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중합가시광 파장대에 따른 심미성 수복재의 미세경도 변화
김현철,조경모,신동훈 대한치과보존학회 2001 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.26 No.2
There are several factors affecting the effectiveness of polymerization of the esthetic restorative materials. Among those factors, the initiator, camphoroquinone has the unique characteristic, of which the light sensitivity is very dependent on the wavelengh of blue light. Camphoroquinone shows the most light absorption ability in the wavelengh range of 470nm. So most of clinically used light curing systems adopt this phenomenon as their polymerization mechanism. The most popular way of light curing system is standard 40-second curing. But the problem of standard curing technique shows the rapid increase of resin viscosity followed by the acceleration of polymerization and the limited resin flow, resulted in reduction of the physical property of restoration by retained stress. The object of this study was to verify the effects of narrow-banded wavelengh on the microhardness of the esthetic restorative materials, a composite resin and a composer, using filters which have peak wave-lengh of 430nm,450nm,470nm, respectively. The results were as follows : 1.All the experimental groups showed lower hardness value than the control group. 2.In DyractAP, the hardness value by wavelengh showed the same changing pattern on both upper and lower surfaces. 3.In DenFil, the hardness value by wavelengh showed different changing pattern on upper and lower surfaces. 4.The hardness ratio showed similar pattern to the hardness variation of lower surface, but there was no significant difference between measurement in 10 minutes and 3 days later, besides the increase of hardness value.
부산지역 일부 약수터에 대한 ‘맛있고 건강한 물’의 지표 적용
김현실,김익성,박청길,곽명화,윤철종,박승조 동아대학교 환경문제연구소 2001 硏究報告 Vol.24 No.2
This study was performed to investigate the water quality of some natural mineral springs in Busan. Samples for this study were collected at fifty sites during a year. from March 2000 to February 2001. The overall tendency of mineral was Na>Ca>Mg>K, and the seasonal variation of each components were like this - Ca: Win>Spr>Sum>Aut, Mg: Spr>Win>Sum>Aut, Na: Sum>Aut> Spr>Win, K: Aut>Sum>Spr>Win The K and O index suggested by Hashimoto was followed : delicious water(58%) > not belong to any group(34%) > healthy and delicious water(6%) > healthy water(2%).
유재현,박승조,윤철중 東亞大學校 1999 東亞論叢 Vol.36 No.-
This study is the removal of nitrogen in the tannery wastewater by modified intermittent aeration process. The experiment was performed with the tannery wastewater of J industry complex located in Pusan. The reactor volume used for experiment was 114.24l as pilot scale. The performance of this process was evaluated by variation of wastewater temperature with 30, 20, 15℃. On operating with wastewater at 30℃ the removal rate of total nitrogen and NH₃-nitrogen were about 93% and 98% respectively. NO₂-nitrogen and NO₃-nitrogen were contained with 20~30mg/L in intermittent and nitrification reactor but those were reduced with 10mg/L in effluent by denitrification bacteria. By the way on operating with wastewater at 20℃ and 15℃ the removal rate of total nitrogen was 97%, 95% respectively. Because of change of operating condition it was prevented the reduction of activity of microorganism temperature down.
유현철,김정섭,곽명화,윤철종,이희인,박승조 동아대학교 환경문제연구소 2001 硏究報告 Vol.24 No.1
Problems of wastes that pigs produce are increasing rapidly in the hog raising industry nowadays. consequently, the generation volume of excreta also is increasing but most of that is not disposed appropriately and exposed in eco-system therefore the disposal of stock excreta is becoming more and more serious. considering the physical and chemical characteristics of livestock excreta, the pollution loading rate - BOD, COD etc. - is very high. as alternative plan, that is, as one method kind of composisting, the utilization of the soil reformation agent will become one solution in managing the upper problems. also, the flyash of 3.7 million tons are producing every year and about 32.2% of that, 1.18 million ton is recycled as concrete, cement, cementassistance, road etc. consequently, the discharged flyash is not abandoned and a plan of recycling is needed acutely. gypsum of 4.16 million tons in 1998 presently was produced and about 57.2% of that, 2.38 million tons was recycled as cement, construction materials. the present stock is 25 million tons. therefore, in this study, because organic materials can be obtained in pig excreta and calciums can be obtained in gypsum, the small amount of elements can be acquired in flyash for the soil reformation agents, mixing the three materials - pig excreta, gypsum, flyash - adequately, investigated technique of making the soil reformation agents and described below in comparrision with the changes of temperature, PH TOC, T-N, TOC/T-N ratio etc.
