Electropulsing Treatment on Enhancement of Electrical Conductivity of Screen-Printed Ag Wire

Ju‑Won Park,Howook Choi,Hwangsun Kim,Simoon Sung,Hye‑Jin Jeong,Il Kim,Jaeseok Gong,Sung‑Tae Hong,Heung Nam Han 대한금속·재료학회 2021 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.27 No.5

The effect of high electric current density on the sintering of Ag wires manufactured by screen printing is evaluated throughelectrical resistivity analysis and microstructure observation. Different forms (continuous and pulsed) of electric currentwith different current densities are applied to the specimens. Conventional heat treatment is also performed as a controlgroup to examine the athermal effect of electropulsing treatment. Compared to the conventional heat treatment, the resistivityis reduced more under the electropulsing treatment with continuous current for the same temperature and treatment time.Also, the process time of electropulsing treatment can be reduced by applying a pulse form of high density current insteadof continuous current without losing the benefit of enhanced reduction of resistivity. The microstructural observationsobtained from high angle annular dark field scanning transmission electron microscope and a digital precession instrumentclearly show that necking connecting the crystals is formed more firmly under electric current. In addition, the temperaturechange of Ag wire and substrate is calculated according to the change of the resistivity when the electric current is appliedto confirm the reliability.

월악산국립공원의 곤충다양성에 관한 연구 - 노린재목, 딱정벌레목, 나비목 -

박성준(Seong-Joon Park),전용락(Yong-Lak Jeon),홍의정(Eui-Jung Hong),윤주창(Ju-Chang Yun),박서경(Seo-Kyoung Park),김병진(Byung-Jin Kim) 국립공원연구원 2010 국립공원연구지 Vol.1 No.4

본 연구는 2007년부터 2009년까지 3년 동안 월악산 모니터링 조사 지점과 동일지구에 대해 정기적인 주 간조사를 통해 주간곤충류(노린재목, 딱정벌레목, 나비목)의 종목록을 확보 하여, 월악산국립공원의 생태계에 자연적 혹은 인위적으로 변화된 내용을 측정하여 곤충자원의 체계적인 관리를 위한 자료를 제공하고자 실시되었다. 본 조 사기간 동안 채집 확인된 주간곤충류는 65과 404종(노린재목 21과 86종, 딱정벌레목 38과 244종, 나비목 6과 74종) 이 조사되었다. 따라서 문헌조사를 포함한 결과 월악산국립공원에 서식하는 것으로 확인된 주간곤충류는 멸종위기야 생동물 2종, 고유종 6종, 국외반출승인대상종 10종과 특정종 50종을 포함하여 총 72과 609종(딱정벌레목 44과 368 종, 노린재목 22과 126종, 나비목 6과 115종)으로 나타났다. 아울러 조사지점별 분석결과 S3에서 종다양성이 가장 높게 나타났으며, S10은 다른 조사지점과 다르게 종다양성이 현저하게 떨어지는 것으로 나타났다. 각 조사기간별 우점종으로는 2007년과 2009년도에 넉점박이송장벌레, 2008년도에는 더듬이긴노린재로 나타났다. This study were conducted for three years from 2007 to 2009 and at the same points as monitoring surveys, through regular surveys insects (Hemiptera, Coleoptera, Lepidoptera) to obtain the list, to measure and assess  Woraksan National Park ecosystem’s natural or artificial change, to provide data for systematic management of the contents of insects. As a result of all the collections were examined, 404 species of 65 family under 3 order were identified. Therefore, the species composition of insect over each result from Woraksan National Park’s was a total of 3 orders,  72 families, 609 species including 2 Endangered species, 6 Endermic species, 10 Management of exotic species and 50 Designated species; 368 species of family Coleoptera which is the highest, 126 species of family Hemiptera and 115 species of family Lepidoptera. Site 3 had the highest indices diversity. In contrast, Site 10 indices diversity, different  from the other survey points, were significantly low. In each survey period, dominant species included Nicrophorus quadripunctatus in 2007 and 2009. In 2008, dominant species was Pachygrontha antennata.

