MPLS망에서 RSVP와 DiffServ연동모델의 성능분석

최승권,오구영,지홍일,신승수,조용환 충북대학교 산업과학기술연구소 2002 산업과학기술연구 논문집 Vol.16 No.1

The explosive growth of the internet traffic has imposed tremendous stress on routers, particularly, in the core network. Today's IP services reflect the unpredictable and undifferentiated packet loss and jitter characteristics of traditional best-effort routers. For above requirements, it is required not only the high-speed transmission of the packet, but the new routing function, the guarantees of QoS and bandwidth, the supports of user-requested services MPLS is proposed by the IETF and many other research institute as the solutions for this problem. In this paper, analyze performance of QoS Model applied RSVP over DiffServ to MPLS network. this model is each RSVP applied access network and DiffServ applied core network. In Result, It is amiss that basis MPLS net uses to core network because the average packet loss rate and average delay time are increased if traffic increases. Experiment result was seldom difference in case of network that apply each RSVP, DiffServ, RSVP over DiffServ. RSVP over DiffServs case packet loss rate and delay time were low than DiffServ and the packet loss rate is high because comparing than RSVP but delay time was very low.

라텍스개질 콘크리트의 열팽창 특성 분석

최성용,이주형,임홍범,윤경구 강원대학교 산업기술연구소 2003 産業技術硏究 Vol.23 No.A

The properties of mechanics and durability of LMC have been performed actively. However. little studies on analysis and properties of thermal expansion has been on the temperature variation. Especially. the low of bonding strength and tensile cracking are caused by difference of thermal expansion between LMC and the substrate concrete Therefore, this study focused on effect of thermal expansion behavior and properties of LMC according to temperature variation. To identify the property of thermal expansion of LMC. tests of modulus of thermal expansion were carried out at 28 days after casting specimen. subjected to temperature variation between 10℃ and 60℃ The results of this study showed the modulus of elastic of LMC was similar to that of ordinary portland concrete(OPC) It means that stresses caused by difference of modulus of elastic did not occur on interface between LMC and existing concrete The modulus of thermal expansion of LMC had a little smaller than that of OPC The modulus of thermal expansion of polymer modified concrete is generally larger than OPC. but the result of this test IS disagree with the fact. which may be due to the humidity evaporation difference and aggregate properties

Pd 촉매하에서 유기주석 화합물과 Iodane 화합물의 Cross-Coupling 반응에 관한 연구

강석구,이홍우,김재선,최상철 성균관대학교 기초과학연구소 1996 論文集 Vol.47 No.1

The palladium-catalyzed coupling of organostannanes with iodanes(Koser's and Zefirov's reagents) in the presence of palladium catalyst was accomplished at room temperature under aqueous conditions to afford phenyl- or 4-iodophenyl-substituted products depending on the iodanes used.

Aℓ- Zn 系 合金의 機械的 性質에 關한 硏究

鄭求海,崔圭夏,金鴻遇 忠州大學校 1978 한국교통대학교 논문집 Vol.11 No.2

Aℓ-Zn alloy has poor Tensile strength and hardness and it also has poor anticorrosion and aging. This alloy easily develops stress corrosion cracking and season cracking therefore. it is being developed by the application of thermomechanical treatment with Cr and Mn added. Aℓ-Zn alloy, in this study, is being developed with a small quantity of Mg added, instead of Or or Mn preventing stress corrosion cracking and season cracking, and giving this alloy some good mechanical properties as good as E.S.D Tenailo arrongth, hardness and anticarrosion, so that it could be used in manufacturing of air planes, building shipe construction, machine-making and household appliances.

LMC와 RSLMC의 열팽창 특성에 관한 연구

임홍범,최성용,최판길,윤경구 江原大學校 産業技術硏究所 2004 産業技術硏究 Vol.24 No.A

Latex modification of concrete provides the material with higher flexural strength, as well as high bond strength and reduced water permeability. However, If the thermal expansion properties of overlay concrete (latex-modified concretes) are big different from that of substrate (ordinary portland cement concrete), these would cause a big interfacial stresses and result in premature failure. Therefore, the purposes of this study were to investigate thermal expansion characteristics of latex-modified concrete with cement types. The result of thermal expansion showed the coefficient of thermal expansion of concretes increased with latex inclusion. The coefficient of thermal expansion of RSLMC was a little smaller than that of LMC, which might be due to the finer cement grain, compacter internal, and stiffer properties of concrete. However, the coefficients of LMC and RSLMC were quite similar to that of ordinary cement concrete. Thus, this would not cause an interfacial stresses and will enable to ensure long-term performance of concrete bridge deck overlays.

