such as particulate matter (PM) have been reported to aggravate pre-existing AD. However, underlying mechanisms of air pollution-induced aggravation of AD have hardly been studied.</P> <P><B>Objective</B></P> <P>To investigate the molecular mechanisms by which glyoxal, a PM-forming organic compound, exacerbates the symptoms of AD induced by neonatal capsaicin treatment.</P> <P><B>Methods</B></P> <P>Naïve and AD rats had been exposed to either fresh air or vaporized glyoxal for 5 weeks (2 h/day and 5 days/week) since one week of age. Pruritus and dermatitis were measured every week. The skin and blood were collected and immunological traits such as Staphylococcus aureus skin colonization, production of antimicrobial peptides and immunoglobulin, and mRNA expression of inflammatory cytokines were analyzed.</P> <P><B>Results</B></P> <P>Exposure to glyoxal aggravated pruritus and dermatitis in AD rats, but did not induce any symptoms in naïve rats. Staphylococcus aureus skin colonization was increased in the skin of both naïve and AD rats. Expression of antimicrobial peptides such as LL-37 and β-defensin-2 was also increased by exposure to glyoxal in the skin of both naïve and AD rats. The mRNA expression of Th1-related cytokines was elevated on exposure to glyoxal. However, serum immunoglobulin production was not significantly changed by exposure to glyoxal.</P> <P><B>Conclusion</B></P> <P>In AD rats, exposure to glyoxal exacerbated pruritus and cutaneous inflammation, which was associated with increased colonization of <I>S. aureus</I> and subsequent immunological alterations in the skin.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Exposure to glyoxal aggravated the symptoms in AD rats, but did not induce AD in naïve rats. </LI> <LI> <I>S. aureus</I> skin colonization and subsequent expression of antimicrobial peptides were increased after exposure to glyoxal. </LI> <LI> Exposure to glyoxal elevated the production of Th1-related cytokines such as TNF-α and IFN-γ in the AD lesional skin. </LI> </UL> </P>

Cloning, Purification, and Characterization of a New DNA Polymerase from a Hyperthermophilic Archaeon, Thermococcus sp. NA1

( Yun Jae Kim ),( Hyun Sook Lee ),( Seung Seob Bae ),( Jeong Ho Jeon ),( Jae Kyu Lim ),( Yo Na Cho ),( Ki Hoon Nam ),( Sung Gyun Kang ),( Sang Jin Kim ),( Suk Take Kwon ),( Jung Hyun Lee ) 한국미생물생명공학회 2007 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.17 No.7

찰옥수수연구 XVIII 시설하우스에서 2기작 찰옥수수 교잡종의 주요 생육특성 비교

나웅현,복태규,고혁수,백승우,조양희,이희봉 충남대학교 농업과학연구소 2013 농업과학연구 Vol.40 No.2

The major characteristics of the developed corn hybrids were compared at each different planting time; 1st time(April 28) and 2nd time(August 20), respectively. Among traits surveyed, stem height showed highly at 1st time than 2nd, while ear height, stem diameter and ear length were similar at two times. Sugar content of the used hybrids showed highly at 2nd planting time than 1st. Pericarp thickness was also high at 2nd planting time. Especially, among hybrids CNU99 was the highest in stem height and ear length, CNU11 and CNU56 were high in sugar content, and CNU51 and CNU124 were thiner than other hybrids in pericarp thickness. Accordingly, these hybrids will be planted and recognized in 2nd yield trial for superior corn hybrid selection.

