繁、簡體字讀者漢字認知技巧的遷移

Tianyin Liu,Janet Hui‐wen HSIAO 한국한자한문교육학회 2013 국제한국한자한문교육학회 학술대회 Vol.2013 No.1

There are currently two Chinese writing systems in use in Chinese speaking regions, namely simplified and traditional Chinese, and the effects of simplifying the script have aroused some discussion over last two decades. Recent research suggested that analytic/reduced holistic processing (i.e., identifying individual components of an object rather than gluing features together into a gestalt) is an expertise marker in Chinese character recognition (Hsiao & Cottrell, 2009), which depends mainly on readers’ writing rather than reading experience (Tso, Au, & Hsiao, 2011).  Based on these findings, the current study took a cognitive perspective and examined whether and how simplified and traditional Chinese readers perceive simplified and traditional Chinese characters in terms of holistic processing. Results showed that when processing characters that are shared between the two Chinese scripts, both simplified and traditional Chinese readers demonstrated a similar level of reading and writing abilities, as well as holistic processing. When processing characters that are distinctive in the two scripts, simplified Chinese readers were more analytic than traditional Chinese readers in perceiving simplified characters; this effect depended on their writing rather than reading/copying performance. On the contrary, the two groups of readers did not differ in holistic processing of traditional characters, regardless of their performance difference in writing/copying of traditional characters. In sum, these results indicate that both simplified and traditional Chinese expert readers have developed analytic processing skills in the scripts they are familiar with; nevertheless, whereas simplified Chinese readers could transfer this skill to the processing of traditional characters, traditional Chinese readers could not in the processing of simplified characters. The better generalization ability in simplified Chinese readers may be due to a larger variance in visual form of simplified characters as compared with that of traditional counterparts. 

대만의 지능장애와 감각장애 특수학교 교장 전형 리더십에 대한 연구

蕭金土,高文民,卓美方,王金香 대구대학교 특수교육재활과학연구소 2007 再活科學硏究 Vol.25 No.1

최근 몇 년 회귀 주류와의 융합 교육 정책 하에 대만의 특수 교육 학교는 예전과 다른 큰 변화에 직면해 있다. 완전 융합 이념의 실시 또 심신장애학생을 주류교육으로 회귀해야 한다는 것을 제창함으로, 특수교육학교는 인원이 감소하게 됐다. 특수교육 학교는 신입생 모집이 부족한 상황에서 학교 교사들의 관점이 교장의 지도에 대해 보는 관점이 어떻게 다른가? 그에 대한 요구도 다른가? 본 연구는 두 인자 변의 수 분석이 대만 지능 장애와 감각 장애 종류의 특수 교육 학교 교장전형 리더십에 대한 연구이다. 실험 대상자는 8개 지능 장애종류 특수교육 학교와 5개 감각 장애종류 특수 교육 학교의 259명의 교사이고 그들이 특수교육학교 교장 리더에 대한 건의를 제출했다. In recent years, the domestic special education schools have faced with huge changes under the mainstream and inclusive education policies for the implementation of the full-inclusive and the mainstream education for the students with impairment. That causes the special education schools to reduce classes. Under this situation, what are the teachers?fdifferent views about the principal? What are their needs? The study was undertaken through two-way ANOVA to explore principals?ftransformational leadership between the schools for the mentally retarded and for the sensory impaired. 259 teachers were selected from 8 schools for the mentally retarded and 5 sensory impairment special education schools. Based upon the findings, the implications for practice were proposed.

A Multimodal Application Device of Clinical Tubing: Innovative Research and Development Focused on Healthcare Provider Perspectives and Patient Safety

Hsiao-Chuen Chen,Ya-Wen Li,Hao-Wen Chang,Malcolm Koo,Zu-Chun Lin 한국간호과학회 2023 한국간호과학회 학술대회 Vol.2023 No.11

Deficiency or activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α reduces the tissue concentrations of endogenously synthesized docosahexaenoic acid in C57BL/6J mice

Hsiao, Wen-Ting,Su, Hui-Min,Su, Kuan-Pin,Chen, Szu-Han,Wu, Hai-Ping,You, Yi-Ling,Fu, Ru-Huei,Chao, Pei-Min The Korean Nutrition Society 2019 Nutrition Research and Practice Vol.13 No.4