일부 조선업 근로자의 직업성 요통 발생실태 및 위험요인에 관한 연구

고상백,김형식,최홍렬,김지희,송인혁,박준한,박종구,장세진,차봉석 大韓産業醫學會 2000 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.12 No.1

목적 : 이 연구에서는 한 사업장의 동일한 코호트내에서 직업성 요통의 발생 및 발생원인에 대해 조사하고자 하였다. 방법 : 연구대상은 1995년 12월 현재 한 조선업체에 종사하는 근로자 중에서 1995년 12월 31일 까지 요통이 이미 발생한 근로자와 1995년 당시 검진 미수검자를 제외한 9,784명을 연구대상으로 하였다. 요통 발생군은 1996년부터 1998년까지 3년간 추적 관찰하여 요통으로 4일 이상 통원 또는 입원치료를 받은 근로자로 하였다. 발생률은 요통발생 당시 연도를 기준으로 하여 해당 연도의 4일 이상 신규치료를 받은 중등도 이상의 요통근로자를 분자로 하였고, 해당년도 사업장의 종사하는 근로자 총수(과거 요통자 제외)를 분모로 간주하였다. 요통 발생군은 외상성 요통과 직업관련성 요통으로 대별하였으며, 위험요인과 질병 발생간의 관련성을 보기 위한 Cox모형에서 그 위험도를 파악하고자 할 때에는 직업성 요통만을 환자군으로 선정하였다. 결과 및 결론 . 요통 발생률은 근로자 천명당 1998년 3.1명, 1997년 8.8명, 1996년 7.8명이었다. 요통점유율의 범위는 10.99∼25.66이었다. 연령별 요통 발생률은 30대, 40대에서 높은 발생률을 보였다. 진단명에 따른 발생률은 추간판 탈출증, 염좌, 척추골절, 척추분리증, 척추협착증 순이었다 직업성 요통 발생자들의 직업적 요인을 알아보기 위하여 요통 발생 당시 작업형태를 알아본 결과, 물건을 들다가 66명(35.3%)이 발생하여 가장 큰 빈도를 차지하였고, 물건을 옮기는 과정에서 19명(10.2%)이 발생하여 2위를 차지하였고, 넘어지거나(8.6%), 물건을 당기는 자세(8.0%), 값자기 일어서다(7.5%) 순으로 요통이 발생하였다. 직업성 요통에 영향을 주는 일반적 특성 및 직업적 특성에 판한 상대위험도 및 95% 신뢰구간를 구한 결과, 요통발생에 영향을 주는 유의한 변수로는 체질량 지수(비만도), 교대여부, 중량물 취급여부였다. Objectives : This study was conducted to estimate the incidence rate, and to identify the risk factors for the occupational low back pain among shipyard workers. Methods : The study subjects consisted of 9,784 workers who were employed in a ship-building industry (excluded workers who had a history of low pack pain before 1995 or did not take periodic health examination in 1995) . The cases were 220 people who experienced back pain from January 1, 1996 to December 31, 1998. To assess risk factors for occupational low back pain, Cox propotional hazard model was used. Results : During the recent three years from 1996 to 1998, the incidence rate per 1,000 persons was 7.8 in 1996, 8.8 in 1997, and 3.1 in 1998. The main causes of work-related low back pawn were sprain, strain and disc herniation. Lifting was the most common cause of back pain (35.3%) , and carrying (10.2%) and pulling (8.0%) were followed. In Cox proportional harzard model, independent risk factors for back pain were body mass index(R.R. ; 1.54, 95% C.1. : 1.06-2.25), shift work(R.R. ; 1.65, 95% C.1. : 1.19-2.28), and lifting heavy material(R. R., 3.95, 95% C.1. : 2.29-6.82). Conclusions . This study suggests that the risk factors of back pawn In shipyard work-ers were body mass index, shift work and lifting.