월악산국립공원의 곤충다양성에 관한 연구 : 노린재목, 딱정벌레목, 나비목

박성준(Seong-Joon Park),전용락(Yong-Lak Jeon),홍의정(Eui-Jung Hong),윤주창(Ju-Chang Yun),박서경(Seo-Kyoung Park),김병진(Byung-Jin Kim) 국립공원연구원 2010 국립공원연구지 Vol.1 No.3

본 연구는 2007년부터 2009년까지 3년 동안 월악산 모니터링 조사 지점과 동일지구에 대해 정기적인 주간조사를 통해 주간곤충류(노린재목, 딱정벌레목, 나비목)의 종목록을 확보 하여, 월악산국립공원의 생태계에 자연적 혹은 인위적으로 변화된 내용을 측정하여 곤충자원의 체계적인 관리를 위한 자료를 제공하고자 실시되었다. 본 조사기간 동안 채집 확인된 주간곤충류는 65과 404종(노린재목 21과 86종, 딱정벌레목 38과 244종, 나비목 6과 74종)이 조사되었다. 따라서 문헌조사를 포함한 결과 월악산국립공원에 서식하는 것으로 확인된 주간곤충류는 멸종위기야생동물 2종, 고유종 6종, 국외반출승인대상종 10종과 특정종 50종을 포함하여 총 72과 609종(딱정벌레목 44과 368종, 노린재목 22과 126종, 나비목 6과 115종)으로 나타났다. 아울러 조사지점별 분석결과 S3에서 종다양성이 가장 높게 나타났으며, S10은 다른 조사지점과 다르게 종다양성이 현저하게 떨어지는 것으로 나타났다. 각 조사기간별우점종으로는 2007년과 2009년도에 넉점박이송장벌레, 2008년도에는 더듬이긴노린재로 나타났다. This study were conducted for three years from 2007 to 2009 and at the same points as monitoring surveys, through regular surveys insects (Hemiptera, Coleoptera, Lepidoptera) to obtain the list, to measure and assess Woraksan National Park ecosystem’s natural or artificial change, to provide data for systematic management of the contents of insects. As a result of all the collections were examined, 404 species of 65 family under 3 order were identified. Therefore, the species composition of insect over each result from Woraksan National Park’s was a total of 3 orders, 72 families, 609 species including 2 Endangered species, 6 Endermic species, 10 Management of exotic species and 50 Designated species; 368 species of family Coleoptera which is the highest, 126 species of family Hemiptera and 115 species of family Lepidoptera. Site 3 had the highest indices diversity. In contrast, Site 10 indices diversity, different from the other survey points, were significantly low. In each survey period, dominant species included Nicrophorus quadripunctatus in 2007 and 2009. In 2008, dominant species was Pachygrontha antennata.

28세 여성에서 Epinephrine 국소 주사 후 발생한 스트레스성 심근병증 1예

임주견,곽성동,박재영,천재홍,최성열,차태준,이준상 고신대학교 의과대학 2009 고신대학교 의과대학 학술지 Vol.24 No.1

Stress induced cardiomyopathy is characterized by transient left ventricular dysfunction with typical regional wall motion abnormality of basal segment hyperkinesia and apical hypokinesia after physical or psychological stress. Stress induced cardiomyopathy mimics acute myocardial infarction but coronary angiography shows normal and usually recovers rapidly. Stress induced cardiomyopathy appears to occur almost exclusively in old females. Only a few cases have been reported in younger women but not yet in korea. The pathogenesis is not well known. Currently, it is thought that catecholamine may play important role. Especially, epinephrine may be most important catecholamine in the pathogenesis of steress induced cardiomyopathy. We report a case of stress induced cardiomyopathy occurred in young female after local epinephrine injection for hemostasis during tonsillectomy. 스트레스성 심근병증은 고령의 여성에서 주로 발생하며 카테콜라민 중 특히 epinephrine이 병리기전의 주요한 원인의 하나로 생각되어지고 있다. 저자들은 28세의 젊은 여성에서 편도절제술 도중 지혈을 목적으로 epinephrine을 국소 주사한 후 발생한 스트레스성 심근병증 1예를 경험하여 문헌 고찰과 함께 보고하는 바이다.

외과적 보조의 급속상악확장술 : 치험 5예 REPORT OF 5 CASES

박충열,이용욱,송종운,김영운,박홍주,오희균,유선열,이기현,황현식 대한악안면성형재건외과학회 2002 Maxillofacial Plastic Reconstructive Surgery Vol.24 No.1

Five adults (3 cases of bilateral posterior crossbite, 2 cases of unilateral posterior crossbite) with intermaxillary discrepancy of over 5㎜ due to maxillary transverse deficiency were treated by surgically assisted rapid maxillary expansion (SARME). Bilateral maxillary horizontal osteotomies, osteotomies of pterygomaxillary junction and anterior lateral nasal wall, ans anterior palatal osteotomy were performed in 4 cases, and unilateral osteotomies in 1case, followed by palatal expansion with tooth-borne orthopedic applicance. No significant complication was observed. The mean palatal expansion was 7.2㎜ (5.8∼10.0㎜) in the maxillary first molar region. During the mean follow-up period of 4 years (5 months∼8 years 7 months), no recurrence of crossbite was observed in all cases. The SARME seemed to be a simple, stable, and reliable procedure for achieving a permanent increase of over 5㎜ in skeletal maxillary transverse width of adults.