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), an n-3 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acid (LCPUFA), is acquired by dietary intake or the in vivo conversion of ${\alpha}$-linolenic acid. Many enzymes participating in LCPUFA synthesis are regulated by peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha ($PPAR{\alpha}$). Therefore, it was hypothesized that the tissue accretion of endogenously synthesized DHA could be modified by $PPAR{\alpha}$. MATERIALS/METHODS: The tissue DHA concentrations and mRNA levels of genes participating in DHA biosynthesis were compared among $PPAR{\alpha}$ homozygous (KO), heterozygous (HZ), and wild type (WT) mice (Exp I), and between WT mice treated with clofibrate ($PPAR{\alpha}$ agonist) or those not treated (Exp II). In ExpII, the expression levels of the proteins associated with DHA function in the brain cortex and retina were also measured. An n3-PUFA depleted/replenished regimen was applied to mitigate the confounding effects of maternal DHA. RESULTS: $PPAR{\alpha}$ ablation reduced the hepatic Acox, Fads1, and Fads2 mRNA levels, as well as the DHA concentration in the liver, but not in the brain cortex. In contrast, $PPAR{\alpha}$ activation increased hepatic Acox, Fads1, Fads2, and Elovl5 mRNA levels, but reduced the DHA concentrations in the liver, retina, and phospholipid of brain cortex, and decreased mRNA and protein levels of the brain-derived neurotrophic factor in brain cortex. CONCLUSIONS: LCPUFA enzyme expression was altered by $PPAR{\alpha}$. Either $PPAR{\alpha}$ deficiency or activation-decreased tissue DHA concentration is a stimulus for further studies to determine the functional significance.

Deficiency or activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor ⍺ reduces the tissue concentrations of endogenously synthesized docosahexaenoic acid in C57BL/6J mice

Wen-Ting Hsiao,Hui-Min Su,Kuan-Pin Su,Szu-Han Chen,Hai-Ping Wu,Yi-Ling You,Ru-Huei Fu,Pei-Min Chao 한국영양학회 2019 Nutrition Research and Practice Vol.13 No.4

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), an n-3 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acid (LCPUFA), is acquired by dietary intake or the in vivo conversion of α-linolenic acid. Many enzymes participating in LCPUFA synthesis are regulated by peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARα). Therefore, it was hypothesized that the tissue accretion of endogenously synthesized DHA could be modified by PPARα. MATERIALS/METHODS: The tissue DHA concentrations and mRNA levels of genes participating in DHA biosynthesis were compared among PPARα homozygous (KO), heterozygous (HZ), and wild type (WT) mice (Exp I), and between WT mice treated with clofibrate (PPARα agonist) or those not treated (Exp II). In ExpII, the expression levels of the proteins associated with DHA function in the brain cortex and retina were also measured. An n3-PUFA depleted/replenished regimen was applied to mitigate the confounding effects of maternal DHA. RESULTS: PPARα ablation reduced the hepatic Acox, Fads1, and Fads2 mRNA levels, as well as the DHA concentration in the liver, but not in the brain cortex. In contrast, PPARα activation increased hepatic Acox, Fads1, Fads2, and Elovl5 mRNA levels, but reduced the DHA concentrations in the liver, retina, and phospholipid of brain cortex, and decreased mRNA and protein levels of the brain-derived neurotrophic factor in brain cortex. CONCLUSIONS: LCPUFA enzyme expression was altered by PPARα. Either PPARα deficiency or activation-decreased tissue DHA concentration is a stimulus for further studies to determine the functional significance.

Understanding Motivational Fluctuations among Young Rural EFL Learners: A Longitudinal Case Study

Hsiao-Wen Hsu 아시아테플 2019 The Journal of Asia TEFL Vol.16 No.4

This three year longitudinal study examines Taiwanese rural junior high school students’ motivational changes regarding learning English. The same questionnaire measuring their levels of motivation was conducted throughout fiv e semeste rs across three school years. Seven motivational aspects, including intrinsic, extrinsic, task value, control beliefs, self efficacy, expectancy and test anxiety, were measured each semester. The overall findings suggest that these rural students started w ith higher levels of intrinsic, extrinsic and task related motivation compared to the other motivational aspects; also that girls generally presented higher motivation levels than boys. More generally, students reported mild to low level motivatio n, which indicated that rural students’ EFL motivation would decrease during their school years. The results suggest both English teacher and homeroom teacher appear to play vital roles in affecting rural students’ motivation. Such findings signal a need f or Englis h teachers and educational authorities to reconsider the methods used for both developing and improving rural students’ motivation to learn English throughout their junior high school years. Other factors, including gender and English engagement a fter scho ol, were also found to be effective. This study also suggests practical recommendations for English learning and teaching in rural Taiwanese high schools, which may be effective in other EFL contexts.

Chemoprevention of Colitis-Associated Dysplasia or Cancer in Inflammatory Bowel Disease

( Shun-wen Hsiao ),( Hsu-heng Yen ),( Yang-yuan Chen ) 대한소화기학회 2022 Gut and Liver Vol.16 No.6

The association between inflammatory bowel disease and colorectal cancer is well known. Although the overall incidence of inflammatory bowel disease has declined recently, patients with this disease still have a 1.7-fold increased risk of colorectal cancer. The risk factors for developing colorectal cancer include extensive colitis, young age at diagnosis, disease duration, primary sclerosing cholangitis, chronic colonic mucosal inflammation, dysplasia lesion, and post-inflammatory polyps. In patients with inflammatory bowel disease, control of chronic inflammation and surveillance colonoscopies are important for the prevention of colorectal cancer. The 2017 guidelines from the European Crohn’s and Colitis Organisation suggest that colonoscopies to screen for colorectal cancer should be performed when inflammatory bowel disease symptoms have lasted for 8 years. Current evidence supports the use of chemoprevention therapy with mesalamine to reduce the risk of colorectal cancer in patients with ulcerative colitis. Other compounds, including thiopurine, folic acid, statin, and tumor necrosis factor-α inhibitor, are controversial. Large surveillance cohort studies with longer follow-up duration are needed to evaluate the impact of drugs on colorectal cancer risks. (Gut Liver 2022;16:840-848)