광주광역시 전문계 고등학교 특성화 및 종합발전방안

나승일,정철영,김진모,안강현,한홍진,김기용,민상기,장현진 한국농업교육학회 2008 농업교육과 인적자원개발 Vol.40 No.1

이 연구의 목적은 광주광역시 전문계 고등학교의 특성화 및 종합발전방안을 수립하는데 있다. 이 연구는 ① 전문계 고등학교 관련 선행연구 분석,② 인력육성 및 특성화 방향을 설정하기 위하여 광주광역시,전라남도,우리나라의 산업여건 분석,③ 광주광역시 전문계 고등학교에 대해 Malcolm Baldrige 평가모형에 의한 진단평가와 SWOT 및 활용전략 분석, ④ 광주광역시 전문계 고등학교의 개편 요구 분석,⑤ 광주광역시 전문계 고등학교의 특성화 및 종합발전방안 설정 등의 과정을 통해 수행되었다. 이 연구의 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째,비전은 광주광역시 전문계고 특성화와 발전 역량 구축을 통한 산업체 요구에 부합하는 우수 인력 양성이며,이를 위한 전략은 특성화 체제구축,학교교육 혁신,인적 자원 혁신,학교경영 혁신,인프라 구축으로 설정하는 것이 필요하다. 둘째, 특성화 체제 구축은 특성화 체제 개편,교육과정 중심 특성화,학과 재배치 통합형 고교 도입,특성화고 신설을 통해 추진할 수 있 는데 특히,교육과정 중심 특성화가 적극 도입되어야 한다. 셋째,학교교육 혁신은 교육과정 개편,교수 학습 개선,진로지도 개선,시설 및 기자재 개선을 통해 추진할 수 있다. 넷째,인적자원 혁신은 학교 관리자 역량 강화,교원 역량 강화,학생 역량 강화를 통해 추진할 수 있다. 다섯째,학교경영 혁신은 경영 리더십 제고,경영 성과관리 강화,학교 재정 혁신을 통해 추진할 수 있다. 여섯째,인프라 구축을 위해 지자체,대학,산업체,지역주민과 연계 강화를 통해 추진할 수 있다. 일곱째,13개 전문계 고둥학교의 여건 및 특성에 적합한 단위학교별 특성화 및 종합발전방안을 수립하였다. The purpose of this study was to suggest strategies to specialize and develop vocational high schools in Gwangju Metropolitan City. The study was orderly performed as follows: (1) reviewing literature about vocational high school, (2) analyzing the condition of industries, (3) diagnosing the vocational high school through Malcolm Baldrige model, (4) analyzing the SWOT and application strategies, (5) analyzing the needs of reform, and (6) establishing the strategies for the specialization and development of Vocational High Schools in Gwangju Metropolitan City. The major findings of this study were as the following: First, the vision was to bring up excellent human resources to corresponds industrial needs through specialization and development of vocational high schools in Gwangju Metropolitan City. Five strategies to achieve it were creating the specialization system, innovating the school education, human resources, and the school management, and building the infrastructure. Second, creating the specialization system can be performed through five tasks which were restructuring the specialization system, creating curriculum-based specialization, trading departments in inter-schools, introducing an integrated high school, and building a new specialized high school. Especially curriculum based specialization needs to be accepted. Third, innovating the school education can be performed through four tasks which were reorganizing the curriculum, improving the teaching and learning, improving the career guidance, and improving the facilities and equipments. Fourth, innovating human resources can be performed through three tasks which were enhancing each competencies of a school manager, a teacher, and a student. Fifth, innovating the school management can be performed through three tasks which were improving the management leadership, developing the performance management, and innovating the school finance. Sixth, building the infrastructure can be performed through four tasks which were enhancing the relationships with a local government, colleges, industries, and local residents. Seventh, individual strategies for the specialization and development of thirteen vocational high schools were also developed by corresponding to their conditions and characteristics.