발전 및 산업 설비 지원 용접 기술 정보 시스템 개발

박주용,홍성호 韓國海洋大學校 附設 海洋科學技術硏究所 1999 硏究論文集 Vol.8 No.-

Power and industrial plant use various welding processes and many kinds of materials. Thus, it is a difficult task to get the proper welding information. In this research. a welding information system was developed to solve the difficulty. It consists of databases system, knowledge based system and diagram analysis programs. Database system contains a large database and various searching method corresponding to the kind of information. A large part of welding information is managed by this database system. knowledge based system is used for decision of proper welding process and analysis of weld defects. It has conversion program from text to knowledge, and inference mechanism. Finally, Diagram analysis programs carry out the calculation of ferrite content in the weld metal. By the calculation, a crack occurrence can be avoided. The developed system can be a useful tool for welding in the field of power and industrial plant.

이주여성 가사노동자에 관한 이론적 재검토

박홍주 동덕여자대학교 한국여성연구소 2009 젠더연구 Vol.- No.14

This study examined the pre-studies of labor situation of migrant domestic workers from a feminist viewpoint. Migrant women's domestic service labor is a representative case showing that the patriarchal gender division of labor in which women take a full burden of care is restructured into division of labor among women on the basis of race, nationality and age in the era of transnational migrant labor. It is also a starting point for criticizing Korean policies on migrant labor that fails to reflect the realities of 'Asian migrant women' as a new phenomenon that removes or expands the boundary of family in the age of globalization. Furthermore, this is a practical work that analyzes the migrant women's human rights.

수종의 dentin bonding agent가 도재라미네이트용 레진시멘트의 전단 결합강도 및 변연 누출에 미치는 영향

박윤기,조혜원,권주홍 大韓齒科器材學會 1993 대한치과재료학회지 Vol.20 No.1

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of three dentin bonding agents on the shear bond strength, microleakage, and film thickness of resin cement for porcelain laminate veneer. Dentin & enamel surfaces were treated with three dentin bonding agents such as Scotchbond 2. All Bone 2, and Prisma Universal Bold 2 and were cemented by G-Cera cement for porcelain laminate veneer. For bond strength test, the specimens were stored in 37℃, 100% humidity for 48 hours and shear bond strength was measured with Instron testing machine (model no. 4201) at crosshead speed of 1.0mm/min. For microleakage and film thickness measurement, the specimens were stored in 37℃, 100% humidity for 7 days, thermocycled for 1000 cycles. Microleakage and film thickness of resin cement were measured with inverted metallurgical microscope(PME 311, Olympus, Japan). The results were as follows : 1. The shear bond strength of resin cement for porcelain laminate veneer to dentin was enhanced by the use of dentin bonding agent and All Bond 2 were effective in improving the shear bond strength to both enamel and dentin. 2. All Bond 2 were effective in reducing microleakage of veneers bonded to dentin, approximately to the same degree to the veneers bonded to enamel. But Prisma Universal Bond 2 and Scotchbond 2 failed to limit microleakage at the gingival margin of veneers bonded to dentin. 3. the 40% phosphoric acid in G-Cera system and the 10% phosphoric acid in All Bond 2 appeard equally effective in reducing microleakage of veneers bonded to enamel. 4. There were no significant increase in cement film thickness when using Prisma Universal Bold 2 or Scotchbond 2, but with All Bond 2 slight increase in the cement film thickness were present.

남북 스포츠 교류의 사회문화적 의의에 관한 연구

박종진, 민주홍 忠北大學校 平生體育硏究所 2014 平生體育硏究所 論文集 Vol.26 No.-

The political policies between the two Koreas since the Korean War have resulted in exclusive senses and this aspect affected to politics, society, education and so forth over the last half century or so. Those affected exclusiveness recently appears in sport too, therefore the sports exchanges between the two nations has now almost disappeared from the scene under the modern and present political conflicts. As witnessed in the case of Germany, sports exchanges can play enormously important role to achieve unification of the two Koreas. It was the research intention to understand the transformation of sports policies in two Koreas and to explore changes of sports exchange since the Korean War. The main purpose of the study, therefore is to find out appropriate approaches to the sports exchange towards the two divided Koreas. An inter-subjective discussion has been made analyzing primary and secondary sources. The research outcome are as follows. Firstly, the President Chung Hee Park attempted sport exchange with the North intending nationalistic oriented policy and it was aimed to focus on elites' intensive cultivation considering winning always against the North. This could not accelerated active exchanges moreover, it in fact hindered the exchanges with the North. Secondly, the President Doo Hwan Jeon announced 'national conciliation and democratic unification' and he intended to promote unification policy during his reign. However, the military based government had a limit to continue the policy towards the unification through sport. Moreover, the international politics during the early 80s was in the Cold War and the Korean situation was influenced. Thirdly, during the reign of Dae-jung Kim, his intention towards the unification was often criticized due to various concerns including the misuses of supported material. However, his Sunshine Policy to embrace the North in fact contributed to an active sports exchange between the two Koreas. Various types of competitions and sports events were taken place constantly promoting the national homogeneity. Overall research discussion and result may be able to contribute to finding sound methods to conciliate and to express the Korean national homogeneity in the global society. Therefore relevant researches needs to be carried out for an appropriate way of sports exchange and it may be expected that the sports exchanges will be setting a strong stone for the democratic unification in the near future.

