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Transverse relaxation-optimized HCN experiment for tautomeric states of histidine sidechains
Holger Schmidt,Sebastian Himmel,Korvin F.A. Walter,Volker Klaukien,Michael Funk,이동한 한국자기공명학회 2008 Journal of the Korean Magnetic Resonance Society Vol.12 No.2
Function of protein is frequently related with tautomeric states of histidine sidechains. Thus, several NMR experiments were developed to determine the tautomeric states of histidines. However, poor sensitivity of these experiments caused by long duration of magnetization transfer periods is unavoidable. Here, we alleviate the sensitivity of HCN experiment for determining the tautomeric states of histidine residues using TROSY principle to suppress transverse relaxation of 13C spins during long polarization transfer delays involving 13C-15N scalar couplings. In addition, this experiment was used to assign the sidechain resonances of histidines. These assignments can be used to follow the pH-titration of histidine sidechains.
Transverse relaxation-optimized HCN experiment for tautomeric states of histidine sidechains
Schmidt, Holger,Himmel, Sebastian,Walter, Korvin F.A.,Klaukien, Volker,Funk, Michael,Lee, Dong-Han Korean Magnetic Resonance Society 2008 Journal of the Korean Magnetic Resonance Society Vol.12 No.2
Function of protein is frequently related with tautomeric states of histidine sidechains. Thus, several NMR experiments were developed to determine the tautomeric states of histidines. However, poor sensitivity of these experiments caused by long duration of magnetization transfer periods is unavoidable. Here, we alleviate the sensitivity of HCN experiment for determining the tautomeric states of histidine residues using TROSY principle to suppress transverse relaxation of $^{13}C$ spins during long polarization transfer delays involving $^{13}C-^{15}N$ scalar couplings. In addition, this experiment was used to assign the sidechain resonances of histidines. These assignments can be used to follow the pH-titration of histidine sidechains.
Homoepitaxial ZnO Thin Films Fabricated by Using Pulsed-Laser Deposition
Holger von Wenckstern,Matthias Brandt,Heidemarie Schmidt,Christian Hanisch,Gabriele Benndorf,Holger Hochmuth,Michael Lorenz,Marius Grundmann 한국물리학회 2008 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.53 No.5
ZnO thin films were deposited homoepitaxially by using pulsed-laser deposition on ZnO wafers grown by using the hydrothermal method. The dominant shallow donor level in the nominally undoped thin films is AlZn, as suggested by thermal admittance spectroscopy and low temperature photoluminescence measurements. The homoepitaxial ZnO:P thin films are n-conducting in the as-grown state, which facilitates investigations by Hall effect measurements. The Hall mobility of such ZnO:P thin lms is higher than that of heteroepitaxial ZnO thin lms and its temperature dependence is similar to that of ZnO single crystals grown by seeded chemical vapor transport.
Perylene Bisimide Radicals and Biradicals: Synthesis and Molecular Properties
Schmidt, David,Son, Minjung,Lim, Jong Min,Lin, Mei‐,Jin,Krummenacher, Ivo,Braunschweig, Holger,Kim, Dongho,Wü,rthner, Frank WILEY‐VCH Verlag 2015 Angewandte Chemie. international edition Vol.54 No.47
<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>Unprecedented neutral perylene‐3,4:9,10‐tetracarboxylic acid bisimide (PBI) radicals and biradicals were synthesized by facile chemical oxidation of 4‐hydroxyaryl‐substituted PBIs. Subsequent characterization by optical and magnetic spectroscopic techniques, as well as quantum chemical calculations, revealed an open‐shell singlet biradical ground state for the PBI biradical <B>OS</B>‐<B>2<SUP>..</SUP></B> (〈s<SUP>2</SUP>〉=1.2191) with a relatively small singlet–triplet energy gap of 0.041 eV and a large singlet biradical character of <I>y</I>=0.72.</P>
Paula Zwicker,Thomas Schmidt,Melanie Hornschuh,Holger Lode,Axel Kramer,Gerald Müller 한국생체재료학회 2022 생체재료학회지 Vol.26 No.1