농업교육훈련 프로그램 평가

나승일,김강호,민상기,이민욱,장현진 한국농업교육학회 2007 농업교육과 인적자원개발 Vol.39 No.3

이 연구의 목적은 2006년 농림부의 국고지원을 통해 77개 기관에서 운영된 총 157개 농엽교육훈련 프로그램의 효율성 및 성과에 대한 평가와 개선방안을 수립하는데 있었다. 이를 위해 프로그램별 모니터링,프로그램별 자체보고서,농업교육훈련 담당자 질의응답을 설시하였으며,평가위원회를 구성하여 최종 평가결과를 도출하였다. 그리고 평가에 활용된 평가기준은 4개 평가영역,16개 평가항목,26개 평가지표로 구성하였다. 평정을 위한 체크리스트에서 각 평가지표를 2∼4단계의 실행수준을 설정하였으며,이를 바탕으로 지표별 점수가 산출되었다. 평가등급은 A등급(90점 이상),B등급(80점 이상), C등급(70점 이상),D등급(70점 미만)과 평가유보로 부여하였다. 농업교육훈련 프로그램의 전체적인 평가결과는 A등급 43개(27.4%),B등급 70개(44.6%),C등급 33개 (21.0%),평가유보 11개(7.0%)로 나타났다. 그리고 농업교육훈련 프로그램 유형별 평가영역과 항목에 대한 평점을 도출하였다. 이러한 농업교육훈련 프로그램의 평가를 바탕으로 한 농업교육훈련의 종합적인 개선방안을 기관별 중장기 교육프로그램 체계 구축,교육대상자 확대 및 이력관리,예산지원 체계 개편,교육기관별 프로그램 특성화,교육기관 및 프로그램 인증제 도입,교육대상의 특성에 맞는 프로그램 다양화,농업교육훈련 담당자 역량 개발 지원,비농업관련 강사진의 농업소양교육 지원,우수 사례 벤치마킹 및 활용 지원 등을 제시하였다. The purpose of this study was to set up evaluation about efficiency and performance in total of 157 agricultural education & training program operated by 77 institutions through the support from the ministry of agriculture in 2006. Monitoring, in-house report in each program, and survey of HRD practitioner in the field of agricultural education & training was performed and result of evaluation was finalized through committee of evaluation, In addition, evaluation standard was composed of 4 domains, 16 sub-domains, and 26 indicators. The score for each indicator was decided based on a checklist, which has 2 to 4 levels for each indicator. And evaluation grade was consisted of As(over 90), Bs(over 80), Cs(over 70), Ds(under 70) and Undecided. The overall result of evaluation agricultural education & training program was rated as 43 As(27,4%), 70 Bs (44.6%) 33 Cs (21.0%), 11 of undecided (7.0%). Grade point indicating domains and sub-domains of evaluation according to program type was driven. Based on this direction of improvement regarding agricultural education & training program was suggested as follow: ① Set up middle- and long-term system of education program in every institution, ② expand learning opportunities to farmers and resume management ③ improve budget supporting system ④ customize program according to institutions ⑤ introduce certification of education institution and program ⑥ diverse program according to farmers' characteristics ⑦ support competency development of HRD practitioner in the field of agricultural education & training ⑧ support agriculture-related education for non-agricultural instructors. ⑨ support the utilization of best practices.

전자상거래 시스템에 적용 가능한 이동 에이전트 보안 메커님즘의 설계

나승현,한승조,정일용 조선대학교 전자정보통신연구소 2001 電子情報通信硏究所論文誌 Vol.4 No.1

This paper suggests the table for a mobile agent path which performs on transfer a mobile agent in security and based on which introduced the transfer protocol of a mobile agent. As the last prodceure of this, shows that how to write the closing time of a mobile transferring by using a Time stamp and keep not only preparing for the stop and attack for a receiving host but also the record of the transfer for a mobile agent. Later this paper will analyzes the security for an attack of a receiving host, a transmitting host and the third part host based on proposed system.