심부전증에서 Doppler Tissue Image를 이용한 비동시성 심실수축(Myocardial Dyssynchronicity)의 측정 : 심전도와비교 Comparison with EKG

구소영,조구영,한성우,최승혁,박우정,두영철,홍경순,오동진,이영 대한순환기학회 2004 Korean Circulation Journal Vol.34 No.4

TNF-α induces the late-phase airway hyperresponsiveness and airway inflammation through cytosolic phospholipase A₂ activation

Choi, Il-Whan,Sun-Kim, Il-Whan,Kim, Young-Suk,Ko, Hyun-Mi,Im, Suhn-Young,Kim, Jae-Hong,You, Hye-Jin,Lee, Yong-Chul,Lee, Jae-Hoon,Park, Young-Min,Lee, Hern-Ku Elsevier 2005 The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology Vol.116 No.3

<P><B>Background</B></P><P>Late-phase airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) in asthma is considered the event leading to persistent inflammation in the lungs, but the molecular mechanisms involved in this process are poorly understood.</P><P><B>Objective</B></P><P>To examine the role of TNF-α in the development of a late AHR and airway inflammation in asthma.</P><P><B>Methods</B></P><P>We established a murine model of asthma with not only biphasic AHR to methacholine but also airway eosinophilia. The effect of TNF-α blockade was determined by using anti–TNF-α antibody and TNF-α knockout mice. Cytosolic phospholipase A<SUB>2</SUB> (cPLA<SUB>2</SUB>) mRNA expression and activity were assessed by using RT-PCR and 1-stearoyl-2-[1-<SUP>14</SUP>C] arachidonyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine as the substrate, respectively.</P><P><B>Results</B></P><P>TNF-α blockade resulted in significant inhibition of the late AHR without affecting the early AHR, and reduction in airway eosinophilia and inflammation. cPLA<SUB>2</SUB> activity was increased in asthmatic lungs in a TNF-α–dependent way, and cPLA<SUB>2</SUB> inhibitor blocked late AHR and airway eosinophilia. TNF-α also stimulated the synthesis of cPLA<SUB>2</SUB> metabolites such as leukotriene B<SUB>4</SUB> and platelet-activating factor in the airway. Specific inhibitors of cPLA<SUB>2</SUB> metabolites inhibited the late AHR and airway eosinophilia.</P><P><B>Conclusions</B></P><P>TNF-α is the proximal key cytokine capable of developing late-phase AHR and subsequent airway inflammation through expression/activation of cPLA<SUB>2</SUB>.</P>

Responses of Plasma IGF-1, IGFBPs and Hepatic GH Receptor to Growth Hormone Releasing Peptides (GHRP)-2 Administration and Energy Level in Wethers

Hong Gu Lee(이홍구),Young Cheng Jin(김영성),Hisashi Hidari,Yun Jaie Choi(최윤재),Seon Ku Kim(김선구),Teak Soon Shin(신택순),Byung Uuk Cho(조병욱),Yong Gyun Kim(김용균),Keun Ki Kim(김근기),Hong Joo Son(손홍주),Sang Mong Lee(이상몽) 한국생명과학회 2008 생명과학회지 Vol.18 No.7