타타늄의 열처리 조건에 따른 동전위 양극분극특성 및 표면 미세구조 변화

주동현,이용렬,정영화,양홍서,박상원,이도재,송호준,박영준 大韓齒科器材學會 2002 대한치과재료학회지 Vol.29 No.2

The corrosion resistance of metallic implants is essential for successful implant osseointegration. Moreover, the implant surface should have appropriate surface roughness for the attachment of the osteoblast and collagen fibrils. When titanium is exposed to air a thermodynamically very stable oxide film is formed at once. This oxide is very thin and yet it protects the metal from corrosion instantaneously. However, the oxide would not be ideal, and it would be supposed that the state of oxide film would be various by the different conditions when it is formed. The objective of this study was to evaluate the electrochemical properties and surface microstructural changes of titanium after passivation treatment or exposure to high heat (in vacuum or in air). ASTM grade 2 commercially pure titanium (Ti) disks of 10㎜ diameter were wet ground and polished with 240 and 600 grit SiC, and then ultrasonically cleaned with distilled water and ethanol. Cleansed as-received samples (As-R group) were passivated with 30% nitric acid solution at 50℃ for 15 minutes to make the Pas group. The Std-V samples were made by treating the Ti disks in vacuum quartz tube (10^-8 Torr) at 530℃ for 40 min for stress relieving, followed by annealing at 700℃ for 90 min, and then slow cooling to room temperature. The Std-A samples undergo identical procedure as the Std-V group except that it is done in air. For 530℃-V samples, Ti disks were heated at 530℃ for 40 minutes and slow cooled to room temperature. The 1000℃-V samples were produced by heating Std-V specimens again at 1000℃ for 2 hr, followed by cooling to room temperature. 530℃-A and 1000℃-A samples were also prepared. Potentiodynamic anodic polarization measurement, SEM, AFM and XRD analysis were performed to evaluate the effects of the various treatments. The difference in the mean values of E_corr between groups showed statistically significant difference (P<0.05), but that of I_corr did not show significance (P>0.05). When Ti surface was passivated there was a shift of corrosion potential (E_corr) in the noble direction and a lower corrosion current density (I_corr) value. Std-A samples showed most noble E_corr value among the tested groups. 530℃-V samples showed more noble E-corr than other tested groups except Std-A group. 1000℃-V samples showed more noble E-corr than those of Std-V sample. In the case of Std-, 530℃- and 1000℃-groups, -A sub-groups showed better corrosion resistant characteristics than -V sub-groups in regard to E-corr and I_corr values. In the SEM observations, the surfaces of the As-R samples showed only scratch line on smooth surface. In Pas samples, thick oxide layer covered the surface under high magnification observation. 530℃-A samples were covered by oxide granules, and Std-A samples had 25~50 nm-thick acicular oxides. The 1000℃-A samples were covered by coarse oxide crystals with a granule diameter of 0.1~0.6 μm having a gross appearance of milky white color, which was identified by XRD as a rutile. On the other hand, 1000℃-V samples showed an Widmansta¨tten structrue of which the orientation of the lattice is formed along crystallographic planes of the parent crystals. On the AFM observation, 530℃-A samples showed RMS roughness of 79.38 nm which is 5 times rougher than those of the As-R samples. Std-A sample had a roughness of 330.47 nm which is about 20-times rougher than that of the As-R sample. 1000℃-A samples were covered by coarse granular oxides and the roughness were about 0.56 μm. Vacuum sub-group samples showed a more smooth surface than air sub-group samples, and the oxide film was more dense. Due to variability of the surface treatment and heat treatment conditions, the process of the oxide formation seems to be affected thereby making the corrosion properties and surface micro-morphology different. However, more various electrochemical analysis together with surface analysis, and an investigation for the effects of those on the osteoblast cell adhesion and calcium phosphate apposition are needed for the improvement of the osseointegration rates of the titanium implants.