기초직업능력표준 제도화 방안

나승일,정철영,김주섭,구자길,김강호,장현진 한국농업교육학회 2008 농업교육과 인적자원개발 Vol.40 No.2

이 연구의 목적은 기초직업능력표준의 활용성 제고를 위해, 직업교육훈련 및 자격제도에 기초직업능력표준의 도입 방안과 법적·정책적 제언을 하는데 있었다. 연구목적 달성을 위해 문헌고찰, 내용분석, 조사연구, 전문가협의회 등의 연구방법이 활용되었다. 기초직업능력표준 제도화 방안 개발을 위해 기초직업능력표준의 자격도입 및 교육훈련에의 활용에 필요한 인프라를 구축하고 이를 법적으로 규정하는 것을 기본방향으로 설정하였다. 기본 방향에 따라 ① 기초직업능력 자격은 국가기술자격에 표준을 반영하거나 신설하되 응시자격에 제한을 두지 않고, 결과인증 방법을 통해 3등급으로 구분한다. 단, 직업윤리는 등급을 구분하지 않고 합격과 불합격의 단일동급을 적용한다. ② 기초직업능력표준을 학교 교육과정 및 훈련기준에 반영하되 기존 교과에 반영하거나 별도 교과를 신설한다. 이를 위해 학습자, 교육훈련기관, 자격검정기관, 인프라 차원의 지원이 요구된다.③ 기초직업능력 교육훈련과 자격의 연계를 위해 교육훈련이수자에게 자격시험의 일부 또는 전체를 면제하도록 한다. ④ 기초직업능력표준의 관리 · 운영은 한국산업인력공단에서 담당하되 주요 심의사항은 자격정잭심의위원회에서 주관하도록 한다. 제도화 방안의 실제 적용을 위해 자격기본법, 근로자직업능력개발법 등의 관련 법제 정비를 위한 제언을 제시하였으며, 제도화의 효율적인 추진을 위한 정책적 제언을 제시하였다. The purpose of this study was to develop the introduction plan and to identify the revision points of laws and the political implications related with basic competencies standards for improving utilization based on vocational training and qualification. For the purpose, literature reviews, contents analysis, survey and experts council were conducted. This study suggested the basic framework which was building infra and legislation consolidation required on establishment qualifying system and improvement utilization to institutionalize the basic competencies standards. According to this, ① basic competencies qualification should be considered on national technical qualification and be graded 3 levels through summative evaluation without application requirements. But vocational ethics must be under the pass-fail system. ② It should be make the best use of basic competencies standards on schooling curriculum and vocational training standards by means of modifying existing courses or creating new courses. For this, it need to support learners, training and education institutions, qualifying test institutions, and infra. ③ Individuals who complete the course should be exempt on whole or partial exam for linking between training and qualification. ④ Management and operation of basic competencies standards should be controled by Human Resource Development Service of Korea, and the right to deliberate need to be authorized by Qualification Policy Deliberation Committee. To realize institutionalization, this study suggested consolidating the related laws including Framework Act on Qualifications, Workers' Vocational Competency Development Act, and so on. Moreover, it recommended political proposal for effective actualization of institutionalization.