본 연구는 정상으로 단백질을 급여한 거세면양에 있어서 에너지 첨가가 GHRP-2투여에 대한 혈장 IGF-1 및 IGFBPs에 대한 반응과, 고에너지 급여에 따른 GHRP-2투여가 hepatic GH 수용체에 미치는 영향을 검증하기 위하여 실시하였다. 시험 결과 HENP (CP 0.34 ㎏, TDN 1.83 ㎏/day DM intake)처리기간 동안 혈장 IGF-1 과 39-42kDa IGFBP-3수준은 LENP (CP 0.32 ㎏, TDN 0.87 ㎏/day DM intake)기간에 비하여 높게 나타났으나 (P<0.05), 혈장 34 kDa IGFBP-2와 24 kDa IGFBP-4는 영양처리에 의해 영향을 받지 않았다. 각 영양처리 기간동안 GHRP-2 (12.5 μg/㎏ body weight/day)투여는 혈장 GH 반응이 촉진되었으며(P<0.05), 혈장 GH 평균 함량과 AUC증가에 있어서는 LENP처리 기간에 비하여 HENP처리기간에서 유의적으로 높게 나타났다(P<0.01). 특히 HENP에서 7일간 GHRP-2투여에 의한 일중 혈장 IGF-1 변화양상을 조사한 결과 투여 2, 6 및 7일에서 뚜렷한 증가양상을 보였다(P<0.05). 이에 반하여 LENP에서는 오직 투여 3일째에서 Saline구에 비하여 유의적인 증가를 확인하였다(P<0.05). IGFBPs의 ligand blotting 결과 HENP구에서 혈장 39-43 kDa IGFBP-3의 수준의 증가가 투여 6일과 7일에서 관찰되었으나 혈장 IGFBP-2수준은 두 영양처리시기에서 유의적인 차이를 관찰하지 못했다. 아울러 HENP구에 있어서 간세포막에 <SUP>125</SUP>I-oGH의 결합력을 측정한 결과 GHRP-2투여에 의한 영향은 관찰되지 않았다. 이와 같은 결과는 거세면양에 있어서 단백질과 에너지 사이의 영양적 균형은 내인성 GH/IGF-1 axis는 물론 혈장 IGFBP-3수준의 변화에 영향을 미치고 있음을 시사한다. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of energy supplement on responses of plasma insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1 and IGF binding proteins (IGFBPs) to growth hormone-releasing peptide-2 (GHRP-2) administration in normal protein-fed wethers, and to observe the effect of GHRP-2 treatment on hepatic growth hormone (GH) receptor in well-fed wethers. Plasma IGF-1 and 39-42 kDa IGFBP-3 during the HENP (CP, crude protein 0.34 and TDN, total digestible nutrients 1.83 ㎏/day DM, dry matter intake) treatment period were higher than in the LENP (CP 0.32 ㎏ and TDN 0.87 ㎏/day DM intake) period (P<0.05). The response of GH was stimulated by GHRP-2 (12.5 ㎍/㎏ body weight/day) administration during both of the feed treatment periods (P<0.05). The area under curve (AUC) increment and average concentration of GH (0-180 min) with GHRP-2 administration was higher during HENP treatment than LENP treatment (P<0.01). During the HENP treatment period from day 1 to day 7 of twice daily GHRP-2 treatment, the plasma IGF-1 increment was increased on days 2, 6 and 7 of GHRP-2 administration (P<0.05). On the basis of ligand blotting, the proportions of plasma 39-43 kDa IGFBP-3 during the HENP treatment period only showed a significant difference on days 6 and 7 with GHRP-2 administration. No significant difference in the specific binding of 125I-labeled oGH to hepatic membranes was detected between the saline and GHRP-2 treatments of the HENP-fed wethers. These results suggest that the nutritional balance between energy and protein may affect the endogenous GH / IGF-1 axis as well as plasma IGFBP-3 levels.

Anti-allergic effects of So-Cheong-Ryong-Tang in ovalbumin-induced allergic rhinitis model

Ku, J. M.,Hong, S. H.,Kim, S. R.,Choi, H. S.,Seo, H. S.,Jang, B. H.,Ko, S. G.,Shin, Y. C. SPRINGER 2016 European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology Vol.273 No.1

<P>Allergic rhinitis (AR) is an allergic inflammation of the nasal airways. The Korean herbal medicine, So-Cheong-Ryong-Tang (SCRT) has been typically used for the treatment of AR for hundreds of years. In the present study, we investigated whether SCRT suppresses the progression of AR in animal model. AR was induced by ovalbumin (OVA). Treatment with SCRT was assessed to study the effect of SCRT on AR in mice. Histological analysis, multiplex cytokine assay, blood analysis, cell viability assay, RT-PCR and Elisa assay were performed to verify inhibitory effect of SCRT on AR. SCRT reduced infiltration of inflammatory cells into nasal cavity. SCRT reduced infiltration of mast cells into nasal mucosa. SCRT reduced the levels of cytokines (IL-4 and LIF) in the serum. SCRT reduced the levels of leukocytes in the blood. SCRT decreased cell viability of HMC-1 cells and splenocyte. SCRT suppressed IL-4 level in HMC-1 cells and splenocyte cells in a dose-dependent manner. SCRT suppressed IL-6 level and TNF-alpha level in splenocyte. SCRT suppresses the progression of AR induced by OVA. SCRT might be a useful drug for the treatment of AR.</P>