주의력결핍-과잉행동장애를 동반한 알코올 의존환자들의 특성 : 임상적/유전학적 자료분석
김붕년,손기현,전지현,곽욱환,유희정,조수철,박철수 大韓神經精神醫學會 2003 신경정신의학 Vol.42 No.3
Objectives : This study was conducted to estimate the comorbidity rate of ADHD in a group of patients with alcohol dependency and to find out the characteristics of alcoholic patients with ADHD using the diverse clinical and genetic variables. Methods : Eighty five patients with alcohol dependency were recruited from 4 mental hospitals in Kyoung-Nam and Kyoung-Ki province. For the evaluation of ADHD symptoms in both childhood and adulthood, the highly structured Diagnostic Interview Schedule for Children-IV (DISC-FV)-ADHD module was used. The various standardized scales and questionnaires were also applied to evaluate the comorbid conditions and psychopathological status. All the subjects' blood was collected and genetic study for the polymorphism of DRD2, TH, 5-HTTLPR, COMT, ALDH2 was performed. Results : 1) The comorbid rate of definite ADHD in alcoholic patients was 38% (28/85). 2) The frequency of unmarried status was significantly higher in ADHD group compared non-ADHD group. 3) The onset of pathologic drinking and auditory hallucination was significantly earlier in ADHD group than non-ADHD alcholic group. 4) In ADHD alcoholic group, antisocial behavior was more frequently reported, and the score of co-dependency scale, depression/anxiety, aggression and obsessive compulsive drinking scales were significantly higher compared to non-ADHD alcoholic group. 5) No signficant difference was found in the frequency of polymorphic alleles in COMT, DRD2, 5-HTTLPR, ALDH2, TH between ADHD and non-ADHD alcoholic group. Conclusion : In alcoholic patients, the rate of adult type ADHD was higher than expected rate in general population. The alcoholic patients with ADHD suffered from more sever degree of alcohol dependency and earlier alcohol related problems. ADHD-alcoholic group showed higher diverse comorbid psychopathology and lower marital status compared to non-ADHD-alcoholic group. No difference, however, was found in genetic data between two groups.
이경화,김정섭,유현철,최성우,윤철종,우성훈,박승조 동아대학교 환경문제연구소 2001 硏究報告 Vol.24 No.1
Adsorption equilibrium of heavy metals ion on the peat moss was confirmed Frundlich isotherm Removal efficiency of heavy metals ion was increased from pH 2 to 10 and heavy metal removal efficiency was increased in the sequence of Cu(Ⅱ) > Pb(Ⅱ) > Cd(Ⅱ) > Mn(Ⅱ) on the PM(Peat Moss). The PM is likely to be more effective adsorption than the PAC to removal of metal ions in the solution, since PM's weakly acidic functional groups which is not founded on the PAC, in addition to its high surface area and porosity. But, the PM is not separated from the solution water by sedimentation process. So, a liquid and solid seperation between the PM and the solution water could be considered for the PM's field application. But peat moss was low cost adsorbent. Thus author propose to adopt PM as a adsorbent for heavy metal removal.
Dong Churl Kim,O-Kyun Kown,Hyun-Soo Kim,Byung-Seok Choi,Ki Soo Kim,Mi-Ran Park,Ki-Hong Yoon,Seung-Hyun Cho,Sang-Soo Lee,Jong Woong Hyun,Dae-Kon Oh,Min-Ho Song,Jeong Soo Kim IEEE 2010 IEEE photonics technology letters Vol.22 No.20
<P>We report on the signal monitoring characteristics in a reflective semiconductor optical amplifier (RSOA) transistor outline can with a monitor-photodiode, thermoelectric cooler, and thermistor. Because of spatial hole-burning in the RSOA cavity, a front-side signal-monitoring module exhibits wider windows and better linearity in monitor current to signal power ratio (MCSPR) than a rear-side signal-monitoring module for current variations. In C-band, the average of the MCSPR is about 0.150 A/W and the MCSPR variation on wavelength is about ±0.038 A/W.</P>
김주현(Joo-Hyun Kim),선우현정(Hyun-Jung Sunwoo),박수빈(Su-Bin Park),노동현(Dong-Hyun Noh),정연경(Yeon Kyung Jung),조인희(In-Hee Cho),조수철(Soo-Churl Cho),김붕년(Bung-Nyun Kim),신민섭(Min-Sup Shin),김재원(Jae-Won Kim),박태원(Tae-Won P 대한소아청소년정신의학회 2015 소아청소년정신의학 Vol.26 No.3
Objectives:The purposes of this study were to examine the reliability and validity of the Korean version of Social Communication Questionnaire (K-SCQ) and to determine cut-off scores for diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Methods:A total of 166 subjects with ASD and their 186 unaffected siblings were recruited through child psychiatry clinics of university hospitals. Board certified child psychiatrists screened all probands suspected to have ASD based on the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fourth edition. To confirm the diagnoses, the Korean versions of the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule and the Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised (K-ADI-R) were administered to all the subjects. All parents completed the K-SCQ and Social Responsiveness Scale (SRS). The non-ASD siblings were evaluated with the same instruments as the probands with ASD. We performed a factor analysis to examine the structure of K-SCQ. For testing the validity of K-SCQ, we compared the difference in Lifetime and Current scores of probands with ASD and their non-ASD siblings using t-test and analysis of covariance. Correlations between the K-SCQ and other measurements of ASD symptomatology, including K-ADI-R totals and domain scores and SRS, were examined. Receiver operation characteristic curve analysis was performed to extract cutoff scores discriminating affection status. Results:Four factors were extracted through factor analysis of K-SCQ ; 1) social relation and play, 2) stereotyped behavior, 3) social behavior, and 4) abnormal language. Cronbach’s internal consistency was .95 in K-SCQ Lifetime, and .93 in K-SCQ Current. There were significant differences in total score of K-SCQ, both in Lifetime and Current between the ASD group and non-ASD siblings group (p<.05). K-SCQ scores were significantly correlated with K-ADI-R subdomain scores and SRS total scores (p<.05). The best-estimate cut-off scores of K-SCQ for diagnosis of ASD were 12 for 48 months and over, and 10 for below 47 months. Conclusion:Our findings suggest that the K-SCQ is a reliable and valid instrument for screening autistic symptoms in the Korean population. Lower cut-off scores than the original English version might be considered when using it as a screening instrument of ASD.