실직자의 전환학습과 관련 변인

장현진,나승일 한국농업교육학회 2008 농업교육과 인적자원개발 Vol.40 No.3

이 연구의 목적은 우리나라 실직자들의 전환학습 수준을 측정하고, 실직자의 전환학습과 관련된 변인틀과 그들의 설명력을 구명하는 데 있었다. 이 연구의 모집단은 직업에 종사하다가 그만둔 사람 가운데 정년퇴직을 제외한 모든 성인 실직자들이며, 접근의 어려움으로 전직실업자훈련프로그램 가운데 조사시점의 719개 프로그램에 참여하는 실직자를 목표모집단으로 설정하였다. 표집은 군집표집방법을 사용하여 34개 전직실업자훈련프로그램에 참여하는 630명의 실직자를 표본으로 선정하였다. 자료의 수집은 우편조사와 방문조사를 통해 이루어졌으며, 최종분석에서는 체크가 불량한 67부의 설문지를 제외한 총 410부가 활용되었다. 자료의 분석은 기술통계 및 추리통계를 사용하였으며, 통계적 유의수준 0.05 를 기준으로 판단하였다. 이 연구의 결론은 다음과 같다. 첫째, 실직자들의 전환학습 과정은 자기성찰(2단계), 대안탐구(5단계), 새로운 행동 계획(6단계)이 상대적으로 높게 이루어지며, 실직자들의 전환학습 수준은 이론적 평균(보통)보다 약간 높은 수준이다. 둘째, 실직자들의 전환학습은 경쟁력과 자신감 구축(9단계)과 높은 상관을 보이며, 의미관점별 비판적 반성(3단계), 전환과정의 공유(4단계), 새로운 행동 계획(6단계), 지식과 기술의 습득(7단계) 과는 중간정도의 상관을 보인다. 셋째, 실직자들의 전환학습에 대한 관련변인들의 설명력은 52.1%이며, 각 변인별 영향력의 중요도는 경쟁력과 자신감 구축(9단계)이 가장 높고, 다음으로 전환 과정의 공유(4단계), 의미관점별 비판적 반성(3단계), 배우자의 경제력, 실직 당시 직업능력의 순이다. The purpose of this study was to measure the levels of transformative learning(TL) and to identify related variables, which were germane to job losers. The population for this study was adult job losers excluding someone who retired due to the age limit. Because the exact number of job losers in Korea could not be identified, this study was restricted to the target population of the job losers participated in 719 re-employment training programs at the period of the survey. A sample of 630 job losers in 34 re-employment training programs was selected from the target population by using of one stage cluster sampling. The data were collected through mail survey and on-site interview. Finally, the data from 410 respondents were used for the data analysis after exploring that all respondents answered the survey instrument honestly. Descriptive and inferential statistics were introduced for the data analysis. In each statistical analysis, a p-value of .05 was considered to indicate statistical significance. The major conclusions of the study were as follows: First, the levels of transformative learning process(TLP) of job losers were high in step 2) self-examination, step 5) exploration of options, and step 6) planning of a course of action. Overall level of TL of job losers was a little above the theoretical mean. Second, higher level of correlation was identified between TL and TLP step 9) and medium level of correlations were identified among TL and TLP step 3), 4), 6) and 7). Third, the associated variables explained 52.1 % of TL of job losers. TLP step 9) building of competence and self-confidence explained the most of the TL, and step 4) recognition of the transformation process, step 3) critical reflection of meaning perspectives, economic status of the spouse, and occupational competency at the period of job loss were next four important variables which explained last proportion of the TL.

매실박, 당근박, 감귤박 급여가 산란계 난황의 Vitamin E, K 함량에 미치는 영향

최승현,나재천,권오상,박상미,이봉덕,안길환 충남대학교 농업과학연구소 2008 농업과학연구 Vol.35 No.2

This experiment is a quantitative experiment where insoluble Vitamins E and K are extracted from the yolk of the spawning which was fed by by-products of tangerine, carrot, or Japanese apricot. Finally the purpose is to raise contents of the insoluble Vitamins E and K inside the yolk of the spawning. The saponification method through α, α - dipyridyl was used to determine the content of Vitamin E. Diethyl dithiocarbamate assay was used to examine the content of Vitamin K. The contents of Vitamin E in egg yolks of chicken fed by by-products of tangerine, carrot, or Japanese apricot increased 2 - 3 times compared to control egg, while the contents of Vitamin K almost no changed. 본 실험에서는 감귤, 매실, 당근의 껍데기로 감귤박, 매실박, 당근박을 먹여 산란계의 난황에 들어있는 Vitamin E와 K 함량을 높이고자 했다. Vitamin E 추출방법에는 검화방법인 α, α -dipyridyl에 의한 비색정량법을 사용하였으며 전처리 과정 중 석유 ether를 가하여 층을 분리하는 과정과 증류수를 가하여 층을 분리하는 과정에 있어서 신중을 가하였고 신속한 시료 전처리과정이 요구되었다. Vitamin K 추출에는 Diethyl dithiocarbamate에 의한 방법이 사용되었다. 실험결과 일반난황에서의 Vitamin E 함량보다 실험난황에서의 Vitamin E 함량이 2배 이상 높아졌음을 알 수 있었던 반면 Vitamin K의 함량은소량 증가하여 큰 변화가 없었다. 위의 결과를 통해서 난황에 이전된 Vitamin E의 종류가 무엇이며 어떠한 형태의 Vitamin E가 이전이 많이 되었는지를 확인하는 실험이 필요할 것이다. 이러한 추가적인 실험이 이루어졌을 때 상업적으로 이용한 가치가 있는 가를 고려하여야 할 것이다.