Aim: Periprosthetic joint infections are a devastating complication after arthroplasty, leading to rejection of the prosthesis. The prevention of septic loosening may be possible by an antimicrobial coating of the implant surface. Poly (hexamethylene) biguanide hydrochloride [PHMB] seems to be a suitable antiseptic agent for this purpose since previous studies revealed a low cytotoxicity and a long-lasting microbicidal effect of Ti6Al4V alloy coated with PHMB. To preclude an excessive activation of the immune system, possible inflammatory effects on macrophages upon contact with PHMB-coated surfaces alone and after killing of S. epidermidis and P. aeruginosa are analyzed. Methods: THP-1 monocytes were differentiated to M0 macrophages by phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate and seeded onto Ti6Al4V surfaces coated with various amounts of PHMB. Next to microscopic immunofluorescence analysis of labeled macrophages after adhesion on the coated surface, measurement of intracellular reactive oxygen species and analysis of cytokine secretion at different time points without and with previous bacterial contamination were conducted. Results: No influence on morphology of macrophages and only slight increases in iROS generation were detected. The cytokine secretion pattern depends on the surface treatment procedure and the amount of adsorbed PHMB. The PHMB coating resulted in a high reduction of viable bacteria, resulting in no significant differences in cytokine secretion as reaction to coated surfaces with and without bacterial burden. Conclusion: Ti6Al4V specimens after alkaline treatment followed by coating with 5–7 μg PHMB and specimens treated with H2O2 before PHMB-coating (4 μg) had the smallest influence on the macrophage phienotype and thus are considered as the surface with the best cytocompatibility to macrophages tested in the present study.
Nina F. Schwenzer,Ferdinand Seith,Sergios Gatidis,Cornelia Brendle,Holger Schmidt,Christina A. Pfannenberg,Christian laFougère,Konstantin Nikolaou,Christina Schraml 대한영상의학회 2016 Korean Journal of Radiology Vol.17 No.5
Objective: First, to investigate the diagnostic performance of fast T1-weighted sequences for lung nodule evaluation in oncologic magnetic resonance (MR)/positron emission tomography (PET). Second, to evaluate the influence of image acquisition in inspiration and expiration breath-hold on diagnostic performance. Materials and Methods: The study was approved by the local Institutional Review Board. PET/CT and MR/PET of 44 cancer patients were evaluated by 2 readers. PET/CT included lung computed tomography (CT) scans in inspiration and expiration (CTin, CTex). MR/PET included Dixon sequence for attenuation correction and fast T1-weighted volumetric interpolated breath-hold examination (VIBE) sequences (volume interpolated breath-hold examination acquired in inspiration [VIBEin], volume interpolated breath-hold examination acquired in expiration [VIBEex]). Diagnostic performance was analyzed for lesion-, lobe-, and size-dependence. Diagnostic confidence was evaluated (4-point Likert-scale; 1 = high). Jackknife alternative free-response receiver-operating characteristic (JAFROC) analysis was performed. Results: Seventy-six pulmonary lesions were evaluated. Lesion-based detection rates were: CTex, 77.6%; VIBEin, 53.3%; VIBEex, 51.3%; and Dixon, 22.4%. Lobe-based detection rates were: CTex, 89.6%; VIBEin, 58.3%; VIBEex, 60.4%; and Dixon, 31.3%. In contrast to CT, inspiration versus expiration did not alter diagnostic performance in VIBE sequences. Diagnostic confidence was best for VIBEin and CTex and decreased in VIBEex and Dixon (1.2 ± 0.6; 1.2 ± 0.7; 1.5 ± 0.9; 1.7 ± 1.1, respectively). The JAFROC figure-of-merit of Dixon was significantly lower. All patients with malignant lesions were identified by CTex, VIBEin, and VIBEex, while 3 patients were false-negative in Dixon. Conclusion: Fast T1-weighted VIBE sequences allow for identification of patients with malignant pulmonary lesions. The Dixon sequence is not recommended for lung nodule evaluation in oncologic MR/PET patients. In contrast to CT, inspiration versus expiratory breath-hold in VIBE sequences was less crucial for lung nodule evaluation but was important for diagnostic confidence.