Non-thermal effects of microwaves and kinetics on the transesterification of soybean oil

Hsiao, Ming-Chien,Liao, Pei-Hung,Chang, Li-Wen Techno-Press 2012 Advances in environmental research Vol.1 No.3

A kinetic study of the transesterification of soybean oil was conducted using microwaves under various temperatures, power densities, and reaction times. Results show that power density affects the kinetics and yield. The biodiesel yield increased with increasing microwave power density. The non-thermal effects of microwave irradiation on transesterification reactions were evaluated at a constant reaction temperature ($65^{\circ}C$) and power density (0.204 $Wg^{-1}$). Microwave irradiation was found to increase the reaction rates by 3.52-7.06 fold.

Proton Pump Inhibitor-unresponsive Laryngeal Symptoms Are Associated With Psychological Comorbidities and Sleep Disturbance: A Manometry and Impedance-pH Monitoring Study

Wen-Hsuan Tseng,Wei-Chung Hsu,Tsung-Lin Yang,Tzu-Yu Hsiao,Jia-Feng Wu,Hui-Chuan Lee,Hsiu-Po Wang,Ming-Shiang Wu,Ming-Shiang Wu,Ping-Huei Tseng 대한소화기 기능성질환∙운동학회 2023 Journal of Neurogastroenterology and Motility (JNM Vol.29 No.3

Background/AimsLaryngeal symptoms are largely treated with empiric proton pump inhibitor (PPI) therapy if no apparent pathology shown on ear, nose, and throat evaluation and reflux-related etiologies are suspected. However, treatment response remains unsatisfactory. This study aimed to investigate the clinical and physiological characteristics of patients with PPI-refractory laryngeal symptoms. MethodsPatients with persistent laryngeal symptoms despite PPI treatment for ≥ 8 weeks were recruited. A multidisciplinary evaluation comprising validated questionnaires for laryngeal symptoms (reflux symptom index [RSI]), gastroesophageal reflux disease symptoms, psychological comorbidity (5-item brief symptom rating scale [BSRS-5]) and sleep disturbance (Pittsburgh sleep quality index [PSQI]), esophagogastroduodenoscopy, ambulatory impedance-pH monitoring, and high-resolution impedance manometry were performed. Healthy asymptomatic individuals were also recruited for comparison of psychological morbidity and sleep disturbances. ResultsNinety-seven adult patients and 48 healthy volunteers were analyzed. The patients had markedly higher prevalence of psychological distress (52.6% vs 2.1%, P < 0.001) and sleep disturbance (82.5% vs 37.5%, P < 0.001) than the healthy volunteers. There were significant correlations between RSI and BSRS-5 scores, and between RSI and PSQI scores (r = 0.26, P = 0.010, and r = 0.29, P = 0.004, respectively). Fifty-eight patients had concurrent gastroesophageal reflux disease symptoms. They had more prominent sleep disturbances (89.7% vs 71.8%, P < 0.001) than those with laryngeal symptoms alone but similar reflux profiles and esophageal motility. ConclusionsPPI-refractory laryngeal symptoms are mostly associated with psychological comorbidities and sleep disturbances. Recognition of these psychosocial comorbidities may help optimize management in these patients.

Psychometric Testing of Behavior Assessment for Children

Hsiao-Ling Chuang,Ching-Pyng Kuo,Chia-Ying Li,Wen-Chun Liao 한국간호과학회 2016 Asian Nursing Research Vol.10 No.1

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to test the reliability and validity of the Behavior Assessment for Children (BAC) in a community of school-aged children in Taiwan. Method: A school-based sample comprising third grade and fourth grade students was recruited from Taichung City in Taiwan. The parents (n = 248) and teachers (n = 15) of these students completed structured questionnaires, including the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) and the proposed BAC. Content validity, concurrent validity, construct validity, internal consistency, and inter-rater reliability of the BAC were assessed. Results: The BAC comprised three subscales (attention, emotion, and self-control) that included 17 items. The content validity index (CVI) score was 0.98. The result of the confirmatory factor analysis (goodness of fit = .90, root mean square of residual = .03, root mean square error of approximation = .06, and comparative fit index = .94) supported the construct validity of the three BAC subscales. The concurrent validity of the BAC subscales significantly correlated with the compatible CBCL subscales (r = .59-.78, p < .001). Cronbach a of the subscales of the BAC ranged from .78 to .92. The intraclass correlation coefficient between the parents and teachers ranged from .31 to .44, and the joint probability of agreement ranged from 31.4% to 92.2%. Conclusions: The BAC is a valid and reliable instrument for evaluating behavioral problems in schoolaged children.